1、Designation: C1506 17Standard Test Method forWater Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars andPlasters1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method provides for the determination of waterretention of hydraulic cement-based mortars and plasters.1.2 The v
3、alues stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard. When this test method refers to combined-unitstandards, the selection of the measurement systems is at theusers discretion.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafet
4、y concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are causticand
5、may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure.)21.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-m
6、endations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMo
7、rtarC230/C230M Specification for Flow Table for Use in Testsof Hydraulic CementC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Ceme
8、nts and ConcretesC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarE832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers3. Summary of Test Method3.1 After initial mixing is complete, the flow of the mort
9、aror plaster is determined. The mortar or plaster is then subjectedto a controlled vacuum suction for 60 s, after which the flow isagain determined. The water retention is the final flow dividedby the initial flow expressed as a percentage.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means
10、 for determining theability of mortars and plasters to retain water under suction.Test results may be used to determine compliance withspecifications.4.2 The results obtained using this test method can be usedto compare the relative ability of mortars and plasters to retainwater under suction.4.3 Th
11、e results obtained using this test method for masonrymortars do not necessarily indicate the degree of waterretention when used with masonry units, since the amount ofwater absorbed by the unit depends on the rate of absorption ofthe masonry unit.4.4 The results obtained using this test method for p
12、lasters(stucco) do not necessarily indicate the degree of waterretention when the plaster is applied as a second coat on thesurface of a previously applied plaster base coat, since theamount of water absorbed from the second coat of plasterdepends on the rate of absorption of the base coat. This is
13、alsotrue when a plaster is applied as a coating on masonry units.5. Apparatus5.1 Tamper, conforming to Test Method C109/C109M.5.2 Straightedge, conforming to Test Method C185.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cementand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C
14、01.22 on Workability.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2017. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1506 16b. DOI:10.1520/C1506-17.2Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTMStandards, Vol 04.01.3For referenced ASTM standa
15、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Internat
16、ional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Gui
17、des and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.3 Flow Table, conforming to Specification C230/C230M.5.4 Mixing Apparatus, conforming to the requirements pre-scribed in Practice C305.5.5 Filter PaperThe filter paper shall be mediumretenti
18、ve, corresponding to Type 1, Class B, in accordance withSpecification E832. It shall be 150 mm in diameter.5.6 Filtration Assembly, an apparatus essentially as shownin Fig. 1 shall be used. This apparatus consists of a perforateddish resting on a funnel, which is connected by a three-waystopcock to
19、a vacuum flask, to which a controlled vacuum isapplied. The perforated dish shall be made of metal notattacked by masonry mortar or plaster (Note 1). The metal baseof the dish shall have a thickness of 2.0 6 0.3 mm and shallconform to the requirements given in Fig. 1. The stopcock boreshall have a 4
20、.0 6 0.5-mm diameter, and the connecting glasstubing shall have a minimum inside diameter of 4 mm. Thelength of the tubing projecting into the 1-L flask from thestopcock shall extend at least 25 mm below the center line ofthe vacuum connection. The contact surfaces of the funnel andperforated dish s
21、hall be plane and may need to be lapped toensure intimate contact. An airtight seal shall be maintainedbetween the funnel and the dish during the test. This shall beaccomplished by either of the following procedures. (1)Asynthetic (grease-resistant) rubber gasket permanently sealedto the top of the
22、funnel using petrolatum or light grease toprovide a seal between the gasket and dish. (2) A petroleum orlight grease coating on the top of the funnel to provide a sealbetween the funnel and dish. Take care to ensure that none ofthe holes in the perforated dish become clogged. The filterpaper shall b
23、e placed into the dish so as to completely cover theperforations in the dish.NOTE 1Stainless steel, brass, and bronze are suitable metals for thispurpose.5.7 Controlled Vacuum Source:5.7.1 A vacuum gauge capable of reading at least 9-kPapressure in 0.1-kPa increments (Note 2 and Note 3), connectedto
24、 a miniature vacuum regulator having a maximum 55-kPacapacity, which is then connected to a vacuum pump or wateraspirator as shown in Fig. 1. Connection is made between thevacuum flask and the vacuum gauge.NOTE 2Vacuum values are all given as pressure relative to atmo-spheric pressure.NOTE 3Gauges r
25、eading pressure in other units are acceptable as longas their capacity and scale increments comply with the levels specifiedhere. (For example, a vacuum gauge with a minimum capacity of 70 mmof Hg in 1-mm increments is acceptable. To convert mm of Hg to kPa,multiply by 0.1333. Thus the 7.0-kPa start
26、ing pressure is equivalent to53-mm Hg.)5.8 Water retention apparatus and related equipment shallbe checked for conformance to this Test Method at least every212 years.6. Temperature and Humidity6.1 The temperature of the mixing room and the roomcontaining the water retention apparatus shall conform
27、to therequirements of Specification C511.7. Materials7.1 The composition of the mortar or plaster to be tested forwater retention shall be that described in the specification ofthe material being considered, or that desired.8. Mixing of Mortar and Plaster8.1 The mortar or plaster to be tested for wa
28、ter retentionshall be mixed as specified in the section on Procedure forMixing Mortars of Practice C305, or as described in thespecification for the material being considered.9. Procedure9.1 Preparation of ApparatusSeat the perforated dish onthe greased gasket or greased rim of the funnel. Place a w
29、ettedfilter paper in the bottom of the dish. Turn the stopcock toapply the vacuum to the funnel and check the apparatus forleaks. Adjust the vacuum to 7.0 6 0.4 kPa (Note 2). Turn thestopcock to shut off the vacuum from the funnel. Do notremove the dish from the funnel until instructed to do so in 9
30、.5.9.2 Determination of FlowDetermine the flow in accor-dance with Test Method C1437.9.3 Preparation of Mortar or Plaster BedImmediatelyafter making the flow test, return the mortar or plaster on theflow table to the mixing bowl and remix the entire batch for15 s at medium speed. Immediately after r
31、emixing, fill theperforated dish with the material to slightly above the rim.Tamp 15 times with the tamper. Apply ten of the tampingstrokes at approximately uniform spacing adjacent to the rim ofthe dish, and with the long axis of the tamping face held at rightangles to the radius of the dish. Apply
32、 the remaining fivetamping strokes at random points distributed over the centralarea of the dish. Use just enough tamping pressure to fill thedish with the top of the material extending slightly above therim. Smooth off the material by drawing the flat side of thestraightedge (with the leading edge
33、slightly raised) across thetop of the dish. Strike-off the material to a plane surface flushwith the rim of the dish with the straightedge held in aperpendicular position; using a sawing motion, draw thestraightedge across half of the surface of the dish; repeat theprocedure on the other half of the
34、 unfinished surface. If thematerial is pulled away from the side of the dish during theprocess of drawing the straightedge across the dish, gentlypress the material back into contact with the side of the dishusing the tamper. Complete the entire filling and strike-offoperation in not more than 2 min
35、.9.4 Application of Vacuum to Mortar or PlasterTurn thestopcock to apply the vacuum to the funnel. After suction for60 s, quickly turn the stopcock to expose the funnel toatmospheric pressure.9.5 Determination of Flow After SuctionImmediatelyslide the perforated dish off the funnel, touch the bottom
36、 of thedish momentarily on a damp cloth to remove droplets of water.Set the dish on a work table, plow and mix the mortar or plasterfor 15 s, with the rubber scraper prescribed in Practice C305.Determine the flow in accordance with Test Method C1437.Remove the vacuum and complete the flow test in le
37、ss than2 min.C1506 172NOTE 1The gasket is to be synthetic rubber. The stopcock and the bore of the tubing shall be at least 4 mm. A check valve or water trap, or both,is suggested for the connection to the vacuum source.FIG. 1 Apparatus Assembly for Water Retention TestC1506 17310. Calculation10.1 C
38、alculate the water retention value for the mortar orplaster as follows:Water retention, % 5 A/B! 3100where:A = flow after suction, andB = flow immediately after initial mixing.Report to the nearest 1 %.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe following precision values were calcu-lated from results o
39、f tests reported to Cement and ConcreteReference Laboratory (CCRL) for masonry cement proficiencysamples Number 3 through 42 (Note 4). Within- and among-laboratory standard deviations were calculated by CCRL foreach sample pair. Values were pooled over all 40 samples forpurposes of this analysis. Wa
40、ter retention test results (exclud-ing outliers) ranged from 72 to 88 %. The average number oflaboratories reporting was 69.NOTE 4These tests utilized a slightly different test pressure, 6.7 60.4 kPa (50 6 0.3 mm Hg).11.1.1 Single-laboratory PrecisionThe single-laboratorystandard deviation has been
41、found to be 3.5 % (Note 5).Therefore, the results of two properly conducted tests in thesame laboratory on the same material should not differ by morethan 9.8 % (Note 5) in 95 % of such pairwise comparisons.11.1.2 Multilaboratory PrecisionThe multilaboratorystandard deviation has been found to be 5.
42、1 % (Note 5).Therefore, the results of two properly conducted tests indifferent laboratories on the same material should not differ bymore than 14.3 % (Note 5) in 95 % of such pairwise compari-sons.NOTE 5These numbers represent, respectively, the 1s and d2s limitsas described in Practice C670.11.2 B
43、iasSince there is no accepted reference materialsuitable for determining bias in this test method, no statementon bias is being made.12. Keywords12.1 hydraulic cement; mortar; plaster; water retentionSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard sin
44、ce the last issue(C1506 16b) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Aug. 1, 2017.)(1) Added Specification E832 to Referenced Documents (Sec-tion 2).(2) Added new 5.5, renumbered subsequent sections accord-ingly.(3) Revised 5.6.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected change
45、s to this standard since the last issue(C1506 16a) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2016.)(1) Revised 5.5.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1506 16) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Feb.
46、15, 2016.)(1) Revised 1.2 and 5.5.Committee C01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1506 09) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Jan. 1, 2016.)(1) Revised 3.1.C1506 174ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of a
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48、vision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. You
49、r comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (
