1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8083:2006 Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirementsICS 65.060.80 BS ISO 8083:2006 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 27 February 2006
2、BSI 27 February 2006 ISBN 0 580 47914 5 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 8083:2006 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AGE/29, Forestry machinery, which has the responsibility to: A
3、 list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Corre
4、spondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not
5、of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments an
6、d promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issu
7、ed since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsReference number ISO 8083:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8083 Second edition 2006-01-15 Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements BS ISO 8083:2006 Matriel forestier Structures de pro
8、tection contre les chutes dobjets (FOPS) Essais de laboratoire et exigences de performance iiiii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Laboratory tests.2 4.1 Apparatus .2 4.2 Test conditions 2 4.3 Test procedure.4 5 Performance requi
9、rements .6 5.1 Protective properties.6 5.2 Additional ROPS requirements 6 5.3 Temperature and material requirements.6 6 Reporting results .7 Annex A (normative) Test report for ISO 8083 .8 BS ISO 8083:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
10、of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. I
11、nternational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with
12、 the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approva
13、l by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8083 was prepared by Technical Committee
14、ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 15, Machinery for forestry. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8083:1989), which has been technically revised. A new bolt and nut class as well as the 20 C temperature class for Charpy V-notc
15、h impact strength have been added. The normative references have been updated and the model test report modified to be more complete from the point of test laboratory accreditation. In addition, the text has been editorially rearranged for clarity. BS ISO 8083:2006v Introduction Special forestry mac
16、hinery needs a falling-object protective structure (FOPS) standard of its own. It is recognized that there are various classes and sizes of forestry machinery that operate in a variety of environmental conditions as well as variations in log size the machines are capable of handling. Therefore, two
17、alternative levels of acceptance criteria are given. BS ISO 8083:2006blank1 Machinery for forestry Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) Laboratory tests and performance requirements 1 Scope This International Standard establishes a consistent, reproducible means of evaluating characteristics
18、of falling-object protective structures (FOPS) under loading, and prescribes performance requirements for a representative specimen under such loading. It is applicable to mobile or self-propelled, specially designed forestry machines as defined in ISO 6814. NOTE Research work is being done to devel
19、op a test method and criteria for certain polycarbonate materials and constructions where the present requirement levels may not be adequate. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
20、 applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 148-1, Metallic materials Charpy pendulum impact test Part 1: Test method ISO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 1: Bolts, scr
21、ews and studs ISO 898-2:1992, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values Coarse thread ISO 3164, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume ISO 3411, Earth-moving machinery Human physical
22、dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope ISO 6814, Machinery for forestry Mobile and self-propelled machinery Terms, definitions and classification ISO 8082, Self-propelled machinery for forestry Roll-over protective structures Laboratory tests and performance requirements 3 Terms
23、 and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 falling-object protective structure FOPS system of structural members arranged in such a way as to provide operators with reasonable protection from falling objects (e.g. trees, rocks) BS ISO 8083:2006
24、2 3.2 deflection-limiting volume DLV orthogonal approximation of large, seated, male operator as defined in ISO 3411 wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet 3.3 roll-over protective structure ROPS system of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility of a seat-belte
25、d operator being crushed should the machine roll over NOTE These structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension or flexible shock absorber used to secure the system to the machine frame, but exclude mounting provisions that are integral with the machine fra
26、me. 4 Laboratory tests CAUTION Some of the tests specified in this International Standard involve the use of processes which could lead to a hazardous situation. 4.1 Apparatus 4.1.1 Standard laboratory drop test object, made of steel, as shown in Figure 1. 4.1.2 Means of raising the standard laborat
27、ory drop object to the required height. 4.1.3 Means of releasing the standard drop test object so that it drops without restraint. 4.1.4 Hard surface, of such firmness that it is not penetrated by the vehicle or test bed under the loading of the drop test. 4.1.5 Measuring device, to determine whethe
28、r the FOPS enters the deflection-limiting volume during the drop test. 4.2 Test conditions 4.2.1 DLV and its location The DLV and its location shall be in accordance with ISO 3164. The DLV should be fixed firmly to the same part of the machine as that to which the operators seat is secured, and shou
29、ld remain there during the entire formal test period. BS ISO 8083:20063 Dimensions in millimetres NOTE Dimensions d and l are optional, depending on the mass of the test object required to match the drop height that will provide the energy specified in 4.3.4. For example, for a drop test object mass
30、 of 227 kg: d 255 to 260 mm; l 583 to 585 mm. aMay be drilled and tapped for a lifting eye. Figure 1 Standard laboratory drop test object BS ISO 8083:20064 4.2.2 Measuring accuracy The accuracy of the measuring device (4.1.5) used to measure the deflection of the FOPS and of the energy applied to th
31、e FOPS shall be in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Measuring accuracy requirements Measurement Accuracy a Deflection of FOPS 5 % of maximum deflection measured or 1 mm Energy applied to FOPS 5 % of energy applied aThe percentages are nominal ratings of the accuracy of the instrumentation and shall
32、not be taken to indicate that compensating overtest is required. 4.2.3 Machine or test bed condition 4.2.3.1 The FOPS to be evaluated shall be attached to the machine structure as it would be in actual machine use. A complete machine is not required; however, the portion to which the FOPS is mounted
33、 shall be identical to the actual structure, and the vertical stiffness of any test bed used shall be not less than that of an actual machine as described in 4.2.3.2. 4.2.3.2 If the FOPS is mounted on a machine, the following requirements apply: there are no limitations on customary attachments and/
34、or payload; all suspension systems, including pneumatic tyres, shall be set at operating levels; variable suspensions shall be in the maximum stiffness range; all cab elements, such as normally removable windows, panels or non-structural fittings, shall be removed so that they do not contribute to t
35、he strength of the FOPS. 4.3 Test procedure 4.3.1 The test procedure shall consist of the operations given in 4.3.2 to 4.3.6, in the order listed. 4.3.2 Place the standard laboratory drop test object (4.1.1) on the FOPS top (small end down) at the location designated in 4.3.3. 4.3.3 The small end of
36、 the object shall be entirely within the vertical projection of the DLV, on the FOPS top. The centre of the object shall be at a point which depends on whether major, upper, horizontal members of the FOPS do or do not enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS, as follows
37、. a) Case 1: When major, upper, horizontal members of FOPS do not enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS. The centre of the drop test object shall be at that point which has the greatest possible sum of perpendicular distances (x y in Figure 2) from the major, upper,
38、horizontal structural members. b) Case 2: When major, upper, horizontal members of FOPS do enter the vertical projection of the DLV on the upper part of the FOPS. 1) Where the covering material of all the surface areas above the operator is the same but of unknown thickness, the centre of the drop t
39、est object shall be in the surface of greatest area. This area is the BS ISO 8083:20065 projected area of the DLV without major, upper, horizontal members. The centre of the drop test object shall be at that point, within the surface of greatest area, which has the greatest possible sum of perpendic
40、ular distances (x y in Figure 2) from the major, upper, horizontal structural members. 2) Where different materials are used in different areas above the operator, each area in turn shall be subjected to a drop test. 4.3.4 Raise the drop test object vertically to a height above the position indicate
41、d in 4.3.2 and 4.3.3 to develop an energy of 5 800 J or 11 600 J based on the mass of an object shaped as shown in Figure 1. Two energy levels are given: national authorities may choose the level of requirement according to local conditions such as log size, etc. The drop test object shall be aimed
42、to impact at a location on the FOPS to produce the maximum deflection. 4.3.5 Release the drop test object so that it falls freely onto the FOPS. 4.3.6 As it is unlikely that the free fall will result in the drop test object hitting at the location and/or in the attitude of 4.3.2 and 4.3.3, the limit
43、s given in 4.3.6.1 to 4.3.6.3 are placed on deviations. 4.3.6.1 The initial impact of the small end of the drop test object shall be entirely within a circle of 200 mm radius (the centre of this circle is to coincide with the vertical centre line of the drop test object as positioned according to 4.
44、3.2 and 4.3.3) but not on any major, upper, horizontal member. 4.3.6.2 The first contact between the drop test object and the FOPS shall only be along the small end of the drop test object and/or the radius contiguous to that end (see Figure 1). 4.3.6.3 There is no limitation on location or attitude
45、 of subsequent impacts due to rebound. Key 1 small end of drop test object 2 vertical projection of DLV 3 major, upper, horizontal member Figure 2 Drop test impact points BS ISO 8083:20066 5 Performance requirements 5.1 Protective properties The protective properties of the FOPS system shall be esti
46、mated by the ability of the cabin or protective structure to retain its safety zone intact after the impact. The DLV as defined in 3.2 and specified in 4.2.1 shall not be entered by any part of the protective structure under the first or subsequent impact of the drop test object. If the drop test ob
47、ject penetrates the DLV, the FOPS shall be deemed to have failed. 5.2 Additional ROPS requirements Where the structure is intended to fulfil both ROPS and FOPS requirements, it shall also meet the performance requirements for the appropriate ROPS as given in ISO 8082. Where roll-over protection is n
48、ot required, a different structure may be used to support the FOPS as long as the DLV is not entered in the test. Should the same structure be used for both ROPS and FOPS evaluations, the drop test procedure shall precede the ROPS loading. The removal of impact dents or replacement of the FOPS is pe
49、rmitted. The indicated volume of a ROPS and FOPS having four or more vertical members need not entirely enclose the DLV. Nor is it intended that a simple (two-post) frame be excluded as either a FOPS or ROPS. 5.3 Temperature and material requirements 5.3.1 General The laboratory evaluations should be performed with FOPS and machine frame members soaked to temperature of 18 C or below. If the evaluations are not performed at
