1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013 Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 2: Vocabulary and terminologyBS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013.
2、The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/70, Sensor Networks. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are
3、responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013 ISBN 978 0 580 72476 3 ICS 35.110 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the
4、Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2013. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013 Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology Technologies de linformation Rseaux de capteu
5、rs: Architecture de rfrence pour rseaux de capteurs Partie 2: Vocabulaire et terminologie ISO/IEC 2013 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-2 First edition 2013-06-01 Reference number ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E)BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E)ii ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT P
6、ROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permissi
7、on. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandBS ISO/IEC 291
8、82-2:2013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 2.1 General . 1 2.2 Reference architecture . 2 2.3 Communications and networking 2 2.4 Data and information processing 3 2.5 Interfaces . 4 2.6 Secu
9、rity and privacy . 4 2.7 Provision of service . 5 2.8 Others 5 Annex A (informative) Alphabetical index . 7 Bibliography .10BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form th
10、e specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC techn
11、ical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. In
12、ternational Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for v
13、oting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying an
14、y or all such patent rights. This part of ISO/IEC 29182 was prepared by joint technical committee ISO/IEC JTC 1. ISO/IEC 29182 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA): Part 1: General overview and r
15、equirements Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology Part 3: Reference architecture views Part 4: Entity models Part 5: Interface definitions Part 7: Interoperability guidelines The following part is under preparation: Part 6: Applicationsiv ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013ISO/IEC 2
16、9182-2:2013(E) Introduction A wide range of applications has been proposed for sensor networks. In practice, however, sensor networks have been built and deployed for a relatively small number of applications. This is partly due to the lack of a business case for certain applications and partly due
17、to technical challenges in building a non-trivial sensor network of reasonable complexity. The main reason for this impediment is that multi- disciplinary expertise such as sensors, communications and networking, signal processing, electronics, computing, and cyber security is required to design a s
18、ensor network. Presently, the design process is so complex that one can leverage little from one sensor network design to another. It appears as if one has to start from almost scratch every time one wishes to design and deploy a sensor network. Yet, upon closer inspection, there are many commonalit
19、ies in instantiations of sensor networks that realize various applications. These commonalities include similarities in the choice of network architecture and the entities/functional blocks that are used in the architecture. The purpose of the ISO/IEC 29182 series is to provide guidance to facilitat
20、e the design and development of sensor networks, improve interoperability of sensor networks, and make sensor networks plug-and-play, so that it becomes fairly easy to add/remove sensor nodes to/from an existing sensor network. The ISO/IEC 29182 series can be used by sensor network designers, softwa
21、re developers, and service providers to meet customer requirements, including any applicable interoperability requirements. The ISO/IEC 29182 series comprises seven parts. Brief descriptions of these parts are given next, followed by an introduction to Part 4. ISO/IEC 29182-1 provides a general over
22、view and the requirements for the sensor network reference architecture. This part of ISO/IEC 29182 provides definitions for the terminology and vocabulary used in the reference architecture. ISO/IEC 29182-3 presents the reference architecture from various viewpoints, such as business, operational,
23、system, technical, functional, and logical views. ISO/IEC 29182-4 categorizes the entities comprising the reference architecture into two classes of physical and functional entities and presents models for the entities. ISO/IEC 29182-5 provides detailed information on the interfaces among various en
24、tities in the reference architecture. ISO/IEC 29182-6 provides detailed information on the development of International Standardized Profiles. ISO/IEC 29182-7 provides design principles for the reference architecture that take the interoperability requirements into account. There are no requirements
25、 for compliance in ISO/IEC 29182-1 to ISO/IEC 29182-7. Users should ensure that the sensor nodes, and the related sensor network, are compliant with the application or deployment governing body. ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013Information technology Se
26、nsor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 29182 is intended to facilitate the development of international standards in sensor networks. It presents terms and definitions for selected concepts relevant to the field of
27、sensor networks. It establishes a general description of concepts in this field and identifies the relationships among those concepts. It may also be used as guidance for development of other parts of ISO/IEC 29182 and any other sensor network related standard. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons For the pur
28、poses of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 General 2.1.1 actuator device that provides a physical output in response to an input signal in a predetermined way 2.1.2 backbone network network that connects to sensor network gateways through different access networks to tran
29、smit information from sensor network to service provider or user Note 1 to entry: The Internet is one example of backbone networks. 2.1.3 entity unit having distinct set of attributes and connected to other unit(s) defined in the sensor network reference architecture 2.1.4 personal area network netw
30、ork consisting of sensor nodes, communication devices, or networked peripheral devices all in the vicinity of a person 2.1.5 sensor device that observes and measures a physical property of a natural phenomenon or man-made process and converts that measurement into a signal Note 1 to entry: Signal ca
31、n be electrical, chemical, etc. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) 2.1.6 sensor network system of spatially distributed sensor nodes interacting with each other and, depending on applications, possibly with
32、 other infrastructure in order to acquire, process, transfer, and provide information extracted from its environment with a primary function of information gathering and possible control capability Note 1 to entry: Distinguishing features of a sensor network can include wide area coverage, use of ra
33、dio networks, flexibility of purpose, self-organization, openness, and providing data for multiple applications. 2.1.7 sensor network gateway sensor network element that connects a sensor network to another network with different architectures or protocols, permitting information exchange between th
34、em Note 1 to entry: Sensor network gateway functionalities may include address or protocol translation. 2.1.8 sensor node sensor network element that includes at least one sensor and, optionally actuators with communication capabilities and data processing capabilities Note 1 to entry: It may includ
35、e additional application capabilities. 2.2 Reference architecture 2.2.1 reference architecture framework that provides common features collected from different types of sensor networks not only to provide developmental guidelines and reuse but also to describe the interrelations and interactions amo
36、ng the entities in a sensor network and possibly between sensor networks 2.2.2 sensor network application use case of sensor networks, which provides a set of functions to users to meet defined requirements EXAMPLE Monitoring forests to detect natural fires; monitoring seismic activity; monitoring p
37、ollution levels in environment. 2.2.3 sensor network service set of functionalities offered by individual sensor network elements or the sensor network EXAMPLE Generating an alarm signal if the measurement made at a sensor exceeds or drops out of certain prescribed range; providing average sensor me
38、asurements over a given geographic area. 2.2.4 sensor network service provider agent that offers sensor network services to users 2.3 Communications and networking 2.3.1 Protocol stack 2.3.1.1 application layer layer that provides means for the application processes to access the OSI environment SOU
39、RCE: ISO/IEC 2382-26:1993 Note 1 to entry: This layer provides means for the application processes to exchange data and it contains the application-oriented protocols by which these processes communicate.2 ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) 2.3.1.2 data li
40、nk layer layer that provides services to transfer data between network layer entities, usually in adjacent nodes SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-26:1993 Note 1 to entry: The data link layer detects and possibly corrects errors that may occur in the physical layer. 2.3.1.3 media access control data link sublaye
41、r that is responsible for transferring data to and from the physical layer SOURCE: ISO/IEC 8802-3:2000 Note 1 to entry: It provides channel access control mechanisms that make it possible for several sensor nodes to communicate within a sensor network that incorporates a shared medium. 2.3.1.4 netwo
42、rk layer layer that provides for the entities in the transport layer the means for transferring blocks of data, by routing and switching through the network between the open systems in which those entities reside SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-26:1993 Note 1 to entry: The network layer may use intermediate sy
43、stems. Note 2 to entry: Network layer intermediate systems are commonly referred to as “routers” and may be used to perform network layer routing of communications between nodes. 2.3.1.5 physical layer layer that provides the mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural means to establish, mai
44、ntain and release physical connections for transfer of bits over a transmission medium SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-26:1993 2.3.1.6 transport layer layer that provides a reliable end-to-end data transfer service SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2382-26:1993 Note 1 to entry: Under specific conditions, the transport layer may
45、 improve the service provided by the network layer. 2.3.2 Basic functions 2.3.2.1 relaying process of receiving data from a sensor network element and retransmitting it for the purpose of extending the communication range 2.3.2.2 routing process of establishing paths, between a source and a destinat
46、ion, over which packets flow 2.4 Data and information processing 2.4.1 information structured data concerning objects, such as facts, events, things, processes, or ideas, including concepts, that within a certain context has a particular meaning ISO/IEC 2013 All rights reserved 3BS ISO/IEC 29182-2:2
47、013ISO/IEC 29182-2:2013(E) 2.4.2 aggregation process of combining data from various sources 2.4.3 collaborative information processing form of information processing in which multiple sensor network elements collaborate, in order to enhance efficiency and improve the quality and reliability of the o
48、utput 2.4.4 fusion deriving information by processing data from various sources Note 1 to entry: Such data may be sensed data, aggregation of sensor data, or other processed data. 2.5 Interfaces 2.5.1 data interface specification of data type and exchange protocol used on a physical interface 2.5.2
49、physical interface mechanical, electrical, electromagnetic and/or optical interface Note 1 to entry: A physical interface may, for example, be defined between two devices such as a sensor, an actuator, and a sensor network element or between a device and a cable. 2.5.3 sensor interface set of software and hardware functionalities used to attach sensors to a sensor node, which may be physical interfaces or data interfaces or both 2.6 Security and privacy 2.6.1 authentication act of verifying the claimed
