1、2013届上海市四区高考二模英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【小题 1】许多驾驶员对新的交通法规都感到不习惯。 (use) 【小题 2】传统的火车票购买方式已经被网络购买方式所取代了。 (replace) 【小题 3】过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。 (It) 【小题 4】我们非常关心食品质量，因为它与每一个人的健康都息息相关。(concern) 【小题 5】那些消防战士冒着生命危险把困在着火的屋子里的老人和小孩全部
2、救了出来。（ trap） 答案： 【小题 1】 Many drivers/ dont get used to/ the new traffic rules. 【小题 2】 The traditional way/ of buying train tickets/ has already been replaced/ by the one through the Internet 【小题 3】 It wont be a few days/ before/ they mail you/ the result about the interview. 【小题 4】 We are all concer
3、ned about/ the food quality/ because it is closely related to everyones health. 【小题 5】 Those firefighters risked their life/ to successfully rescue/ all the old and children/ trapped/ in the burning house. 试题分析： 【小题 1】 Many drivers/ dont get used to/ the new traffic rules. 本句难点在于： be/get used to sth
4、/doing sth习惯 sth/做某事。 【小题 2】 The traditional way/ of buying train tickets/ has already been replaced/ by the one through the Internet 本句是一个被动语态，另外要注意 the way to do sth/of doing sth做某事的方法。 【小题 3】 It wont be a few days/ before/ they mail you/ the result about the interview. 考查固定句式 It be+一段时间 before从句。
5、一段时间以后某事才发生。 【小题 4】 We are all concerned about/ the food quality/ because it is closely related to everyones health. 本句考查的重点是 be concerned about/for担心 ； 【小题 5】 Those firefighters risked their life/ to successfully rescue/ all the old and children/ trapped/ in the burning house. 本句考查的重点是过去分词短语 trappe
6、d in the burning house在句中做定语修饰名词 children. 考点：考查句子翻译 点评：做这类题，不但要选择正确意义的词、词组及句型，还要根据具体语法和语境，选择适当的时态、语态及使用正确的词形。 Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Children and adolescents who watch a lot of television are more likely to have
7、 antisocial and criminal behavior when they become adults, according to a new University of Otago, New Zealand, study published online in the journal Pediatrics. The study followed a group of around 1,000 children born in the New Zealand city of Dunedin in 1972-1973. Every two years between the ages
8、 of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. Those who watched more television were more likely to have a criminal conviction and were also more likely to have antisocial personality traits in adulthood. The study found that the risk of having a criminal behavior by early adulthoo
9、d increased by about 30% with every hour that children spent watching TV on an average weeknight. The study also found that watching more television in childhood was associated, in adulthood, with aggressive personality, an increased tendency to experience negative emotions, and an increased risk of
10、 antisocial personality disorder; a psychiatric disorder characterised by persistent patterns of aggressive and antisocial behavior. The researchers found that the relationship between TV viewing and antisocial behavior was not explained by socio-economic status, aggressive or antisocial behavior in
11、 early childhood, or parenting factors. A study co-author, Lindsay Robertson, says it is not that children who were already antisocial watched more television. “Rather, children who watched a lot of television were likely to go on to manifest antisocial behavior and personality traits.” Other studie
12、s have suggested a link between television viewing and antisocial behavior, though very few have been able to demonstrate a cause-and-effect sequence. This is the first real-life study that has asked about TV viewing throughout the whole childhood period, and has looked at a range of antisocial outc
13、omes in adulthood. As an observational study, it cannot prove that watching too much television caused the antisocial outcomes, but the findings are consistent with most of the research and provides further evidence that excessive television can have long-term consequences for behavior. Antisocial b
14、ehavior is a major problem for society. While were not saying that television causes all antisocial behavior, our findings do suggest that reducing TV viewing could go some way towards reducing rates of antisocial behavior in society,” says Associate Professor Hancox. The American Academy of Pediatr
15、ics recommends that children should watch no more than 1 to 2 hours of quality television programming each day. The researchers say their findings support the idea that parents should try to limit their childrens television use. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN
16、TEN WORDS.) 【小题 1】 The aim of the study is to reveal _. 【小题 2】 The researchers chose _ as their research subjects（研究对象） . 【小题 3】 Whats the shortcoming of most of the studies on this topic _. 【小题 4】 What do you suppose many parents will do after reading this passage _. 答案： 【小题 1】 the relationship bet
17、ween television viewing and antisocial behavior. 【小题 2】 about 1,000 children born in Dunedin in 1972-1973. 【小题 3】 They fail to demonstrate a cause-and-effect sequence. 【小题 4】 Limit their childrens television use (to 1 to 2 hours). 试题分析：本文讲述的是对儿童看电视和长大以后的反社会等行为之间的联系的一次研究情况介绍。 【小题 1】 the relationship
18、between television viewing and antisocial behavior. 推理题。根据第一段后 4行 The study followed a group of around 1,000 children born in the New Zealand city of Dunedin in 1972-1973. Every two years between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. Those who watched more televisio
19、n were more likely to have a criminal conviction and were also more likely to have antisocial personality traits in adulthood.可知这个研究的目的正是为了得知看电视和长大以后的反社会等行为之间的联系。 【小题 2】 about 1,000 children born in Dunedin in 1972-1973. 细节题。根据文章第一段 4,5行 around 1,000 children born in the New Zealand city of Dunedin
20、in 1972-1973. 【小题 3】 They fail to demonstrate a cause-and-effect sequence. 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段 While were not saying that television causes all antisocial behavior, our findings do suggest that reducing TV viewing could go some way towards reducing rates of antisocial behavior in society,” says Associate
21、Professor Hancox.可知这些研究并没有详细说明这两者之间的关系。 【小题 4】 Limit their childrens television use (to 1 to 2 hours). 细节题。根据文章最后一句 The researchers say their findings support the idea that parents should try to limit their childrens television use. 可知我 们要限制孩子看电视的时间。 考点：考查社会现象类短文阅读 点评：本文讲述的是对儿童看电视和长大以后的反社会等行为之间的联系的一
22、次研究情况介绍。本文细节题居多，答题时在文章找到对应的地方，用笔进行标记，这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案：的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思，再结合选项，通过排除法和自己对全文的把握，选出正确答案：。 Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. concentrated B. possible C. revised D. application
23、s E. figures F. connect G. benefits H. global I. contribute J. tops More than two million people in Europe now have fiberbroadband（光纤宽带）direct to their home, suggests a survey. The latest _1_ on superfast broadband delivered by fiber to the home (FTTH) show 18% growth over the last survey compiled i
24、n late 2008. The continued growth suggests that the _2_ economic decline has not hit plans to build fiber networks. Sweden _3_ the list of nations applying the technology, with 10.9% of its broadband customers using fiber. Karel Helsen, president of Europes Fiber-To-The-Home Council, said the growth
25、 matched predictions that were _4_ when the credit crisis started to make itself felt. “The numbers in 2009 are in line with the latest forecasts,” said Mr. Helsen. By 2012, the FTTH Council expects that 13 million people across 35 European nations will have their broadband delivered by fiber. Such
26、services would start at a speed of 100 megabits per second (mbps), said Mr. Helsen. Around Europe more than 233 projects were underway to lay the fibers that would _5_ homes or buildings to the net, said Mr. Helsen. Many of those, he said, were being operated by local governments or smaller net firm
27、s. Local governments were interested in FTTH because of the economic and social _6_ it brought in its wake, said Mr. Helsen. The low delay in high-speed fiber networks made _7_ new uses of broadband, he said. “No delay is very important,” he said, “specifically if you talk about _8_ that are time-de
28、pendent such as personal communications, conference calls or video calls where delays cause a lot of trouble.” While early FTTH services were _9_ in cities, said Mr. Helsen, many more were reaching out to rural areas for e-health and e-learning projects. 答案： 【小题 1】 E 【小题 2】 H 【小题 3】 J 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5
29、】 F 【小题 6】 G 【小题 7】 B 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 A 试题分析： 【小题 1】 E figures是一个名词：数据；最近的数据显示比 2008年的调查上涨了百分之 18. 【小题 2】 H global是形容词：全球的；指全球经济危机并没有影响光纤宽带的发展。 【 小题 3】 J top是一个动词 :位列前茅；指瑞典在这项技术的运用上位列前茅。 【小题 4】 C revise是动词：修改；指当经济危机爆发的时候， predictions（预测）已经做出了修改。 【小题 5】 F connect 是动词：连接；指光纤宽带把家和大楼和网络连接在一起。 【小题 6】 G b
30、enefit是名词：益处，好处；这里是指它所带来的经济和社会方面的好处。 【小题 7】 B possible是形容词：可能的；这里是指新的光纤宽带的使用变得可能。 【小题 8】 D application是名词：应用；当你谈论起光纤宽带的具体应用。 【小题 9】 A concentrate是动词：聚焦；指早期的 FTTH services聚焦于城市。 考点：考查选词填空 点评：本题要根据上下文的句子串联来选择合适的词，特别要注意词性以及词形的匹配，大小写，单复数等具体形式。 单项选择 * The start of a new year brings hope hope _ better hea
31、lth, more happiness and greater success. A among B for C over D on 答案： B 试题分析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配 hope for希望得到；句意：新年带来了新的希望，希望得到更好的健康，更幸福和成功。故 B正确。 考点：考查固定搭配 点评：固定短语的考查是高考中的重点内容，在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。学生可以将常考的全部积累在一起，通过反复的复习，从而达到永久的记忆下来。 The teacher left word w
32、ith our monitor _ she would explain the problem again next time. A who B which C as D that 答案： D 试题分析：考查同位语从句。本题中的同位语从句 that she would explain the problem again next time是对前面的名词 word的内容进行解释说明， that在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用。故 D正确。 考点：考查同位语从句 点评：解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构，知道引导词的使用习惯。通过判 断引导词在从句中所作的成分，来选择正确的引导词。连接同位语
33、从句的从属连词主要有 that, if, whether，和疑问词（ what how where when .)。 that引导表示陈述句的同位语从句， if和 whether， whether.or not引导表示 “是否 ”的一般疑问句的同位语从句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever 等。连接代词一般指疑问，但 what, whatever除了指疑问 外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有 when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, howeve
34、r 等 . They will pay a visit to Europe in a couple of years _ they have enough money. A for fear that B on condition that C even though D as well as 答案： B 试题分析：考查连词辨析。 A唯恐（表示主观上的担心）； B如果（ if）； C即使，尽管； D和，同，也，并；句意：只要他们有足够的钱，他们会在一到两年里去欧洲旅游。根据上下文可知表示条件关系，故 B正确。 考点：考查连词辨析 点评：连词的词义辨析要放在上下文的语境中进行，要注意上下文的语义
35、的串联以及逻辑关系的推理，特别要注意一些连词和时间状语的固定搭配。 Every time Gina catches her employees _ time, she reminds them that time is money. A to waste B wasting C wasted D waste 答案： B 试题分析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配 catch sb doing sth抓住某人正在做某事；其中的 doing是一个宾语补足语，对宾语的情况进行补充说明。句意：每次Gina 发现他的员工在浪费时间的时候，她都提醒他们时间就是金钱。故 B 正确。 考点：考查固定搭配 点评：固定短语
36、的考查是高考中的重点内容，在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。学生可以将常考的全部积累在一起，通过反复的复习，从而达到永久的记忆下来。 Not until 2012 _ to a Chinese writer for the first time. A the Nobel Prize in literature was awarded B was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature C was the Nobel Prize in literature
37、 awarded D the Nobel Prize was awarded in literature 答案： C 试题分析：考查倒倒装句。当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候，主句部分要使用部分倒装的形式。本题中的 not until 是一个否定词，放在句首，故使用部分倒装的形式。句意： 知道 2012年诺贝尔奖才颁发给了一个中国人。故C正确。 考点：考查部分倒装句 点评：部分倒装中考查较多的有 ： (1) 含有否定意义的词 never， seldom， little. hardly， not， scarcely， nowhere， by no means(决不 )等置于句首时。 (2)以
38、only修饰作为状语的副词、介词短语或从句，且放在句首时。 注意： only 修饰状语从句放在句首时，状语从句不需要倒装，只能倒装主句部分。 (3)当 so置于句首意为 “也如此 ”， neither， nor置于句首意为 “也不 ”时。当 so表示对前句内容的肯定和附和，译作 “确实，正是 ”时，用自然语序。 (4)当 not onlybut also, s osuchthat, not until, no sooner than, hardly when 等连词置于句首时。 (5)在as引导的让步状语从句中 (名词形容词 /副词动词 +as+主谓结构 )。 (6)虚拟语气的条件状语从句省去
39、 if时，须将 were， had， should提到句首构成倒装句。 (7)频度副词 often, always, once, now and then, every other day, many a time 等放在句首时。 (8)为了使句子保持平衡，为了强调表语或为了使上下文紧密衔 接时，常使用倒装语序。 BrainPOP is an educational program consisting of brief animated videos _ a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby discuss various subjects. A
40、 in which B which C as D in that 答案： A 试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是 animated videos，后面定语从句的句子结构很完整，故使用关系副词 where在句中做状语，在定语从句中关系副词经常可以被换成 “介词 +关系代词 ”； that不能放在介词的后面。 BC都是关系代词。故 A正确。 考点：考查定语从句 点评：定语从句是高考从句中必考的语法，在阅读文章中出现的频率也很高。关键在于分析句子结构，定语从句中如果既不缺主语，也不缺宾语和表语，就要考虑是否用关系副词或 whose作定语，意为 “谁的 ”。至于如何判断缺不缺主或是宾语，尤
41、其是缺宾语的情况，要将先行词带到定从中谓语动词之后看是否符合逻辑搭配，如符合则缺宾语，如 不符合就不缺。 A business plan should be a strategic outline of _ you are going to do, why and how you are going to do it. A what B which C how D that 答案： A 试题分析：考查宾语从句。本句中 what引导宾语从句 what you are going to do作为介词 of的宾语，并在句中作为动词 do的宾语。 How在句中不能做宾语，that在宾语从句中不充当任何
42、成分 ，只起引导作用。 Which是指特定范围之内的某一个。故 A正确。 考点：考查宾语从句 点评：宾语从句属于名词性从句一种，名词性从句分为主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句四种，除宾语从句外，同位语从句和定语从句的区别是高考常考点。宾语从句中的连接词 that, whether, if在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；连接代词 who(ever), which(ever), whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词 when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可 望句形生答案： 总
43、的来说，考生在解答此类题型时，可用排除法，造句法或者还原法，造句法就是仿造原句的语法功能仿造出一个易懂易理解的句子，帮助判断。 The boy, one of the so-called rich second generation, forced his parents to buy a new car _ it might cost. A no matter how B however high C no matter how much D how much 答案： C 试题分析：考查让步状语从句。 “no matter+特殊疑问词 ”只能引导让步状语从句；本句是对钱的说明，应该使用 ho
44、w much来提问。句意：那一个被称为富二代的男孩强迫他的父母给他买一辆新车，无论这辆新车值多少钱。故 C正确。 考点：考查让步状语从句 点评：让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，其本身也是状语从句。一般翻译为“尽管 ” 或 “即使 ” ，就是我们日常生活中用的 “退一步说 ” 的感觉。引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些： though, although, while, as; even if, even though; whether.or.; no matter+疑问词，疑问词 -ever， regardless of+名词 /名词短语 /名词从句， despite， in spite o
45、f。切记 although， though 不可与 but连用，但可以与 yet连用。 Toms resolution _ up drinking alcohol lasted only two days. A given B giving C give D to give 答案： D 试题分析：考查不定式做定语。本句中的不定式 to give up drinking alcohol是用来修饰名词 resolution(决心 )；指戒酒的决心。句意： Tom戒酒的决心只持续了2天。故 D正确。 考点：考查不定式做定语 点评：不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰的词之后，
46、通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。一些名词后常用不定式作定语，如： chance(机会）， way(方法）， time(时间）等；另外， the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词，它们或它们所修饰的代词后，也常用不定式作定语。不定式作定语时，不定式与被修饰词之间存在的关系复杂，有的是主谓关系；有的是动宾关系；有的是动状关系，还有的不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系。 Desserts made from apples, such as pies, apple pancakes and apples _ in
47、 sugar are available for sampling. A dipping B dip C dipped D to dip 答案： C 试题分析：考查分词做定语。本句中的动词 dip与前面的名词 apple构成被动关系，故使用 dipped in sugar来修饰名词 apples。指被浸在糖水里的苹果 ,故 C正确。 考点：考查分词做定语 点评：当分词做定语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与名词构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做定语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做定语。单独的一个分词做定语要放在名词的前面，分词短语做定语要放在分词的后面。 Many students apply fo
48、r a position at that company, but only a few _. A are being accepted B are accepted C have accepted D accept 答案： B 试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：很多学生都申请那个公司的职位，但是只有一些人被接受。根据句意使用被动语态的形式，且没有现在进行的意思。故B正确。 考点：考查时态和语态 点评：英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。对于语态，主语和动作之间是主动关系，就用主动语态，如果主语和动作之间是被动关系，就用被动语态。 The law says that all public buildings must be accessible to people who have troubl
