1、 IEEE Recommended Practice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships Sponsored by the Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 2 November 2010 IEEE Industry Applications Society IEEE Std 17092010 IEEE Std 1709-2010 IEEE Recommended Pra
2、ctice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships Sponsor Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society Approved 17 June 2010 IEEE-SA Standards Board Approved 04 January 2011 American National Standards Institute Abstract: Guidelines to specify, p
3、rocure, design, manufacture and develop manuals, safety procedures, practices and procedures for effective maintenance of medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) electrical power systems is discussed in this recommended practice. Recommendations are made for analytical methods, preferred interconnectio
4、n interfaces and performance characteristics for reliable integration of MVDC electrical components into the ship MVDC electrical power systems. Keywords: integrated power systems, marine electrical-power systems, medium-voltage DC, MVDC power electronics, power-electronic building blocks g120The In
5、stitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2010 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 2 November 2010. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in t
6、he U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1709-2010, IEEE R
7、ecommended Practice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships. The purpose of this recommended practice is to provide a set of guidelines that can be used by the of medium-voltage DC (MVDC) Power systems stakeholders to specify, procure, design, manufacture and develop manuals, safe
8、ty guidelines, practices and procedures for effective maintenance of their MVDC system. It is not intended that these recommended practice form the basis for a mandatory standard. Acceptance or rejection of any or all of the recommendations contained herein is left to the discretion of the individua
9、l agency, which should determine their applicability to its proposed or existing operating practices and procedures. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compli
10、ance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these docum
11、ents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion o
12、f engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be supers
13、eded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in e
14、ffect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address lis
15、ted previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. v Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the foll
16、owing URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is cal
17、led to the possibility that implementation of this recommended practice may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this recommended practice, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is no
18、t responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or
19、in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this recommended practice are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained f
20、rom the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this recommended practice was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships Working Group had the following membership: Yuri Khersonsky, Chair Terry Ericsen, Vice Chair Paul Bishop, Sec
21、retary John Amy Michael Andrus Tom Baldwin Bart Bartolucci Nicholas Benavides Dushan Boroyevich Arvind Chaudhary David Clayton Robert Cuzner Charles Darnell Norbert Doerry Roger Dugal Lyndsay Garrett Herb Ginn Narain Hingorani Boris Jacobson Hans Krattiger Stephen Kuznetsov Steven Ly Earl MacDonald
22、Mohamed Maharsi Timothy J. McCoy Antonello Monti Michael Moodie Dev Paul Steven Pekarek Lynn Petersen Joseph Piff James Rockot Mike Roa George Robinson John Shegerian Donald Shmucker Karl Schoder Charles Smith Zareh Soghomonian Michael (Mischa) Steurer Giorgio Sulligoi Fabio Tosato Albert Tucker Pet
23、er Walsh Fei (Fred) Wang Jim Zgliczynskivi Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this recommended practice. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. John R. Barker Keith Chow Robert Cuzner Alireza Dane
24、shpooy Norbert Doerry Carlo Donati Garry Donner Randall Groves Lee Herron Narain Hingorani Werner Hoelzl Mohammed Islam Yuri Khersonsky Robert Konnik Saumen Kundu Benjamin Lanz G. Luri Earl MacDonald Homer Alan Mantooth William McBride Michael S. Newman Lorraine Padden Jiuping Pan Kevin Peterson Iul
25、ian Profir George Robinson Bartien Sayogo Robert Seitz Veselin Skendzic Charles Smith James Smith Jerry Smith Zareh Soghomonian Michael Steurer Albert Trucker Ahmed Zobaa When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this recommended practice on 17 June 2010, it had the following membership: Robert M. G
26、row, Chair Richard H. Hulett, Vice Chair Steve M. Mills, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Karen Bartleson Victor Berman Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Andy Drozd Alexander Gelman Jim Hughes Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Ronald C. Petersen
27、 Thomas Prevost Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis Siller Don Wright *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Michelle Turn
28、er IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Patricia Gerdon IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development vii Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Power electronics in MVDC power systems . 2 2. Normative referenc
29、es 3 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 4 3.1 Definitions . 4 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 4 4. MVDC power systems fundamentals . 5 4.1 MVDC functional diagram 5 4.2 Notional MVDC system 8 5. General MVDC requirements. 9 5.1 General 9 5.2 MVDC ratings . 10 5.3 Grounding 13 5.4 Impact of
30、 system grounding on corrosion . 14 5.5 Galvanic isolation 15 5.6 Stability 15 5.7 Efficiency 15 5.8 Quality of service (QoS) . 16 5.9 Quality of power 17 5.10 Protection and survivability. 18 5.11 Connection and disconnection of loads and generators . 19 5.12 Power management 22 6. Design and opera
31、tion requirements 24 6.1 MVDC architecture and modularity 24 6.2 Design considerations 25 6.3 Design for safety 26 7. Recommended studies and analyses. 27 7.1 General considerations. 27 7.2 Load flow with load factor studies 28 7.3 Quality of service studies. 29 7.4 Stability studies 29 7.5 Fault st
32、udies. 31 7.6 EMI/EMC studies 32 7.7 Transient over-voltage studies and insulation coordination. 33 7.8 Galvanic isolation studies 34 7.9 Additional specific issues studies 34 8. Testing, inspection, and preventive maintenance . 34 8.1 MVDC system testing . 34 8.2 Special MVDC testing. 35 8.3 Routin
33、e (production) tests 36 8.4 Tests after cables installation. 36 8.5 Emergency condition test 36 8.6 Inspections and preventative maintenance. 37 viii Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Annex A (informative) DC Power systems and stray currents management 38 Annex B (informative) Arc flash ener
34、gy mitigation methods 41 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 42 1 Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Recommended Practice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protect
35、ion. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all
36、 publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview This recommended pract
37、ice addresses specific aspects of shipboard medium-voltage DC (MVDC) power systems and defines recommended practice for applying contemporary technologies to convert and distribute shipboard electrical power with improved reliability, survivability, and power quality. It is not intended in any way t
38、o impede development of new or improved techniques. Target users for this recommended practice are evaluators and designers of electrical power systems for commercial marine and military applications, commercial and military ship end-users, shipbuilders, port operators, classification societies, mac
39、hinery and equipment manufacturers, research institutes, and universities. 1.1 Scope This recommended practice is based on current electrical engineering methods and practices for applying 1 kV to 35 kV MVDC power distribution and DC power delivery systems on ships. Recommendations are made for anal
40、ytical methods, preferred interconnection interfaces and performance characteristics for reliable integration of MVDC electrical components into the ship electrical power systems. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this document is to recommend a methodology for analysis and specifications parameters for 1
41、kV to 35 kV MVDC power systems on ships. It will describe impact of MVDC on all electrical IEEE Std 1709-2010 IEEE Recommended Practice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships 2 Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. components and will formulate requirements on proper interfac
42、es, sizing, life cycle cost, weight, efficiency and risk reduction of MVDC power systems implementation. It will compliment the IEEE Std 45-2002.11.3 Power electronics in MVDC power systems Recent successes in the development of fast switching medium-voltage power semiconductors made it possible to
43、realize such advantages of DC power distribution over AC as: Simplifying connection and disconnection of different types and sizes of power generation and storage devices. Reducing the size and ratings of switchgear. Eliminating large low-frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) transformers. Limiting and managin
44、g fault currents and enabling reconfiguration. Eliminating reactive voltage drop. Enabling bi-directional power flow. Reducing power system weight by using high speed generators. Enabling higher power ratings for a given cable size. Improving control of power flows, especially in transient and emerg
45、ency conditions. Reducing fuel consumption by allowing variable speed prime mover operation. Improving efficiency when energy storage and power conversion from batteries, fuel cells, and emergency generators is required. Eliminating the need for phase angle synchronization of multiple sources and lo
46、ads. Figure 1 illustrates a concept of the MVDC distribution power system in which every electrical power source and every electrical load are connected to the MVDC bus via power electronics. Figure 1 Concept of MVDC distribution power system NOTECB = circuit breaker, DCD = DC disconnect, HF = high
47、frequency21Information on normative references are found in Clause 2. 2Notes in text, tables, and figures of a standard are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement this recommended practice. IEEE Std 1709-2010 IEEE Recommended Practice for 1 kV to 35 kV Medium-
48、Voltage DC Power Systems on Ships 3 Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. The system shown in Figure 1 Xmay be expanded with redundant generators of large and small size, redundant storage systems of different kinds, two variable speed propulsion drives, etc., or there may be two redundant MVDC
49、systems. All loads requiring an independent ground should be connected to the medium-voltage DC bus via a means such as compact high frequency transformers. Converters will accommodate reactive power required for loads. To reduce the system size and weight, transformers between generators, propulsion motors and the DC bus may be eliminated. Furthermore, with the capability of power electronics to control and interrupt current, most load-side circuit breakers may be replaced by simple switches such as DC disconnect switches. In case of a
