1、BS ISO 6310:2009 ICS 43.040.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test methodsThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2009 BSI
2、 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 58912 6 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments BS ISO 6310:2009 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 6310:2009. It supersedes BS AU 142:1968 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Tech
3、nical Committee AUE/11, Braking systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a Br
4、itish Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS ISO 6310:2009Reference number ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6310 Third edition 2009-07-01 Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test methods Vhicules routiers Garnitures de freins Mthode dessai de la compr
5、essibilit BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer perfor
6、ming the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF
7、 file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Se
8、cretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in wr
9、iting from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedBS ISO 6
10、310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Symbols and units 2 5 Principles. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Test method A Coupon sample and/or airbrake pad 4 5.3 Test method B Hydraulic
11、 disc brake pad assembly. 4 6 Test apparatus 4 7 Test stand specifications. 5 7.1 Loading 5 7.2 Heated platen 5 7.3 Loading ram 5 8 Sampling 6 9 Test method. 6 9.1 General set-up. 6 9.2 Room temperature compressibility test. 6 9.3 Temperature transfer and thermal expansion measurements. 7 9.4 Hot co
12、mpressibility test . 7 10 Test device deflection compensation. 7 11 Verification of the test stand using reference samples 8 12 Test report . 8 Annex A (informative) Example test report 13 BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization f
13、or Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has th
14、e right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Internat
15、ional Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication
16、 as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
17、 ISO 6310 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 2, Braking systems and equipment. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6310:2001), which has been technically revised. BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v I
18、ntroduction The compressive response of a brake lining or pad is an important design parameter. It is useful for the evaluation of brake fluid displacement during a brake application, brake-pedal travel and the propensity of the brake for generating judder or noise. It is also part of the brake pad
19、characterization and a parameter for quality control. The purpose of the test methods described in this International Standard is to evaluate the compressive response or “compressibility” of friction materials or brake pad assemblies. The tests measure compressibility at ambient and elevated tempera
20、tures. During the elevated temperature portion of the test, the thermal transmission and response of the brake pad assembly are measured. BS ISO 6310:2009BS ISO 6310:2009 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1 Road vehicles Brake linings Compressive strain test method
21、s 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for test and measurement of the compressive displacement of brake linings or brake pad assemblies due to loading and temperature. It also provides a test method to assess lining thermal swell and growth. This International Standard applies to
22、disc brake pad assemblies or coupon samples cut from the friction material. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refere
23、nced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 611, Road vehicles Braking of automotive vehicles and their trailers Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 611 and the following apply. 3.1 compressibility C change in pad thi
24、ckness or deflection, caused by a uniaxial compression load during the final loading cycle, to the maximum test pressure, which is measured in the same direction as the compression force, perpendicular to the friction surface 3.2 compressive strain ratio of the reduction in thickness of the brake li
25、ning, due to the compression load, to its initial thickness, which is measured in the direction of the application force, perpendicular to the friction surface BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.3 deflection D net deflection of the sample as a result of the subtraction
26、 of the deflection of the apparatus itself from the total deflection measured by the apparatus D = D tot D appwhere D totis the total deflection measured by the apparatus; D appis the deflection of the apparatus itself 3.4 friction material contact area A 0measure of the area of friction material th
27、at carries the test load NOTE It is advisable that slots, chamfers and any other features be accounted for in determining A 0 . 3.5 hot compressibility C 400compressibility with a heated platen temperature of 400 C 3.6 temperature transfer T Ttemperature rise at the backing plate of a brake pad asse
28、mbly after the friction surface has been in contact with the heating plate at (400 10) C for a given period at a given pressure T T= T 3 T 2where T 3is the final temperature of the backing plate during the hot test; T 2is the initial temperature of the backing plate for the hot test 3.7 pad thermal
29、growth d Gpermanent change in thickness of the sample after the friction surface has been in contact with the heating plate at (400 10) C for a given period at a given pressure and then cooled down to room temperature 3.8 pad thermal swell d Schange in thickness of the sample after the friction surf
30、ace has been in contact with the heating plate at (400 10) C for a given period at a given pressure 4 Symbols and units Table 1 lists the symbols and corresponding units used in this International Standard. BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3 Table 1 Symbols and units Sy
31、mbol Definition Unit Accuracy A 0friction material contact area cm 20,5 cm 2C compressibility am 1 m C 400hot compressibility m 1 m d average thickness of coupon sample bmm 0,1 mm d Gpad growth or thermal expansion back at ambient temperature m 1 m d Spad swell or thermal expansion m 1 m D net defle
32、ction of test sample cm 1 m D appdeflection of the test apparatus itself at p Adm 1 m D tottotal deflection measured by the test apparatus at the maximum test pressure m 1 m F Bpre-load MPa e1 % fF Ptest load MPa e1 % fp A test pressure at sample contact area or unit area pressure gMPa e1 % fp Dsimu
33、lated hydraulic line pressure hMPa e1 % fT 1test temperature of the heating plate for hot test C 2 C T 2initial temperature of the backing plate for hot test C 2 C T 3final temperature of the backing plate during hot test C 2 C T Ttemperature transfer C 2 % pAcompressive strain at p Ai 0,000 2 aD at
34、 p D . Used in test method B. bAverage of five measurements. cD tot D app . dNo sample installed. e1 bar = 0,1 MPa. f1 % full-span accuracy. gTest method A. hTest method B. iD/d. Used in test method A. 5 Principles 5.1 General The test measures either: the compressive strain of a friction material c
35、oupon (test method A), or the compressive deflection of a brake pad assembly (test method B). Depending upon the type of sample, one of two alternative test methods is followed for applying the test load. Test results from test method A and test method B should not be directly compared. BS ISO 6310:
36、2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved5.2 Test method A Coupon sample and/or airbrake pad Test method A loads a sample coupon to the force required to achieve a unit-area pressure at the contact interface. Test method A can be used to assess pad materials for drum brake assemblies, com
37、mercial vehicle disc or drum brakes and material coupons for research and development purposes. For large pads used on a commercial vehicle, measure the compressive strain at the left and the right halves separately or use a segment cut in the radial direction. In other cases, sample sizes should be
38、 large enough to account for material not being homogeneous. Surfaces of coupon samples should be flat and parallel. Unless otherwise specified, report the compressive strain value, pA . 5.3 Test method B Hydraulic disc brake pad assembly Test method B loads the brake lining assembly to simulate a h
39、ydraulic line pressure of 10 MPa (100 bar) or 16 MPa (160 bar). NOTE In common practice, the line pressure is expressed in bar in order to differentiate it from the face pressure at the contact area. Test method B is typically used for passenger car and light truck hydraulic disc brake pad assemblie
40、s. Unless otherwise specified, report the compressive deflection or compressibility value, C, in m. 6 Test apparatus The test apparatus shall consist of the following. 6.1 Compressibility test-stand or uniaxial material-testing load frame to provide a uniform load over the surface of the test sample
41、. 6.2 Loading cylinder to simulate a calliper piston configuration for test method B; a loading ram surface larger than the sample contact area for test method A. 6.3 Compression platen. 6.4 Device to measure the applied compression force to an accuracy of 1 % of full-scale of the test apparatus. 6.
42、5 Gauge to measure the time-based deflection of the sample with an accuracy of 0,001 mm. Position the gauge on the loading cylinder or on the platen and in contact with the loading ram as near to its centre line as possible. 6.6 Recording device or computer to log load, pressure, displacements and t
43、emperatures as function of time. 6.7 Heating device to raise the temperature of the platen to a specified temperature. 6.8 Thermocouple (1,5 mm diameter recommended) to measure the temperature of the platen. The position of the thermocouple should be as close as possible to the centre line of the lo
44、ading ram and embedded 3 mm below the test surface of the platen. 6.9 Thermocouple or device to measure the temperature of the test sample. 6.10 Micrometer to measure sample thickness. BS ISO 6310:2009 ISO 6310:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5 7 Test stand specifications 7.1 Loading 7.1.1 Test
45、 method A Recommended maximum pressure and pressure ramp rates are listed in Table 2. When determining actual sample contact area and contact face pressure, remove the areas of any slots, chamfers and holes. Table 2 Maximum contact face pressure and ramp rates for test method A Type of brake assembl
46、y Maximum pressure at contact interface MPa Apply pressure ramp rate MPa/s Apply rate in crosshead speed control mm/min Commercial vehicle disc 8 a4,0 0,5 15 Commercial vehicle drum 5 2,5 0,5 10 Drum brake linings 3 1,5 0,5 6 aFor large pads, 5 MPa is an alternative pressure used. 7.1.2 Test method
47、B Apply a force corresponding to a simulated hydraulic line pressure of 10 MPa (100 bar) or 16 MPa (160 bar). The pressure used shall be clearly identified on the test report. The recommended loading rate is 8 MPa/s (80 bar/s) simulated line pressure when testing in constant loading rate control, or
48、 15 mm/min when testing in crosshead speed control. 7.2 Heated platen For the hot test, the test temperature of the heating plate, T 1 , on the surface shall be (400 10) C. 7.3 Loading ram 7.3.1 Test method A Coupon sample The face of the loading ram shall be flat and the periphery shall at least ci
49、rcumscribe the periphery of the sample in order to distribute the load uniformly over the surface (see Figure 1). To calculate the unit-area pressure, use the actual friction material area in contact with the mating face. For commercial vehicle (CV) pads, the standard loading ram is an annular piston shape with a 60 mm outer diameter and a 50 mm inner ring diameter. 7.3.2 Test method B Disc brake pad assembly A fixture representing a piston is
