1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 Information technology Radio frequency identification device performance test methods Part 2: Test methods for interrogator performanceBS ISO/IEC 18046
2、-2:2011 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011. Together with BS ISO/IEC 18046-1 (in preparation) and BS ISO/IEC 18046-3, it will supersede BS ISO/IEC 18046:2006, which will be withdrawn upon publication of BS ISO/IEC 18046-1. The UK
3、 participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provi
4、sions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 74880 6 ICS 35.040 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee
5、on 31 May 2011. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011Reference number ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 18046-2 First edition 2011-03-15 Information technology Radio frequency identification device performance test methods Part
6、 2: Test methods for interrogator performance Technologies de linformation Mthodes dessai des performances du dispositif didentification par radiofrquence Partie 2: Mthodes dessai des performances de linterrogateur BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may cont
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11、 of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved
12、iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 2 5 Conditions applicable to the test methods.2 5.1 Number of interrogator to be tested2 5.2 Test environment.2 5.3 RF environment .3 5.4 Pre-conditioning 3 5.5 Def
13、ault tolerance .3 5.6 Total measurement uncertainty .3 5.7 Test result reporting3 5.8 Test communication parameters.3 5.9 Test equipment limits3 5.10 Human exposure to EMF 3 6 Setup of test equipment for interrogator test.4 6.1 Test apparatus and test circuits for ISO/IEC 18000-3 interrogators 4 6.2
14、 Test apparatus and test circuits for ISO/IEC 18000-6 interrogators 4 6.3 Test apparatus and test circuits for ISO/IEC 18000-7 interrogators 4 7 Functional tests for inductive interrogators as defined in ISO/IEC 18000-2 and ISO/IEC 18000-3 .6 7.1 Interrogator Sensitivity in Listen Mode (Receiving Mo
15、de)6 7.2 Interference rejection (I Rejection ).7 7.3 Maximum Electromagnetic field exposure (MEexposure)9 7.4 Ratio between field radiated and power consumption9 7.5 Field strength distribution10 8 Functional tests for interrogators as defined in ISO/IEC 18000-611 8.1 General .11 8.2 Inductive UHF i
16、nterrogators.11 9 Functional tests for 433,920 MHz propagative interrogators as defined in ISO/IEC 18000-712 9.1 Identification electromagnetic field threshold (E THR Identification ) and frequency tolerance.12 9.2 Reading/Writing electromagnetic field threshold (E THR Read/Write ) and frequency tol
17、erance13 9.3 Sensitivity Directivity (S Directivity ).15 9.4 Interference rejection (I Rejection ).17 9.5 Maximum operating electromagnetic field (E Max Operating ) .18 9.6 Survival electromagnetic field (E Survival ) 20 Bibliography22 BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) iv ISO/IEC 2011
18、All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Stand
19、ards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and
20、IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee i
21、s to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the poss
22、ibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 18046-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automa
23、tic identification and data capture techniques. This first edition of ISO/IEC 18046-2, together with ISO/IEC 18046-1 and ISO/IEC 18046-3, will cancel and replace ISO/IEC 18046:2006. ISO/IEC 18046 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Radio frequency identifi
24、cation device performance test methods: Part 1: Test methods for system performance Part 2: Test methods for interrogator performance Part 3: Test methods for tag performance BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction Radio frequency identification
25、 (RFID) technology has broad applicability to the automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) industry in item management. As a wireless communication technique based on radio frequency technology, the applications cover multiple levels of the industrial, commercial and retail supply chains. Th
26、ese can include freight containers, returnable transport items (RTI), transport units, product packaging, and product tagging. Performance tests define test methods that deliver results that allow the comparison of different RFID systems, interrogator and tags in order to select among them for use i
27、n a particular application. The performance characteristics of devices (tags and interrogation equipment) can vary drastically due to application factors as well as the particular RFID air interface (frequency, modulation, protocol, etc.) being supported. Of key concern is the matching of the variou
28、s performance characteristics to the user application. Additionally, in an open environment, users of such technology demand multiple sources for these devices from technology providers. A key challenge is a method of evaluating the differences between various technology providers products in a cons
29、istent and equitable manner. This part of ISO/IEC 18046 provides a framework for meeting the above noted concern and challenges. To this end, clear definitions of performance as related to user application of RFID technology in the supply chain are provided. Based on such application-based definitio
30、ns, test methods are defined with attention to the test parameters required for a consistent evaluation of RFID devices. Of particular significance, these tests are defined for RFID devices having one antenna. It is common practice to have products with both single and multiple antennas to define an
31、 RFID transaction zone sufficient for the application. The defined test methods used are for a single antenna, but can equivalently be extended to equipment with multiple antennas, in order to evaluate performance under conditions more closely matching those of a particular application. However care
32、 must be exercised in multiple-antenna measurement since multiple antennas can cause antenna-to-antenna interactions, physical packaging limitations, mutual coupling issues, shadowing issues, directivity issues and other impacts, even with respect to interrogators since these can be limited in size,
33、 shape, and mounting method for many RFID applications. BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 1Information technology Radio frequency identification device performance test methods Part 2: Test methods for inter
34、rogator performance 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 18046 defines test methods for performance characteristics of RFID interrogators for item management, and specifies the general requirements and test requirements for interrogators which are applicable to the selection of the devices for an applicatio
35、n. The summary of the test reports form a unified tag datasheet. It does not apply to testing in relation to regulatory or similar requirements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition ci
36、ted applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 18000-2, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 2: Parameters for air interface communications below 135 kHz ISO/IEC 18000-3, Informa
37、tion technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz ISO/IEC 18000-6, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 6: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz ISO
38、/IEC 18000-7, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 7: Parameters for active air interface communications at 433 MHz ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts), Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary ETSI EN 30
39、0 330-1, Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment in the frequency range 9 kHz to 25 MHz and inductive loop systems in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods ETSI EN 300 330-2, Electroma
40、gnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment in the frequency range 9 kHz to 25 MHz and inductive loop systems in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz Part 2: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive 4
41、7CFR15, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47Telecommunications, Chapter IFederal Communications Commission Part 15: Radio frequency devices, http:/www.fcc.gov/oet/info/rules/ BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes o
42、f this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts) apply. 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms H THRIdentificationidentification magnetic field threshold H THRReadreading magnetic field threshold H THRWritewriting magnetic field threshold H maxmaximum operating magnetic field H
43、 Survivalsurvival magnetic field Lm Load Modulation E THRIdentificationidentification electromagnetic field threshold E THRReadreading electromagnetic field threshold E THRWritewriting electromagnetic field threshold S Degradationsensitivity degradation E maxmaximum operating electromagnetic field E
44、 Survivalsurvival electromagnetic field DUT device under test I Rejectioninterference rejection G antenna gain D Distance between the tag and the antenna MPE Maximum Permissible human Exposure SAR Specific Absorption Rate 5 Conditions applicable to the test methods 5.1 Number of interrogator to be t
45、ested Unless otherwise specified, testing shall be performed on 5 randomly chosen interrogators among a population of 20 functional interrogators. 5.2 Test environment Unless otherwise specified, testing shall take place in air environment of temperature 23 C 3 C (73 F 5 F) and of relative humidity
46、within the range of 40 % to 60 %. BS ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011 ISO/IEC 18046-2:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 35.3 RF environment The tests shall be performed in a known RF environment. For measurements of propagative UHF interrogators (ISO/IEC 18000-6, ISO/IEC 18000-7) an anechoic chamber is t
47、he recommended test environment. For measurement of inductive interrogators a typical laboratory environment is sufficient, where consideration is given to minimize the impact of electromagnetic sources that may influence the results. 5.4 Pre-conditioning Where pre-conditioning is required by the te
48、st method, the identification interrogators to be tested shall be conditioned to the test environment for a period of 24 hours before testing. 5.5 Default tolerance Unless otherwise specified, a default tolerance of 5 % shall be applied to the quantity values given to specify the characteristics of
49、the test equipment (e.g. linear dimensions) and the test method procedures (e.g. test equipment adjustments). 5.6 Total measurement uncertainty The total measurement uncertainty for each quantity determined by these test methods shall be stated in the test report. NOTE Basic information is given in ISO/IEC Guide 98-3. 5.7 Test result reporting Each test result shall be reported with the number of samples, minimum value, maximum value, mean value and standard deviation. For me
