1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8543:1998 Textile floor coverings Methodsfor determination of mass ICS 59.080.60BSISO8543:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Sector Board forMaterials and Chemicals, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into e
2、ffect on 15 July 1998 BSI 05-1999 ISBN 0 580 30079 X National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO8543:1998 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/3, Textile floor coverings, which has the resp
3、onsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A
4、list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “Internat
5、ional Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Bri
6、tish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have h
7、ad amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO8543:1998 BSI 05-1999 i Contents Page National foreword Inside front cover Foreword iii Text of ISO 8543 1ii blankBSISO8543:1998 ii BSI0
8、5-1999 Contents Page Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 1 5 Number of specimens 1 6 Determination of total mass per unit area 1 7 Determination of total pile mass per unit area 2 8 Determination of mass of pile per unit area abov
9、e the substrate 3 9 Calculation of measured surface pile density and measured pile fibre volume ratio 4BSISO8543:1998 BSI 05-1999 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing In
10、ternational Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison w
11、ith ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as
12、an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 8543 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 12, Textile floor coverings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8543:
13、1986) of which it is a minor revision. See particularly 8.1 and 9.1 which have been augmented. Descriptors: Textiles, floor coverings, textile floor coverings, tests, determination, mass, mass measurement.iv blankBSISO8543:1998 BSI 05-1999 1 1 Scope This International Standard specifies methods for
14、the determination of the total mass per unit area, total pile mass per unit area, and mass of pile per unit area above the substrate, and for the calculation of measured surface pile density and measured pile fibre volume ratio, of textile floor coverings. 2 Normative references The following standa
15、rds contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to i
16、nvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 139:1973, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 1765:1986, Machine-made textile floor
17、coverings Determination of thickness. ISO 1766:1986, Carpets Determination of thickness of pile above the substrate. ISO 1957:1986, Machine-made textile floor coverings Sampling and cutting specimens for physical tests. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following defi
18、nitions apply. 3.1 constant mass the mass attained when successive weighings at hourly intervals over a period of 3h do not vary by more than 1% 3.2 total pile mass per unit area the mass of the pile yarn in a unit area, including that forming the base of the tufts or held in the substrate but exclu
19、ding any backing compound adhering to the pile yarn, determined in equilibrium with the standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing described in clause 4 3.3 measured surface pile density the ratio of mass to volume of the pile above the substrate measured under a pressure of 2,0kPa 1) 3.4 meas
20、ured pile fibre volume ratio the proportion of the volume of the pile actually occupied by fibre 4 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing The specimens shall be conditioned and the test conducted in one of the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing textiles specified in ISO139. 5 Number
21、of specimens The number of specimens for each determination in accordance with clauses 6, 7 and 8 shall be sufficient to give95% confidence limits of 6%. Four specimens shall be tested initially and if the coefficient of variation (CV) calculated from these tests is4%, then further specimens shall b
22、e tested as follows: if 4% 7%, test a further eight specimens (totaltwelve). NOTEConfidence limits = where 6 Determination of total mass per unitarea 6.1 Field of application The method is applicable to textile floor coverings including those with varying pile height or density. It can be used prior
23、 to, and in conjunction with, the methods specified in clauses 7 and 8, with which it is compatible. 6.2 Principle The mass of a measured area of textile floor coverings is determined in its entirety. 6.3 Apparatus 6.3.1 Sharp pointed knife. 6.3.2 Rule, graduated in millimetres. 6.3.3 Balance, accur
24、ate to 0,01g. 1) 1 kPa = 10 3N/m 2 t is the appropriate value for Students t-test; n is the number of specimens tested. t CV n - BSISO8543:1998 2 BSI 05-1999 6.4 Specimens Select the specimens according to the standard procedure specified in ISO1957. Cut out, using the sharp knife, at least four rec
25、tangular specimens, each atleast200mm 200mm, with the sides parallel with, and at right angles to, the machine production direction. NOTEMore than four specimens may be required in order to achieve the desired confidence limits (see clause 5). 6.5 Preparation of specimens Lay the specimens out flat,
26、 singly and with the use-surface uppermost in the atmosphere for conditioning and testing described in clause 4, until they reach constant mass as defined in 3.1. 6.6 Procedure 6.6.1 Determine the mass, m, in grams, of each specimen to the nearest 0,01g. 6.6.2 Measure the length and width of each sp
27、ecimen on the back, to the nearest millimetre, each in four places. 6.7 Expression of results For each specimen, calculate the average length and width, in millimetres, and multiply these to obtain the area, A, in square millimetres. For each specimen, calculate the total mass per unit area, in gram
28、s per square metre, using the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation (CV) and, if necessary, test further specimens according to clause 5. Calculate the mean and CV of all the results. 6.8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) that the procedure was conducte
29、d in accordance with clause6 of this International Standard; b) the identity (source and type) of the sample from which the specimens were taken, and whether it was of varying pile height or density; c) the standard atmosphere used for conditioning and testing; d) the number of specimens tested; e)
30、the total mass per unit area of each specimen, in grams per square metre; f) the mean total mass per unit area, in grams per square metre, and the overall coefficient of variation. 7 Determination of total pile mass per unit area 7.1 Field of application The method is applicable to textile floor cov
31、erings with uniform or varying pile height or density, but is not appropriate for those where backing compound has been applied to the tufts. It can be used in conjunction with the method specified in clause 6, with which it is compatible. 7.2 Principle A known area of the textile floor coverings is
32、 weighed and dissected completely. The pile yarn is separated from the other components and is weighed separately. NOTEFor the definition of total pile mass per unit area, see3.2. 7.3 Apparatus 7.3.1 Sharp pointed knife. 7.3.2 Rule, graduated in millimetres. 7.3.3 Balance, accurate to 0,01g. 7.3.4 D
33、issecting needles and forceps. 7.4 Specimens Select specimens according to the standard procedure specified in ISO1957. Cut out, using the sharp pointed knife, at least four square specimens, each atleast200mm 200mm, selected at random from the area available. Trim them so that each side of each spe
34、cimen is formed by a complete row of pile or line of stitches. Measure the length and width at four places on the back of each specimen, to the nearest millimetre. NOTEMore than four specimens may be required in order to achieve the desired degree of accuracy (see clause 5). 7.5 Procedure 7.5.1 With
35、 the needle and forceps, carefully remove all the yarn forming tufts and collect it together for each specimen. NOTEIn analysing multi-frame Wilton carpets, treat buried pile yarn from dead frames as pile yarn, irrespective of whether it forms tufts in the specimen under examination or not. 7.5.2 Co
36、ndition the tufts and buried pile (ifpresent) in the atmosphere for conditioning and testing specified in clause 4, until they reach constant mass as defined in 3.1. 7.5.3 Determine the mass m, in grams, of the conditioned yarn forming tufts and of the buried pile (if present) to the nearest 0,01g.
37、NOTEIn some multi-frame Wilton carpets, the buried pile yarn may be of a different composition from the working pile. If this is so in the specimen under test, determine the mass of the buried pile separately from that of the working pile. 10 6 m A - BSISO8543:1998 BSI 05-1999 3 7.6 Expression of re
38、sults Calculate the area A, of each specimen, in square millimetres. Then calculate the total pile per unit area, in grams per square metre, for each specimen, using the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation (CV) and, if necessary, test further specimens according to clause 5. Calculate the
39、 mean and CV of all the results. 7.7 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) that the test procedure was conducted in accordance with clause 7 of this International Standard; b) the identity (source and type) of the sample from which the specimens were taken, and whet
40、her it was of varying pile height or density; c) the standard atmosphere used for conditioning and testing; d) the number of specimens tested; e) the total pile mass per unit area, in grams per square metre, for each specimen; f) the mean total pile mass in grams per square metre and the overall coe
41、fficient of variation; g) if, in a multi-frame Wilton carpet, the buried pile is of a different composition from the working pile, state this fact and report the buried pile mass separately from that of the working pile. 8 Determination of mass of pile per unit area above the substrate 8.1 Field of
42、application This method is applicable to textile floor coverings with a pile of cut and/or looped yarn, and may be used for textile floor coverings with varying pile height or density. It may be used in conjunction with the methods specified in clauses 6 and 9, and in ISO1766, on the same specimens.
43、 NOTEDifficulties have been experienced when using this method for bonded-pile textile floor coverings, textile floor coverings with needled-pile and flocked-pile textile floor coverings, because of the problems of determining a suitable end point when shearing these products. The results obtained f
44、rom such products should therefore be treated with caution. 8.2 Principle The masses of specimens of textile floor coverings of known dimensions are determined before and after the pile has been shorn. 8.3 Apparatus 8.3.1 Sharp pointed knife. 8.3.2 Balance, accurate to 0,01g. 8.3.3 Rule, graduated i
45、n millimetres. 8.3.4 Bank knife machine or hand-held clippers, capable of shearing the pile close to the substrate. NOTE 1The particulars of the shearing machine and details of its operation should be agreed between the interested parties. NOTE 2The results from the two types of apparatus may not be
46、 identical. 8.3.5 Press and cutter, or other apparatus, either circular or square, of known areas A 2 , not less than25000mm 2 . 8.4 Specimens Select specimens according to the standard procedure specified in ISO1957. Cut out, using the sharp pointed knife, at least four specimens, each at least 200
47、mm 200mm, with the sides parallel with, and at right angles to, the direction of manufacture. NOTEMore than four specimens may be required in order to achieve the desired degree of accuracy (see clause 5). 8.5 Preparation of specimens Lay the specimens out flat, singly and with the use-surface upper
48、most in the atmosphere for conditioning and testing described in clause 4, until they reach constant mass as defined in 3.1. 8.6 Procedure 8.6.1 Determine the mass of each specimen, m 1 , in grams, to the nearest 0,01g. 8.6.2 Measure the length and width, in millimetres, each in four places, on the
49、back of each specimen, to the nearest 1mm. 8.6.3 Shear the pile from the specimen. When using a band knife machine, keep on repeating the process with the roller being set progressively lower until it is as low as possible without damaging the substrate. At each setting, insert the specimen into the machine several times, each time in a different direction. After each process, brush the pile upright. When using clippers, use forward strokes in all directions. Shear as close as possible to the substrate by running the points of the comb and c
