1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016 Information technology Data centres Key performance indicators Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF)BS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016. The UK participatio
2、n in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/46, Sustainability for, and by IT. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are respo
3、nsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 86886 3 ICS 35.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Stand
4、ards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016 Information technology Data centres Key performance indicators Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF) Technologies de linformation Centres de donnes
5、Indicateurs de performance cls Partie 3: Facteur dnergie renouvelable (REF) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 30134-3 Reference number ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) First edition 2016-04-15 ISO/IEC 2016 BS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016ii ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2016, Publ
6、ished in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permis
7、sion can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E)BS ISO/I
8、EC 30134-3:2016ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms, definitions, abbr e viat ed t erms and s ymbols . 1 3.1 Terms and definitions . 1 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2 3.3 Symbols . 2 4 Relevance of renewable energy factor (REF) 2 5 Determination o
9、f renewable energy factor (REF) . 3 6 Measurement of renewable energy factor (REF) 3 7 Directions for use of renewable energy factor (REF) . 4 8 Reporting of renewable energy factor (REF) 4 Annex A (informative) Renewable energy factor and authorities issuing a renewable ener gy c ertificat e . 5 An
10、nex B (informative) Examples of renewable energy factor calculation 7 Annex C (informative) Renewable energy factor calculation as a summation of the usage of renewable energy in different time intervals .10 Bibliography .11 ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016IS
11、O/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International St
12、andards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO a
13、nd IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particu
14、lar the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this doc
15、ument may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see w
16、ww.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence t
17、o the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 39, Sustainability for and by Information Technology. ISO/I
18、EC 30134 consists of the following parts, under general title Information technology Data centres Key performance indicators: Part 1: Overview and general requirements Part 2: Power usage effectiveness (PUE) Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF) The following parts are under preparation: Part 4: IT
19、equipment energy efficiency for servers (ITEEsv) Part 5: IT equipment utilization for servers (ITEUsv)iv ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) Introduction The global economy is now reliant on information and communication technologies and the associated gene
20、ration, transmission, dissemination, computation and storage of digital data. All markets have experienced exponential growth in that data, for social, educational and business sectors and, while the internet backbone carries the traffic, there are a wide variety of data centres at nodes and hubs wi
21、thin both private enterprise and shared/collocation facilities. The historical data generation growth rate exceeds the capacity growth rate of the information and communications technology hardware and, with less than half (in 2014) of the worlds population having access to an internet connection, t
22、hat growth in data can only accelerate. In addition, with many governments having “digital agendas” to provide both citizens and businesses with ever-faster broadband access, the very increase in network speed and capacity will, by itself, generate ever more usage (Jevons Paradox). Data generation a
23、nd the consequential increase in data manipulation and storage are directly linked to increasing power consumption. With this background, it is clear that data centre growth, and power consumption in particular, is an inevitable consequence and that growth will demand increasing power consumption de
24、spite the most stringent energy efficiency strategies. This makes the need for key performance indicators (KPIs) that cover the effective use of resources (including but not limited to energy) and the reduction of CO 2emissions essential. Within the ISO/IEC 30134 series, the term “resource usage eff
25、ectiveness” is more generally used for KPIs in preference to “resource usage efficiency”, which is restricted to situations where the input and output parameters used to define the KPI have the same units. In order to determine the overall resource effectiveness or efficiency of a data centre, a hol
26、istic suite of metrics is required. This part of ISO/IEC 30134 specifies the renewable energy factor (REF) which provides a quantitative metric for the actual use of renewable energy (RE) in the form of electricity in a data centre. NOTE This part of ISO/IEC 30134 adopts the ISO/IEC definition of RE
27、 but defers to the definition that apply within local jurisdiction(s). The use of and the demand for RE became increasingly popular as it reduces or replaces the use of non-RE sources. In many countries, legislation promotes the use of RE and gives incentives in order to increase the diversity of en
28、ergy dependence and improve social sustainability. In several countries, governments have targets for the use of RE and/or companies have a target for the use of RE among all electricity consumed. The use of RE as one of the sources to power data centre becomes increasingly important as their electr
29、icity consumption has risen to a significant share of the total global electricity consumption. The use of REF as a key performance indicator (KPI) allows data centre managers to improve a data centres energy procurement portfolio and increase the diversity of energy dependence. Data centre managers
30、 can confirm their achievement of the use of RE to their national or corporate targets. This part of ISO/IEC 30134 is part of a series of International Standards for such KPIs and has been produced in accordance with ISO/IEC 30134-1, which defines common requirements for a holistic suite of KPIs for
31、 data centre resource usage effectiveness or efficiency. The ISO/IEC 30134 series do not specify limits or targets for any KPI and do not describe or imply, unless specifically stated, any form of aggregation of individual KPIs into a combined nor an overall KPI for data centre resource usage effect
32、iveness or efficiency. ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016BS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016Information technology Data centres Key performance indicators Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF) 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 30134 a) defines the renewable energy factor (REF) of a data centre
33、, b) specifies a methodology to calculate and to present the REF, and c) provides information on the correct interpretation of the REF. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For date
34、d references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 30134-1, Information technology Data centres Key performance indicators Part 1: Overview and general requirements 3 T erms, d efinitions , a
35、bbr e viat ed t erms and s ymbols 3.1 T erms and definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 30134-1 and the following apply. 3.1.1 renewable energy RE energy obtained from a renewable energy source (3.1.4) SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-2:2015, 3.1.6, modified
36、Note 1 to entry: Criteria to categorize an energy as renewable can differ among jurisdictions, based on local environmental or other reasons. 3.1.2 r enew able ener g y c er t i f ic at e R E c e r t i f i c a t e tradable, contractual instrument that represents a proof that a certain amount of elec
37、tricity (or other type of energy) was generated from a renewable energy source (3.1.4) 3.1.3 renewable energy factor REF ratio of the renewable energy (3.1.1) owned and controlled by a data centre to the total data centre energy consumption INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) ISO/IEC 201
38、6 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) 3.1.4 renewable energy source RE source energy source not depleted by extraction as it is naturally replenished at a rate faster than it is extracted SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-2:2015, 3.1.5, modified Note 1 to entry: Renewable energy
39、source excludes recovered or wasted energy. Note 2 to entry: Organic fraction of municipal waste may be considered as a renewable energy source. Note 3 to entry: Whether the energy stored in a technical system is renewable or not depends upon the nature of the original energy source. Note 4 to entry
40、: Criteria to categorize an energy source as renewable can differ among jurisdictions, based on local environmental or other reasons. 3.1.5 total data centre energy consumption total energy consumption for all energy types serving the data centre, measured in kWh at its boundary Note 1 to entry: Ene
41、rgy measured with energy metering devices at the boundary of the data centre or point of generation within the boundary. Note 2 to entry: This includes electricity, natural gas and district utilities such as supplied chilled water or condensed water. 3.2 Abbreviated terms For the purposes of this do
42、cument, the abbreviated terms given in ISO/IEC 30134-1 and the following apply. RE renewable energy REF renewable energy factor 3.3 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. E DC total data centre energy consumption (annual) in kWh E ren renewable energy (annual) in kWh
43、 owned and controlled by a data centre 4 Relevance of renewable energy factor (REF) The renewable energy factor (REF) metric describes the percentage of renewable energy (RE) over total data centre energy. REF provides an assessment of the mitigation of carbon emission that originated from energy co
44、nsumption in a data centre. REF is an effective KPI to monitor the use of RE and to increase the diversity of energy dependence and improve the sustainability of a data centre by enhancing the use of RE.2 ISO/IEC 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016ISO/IEC 30134-3:2016(E) 5 Determination
45、of renewable energy factor (REF) REF is defined as the ratio of renewable energy (RE) used in comparison with the total data centre energy consumption as shown in Formula (1): = (1) where E ren is the RE in kWh owned and controlled by a data centre (i.e. any energy for which the data centre owns the
46、 legal right to the environmental attributes of renewable generation) including that a) generated on-site of the data centre and whose legal rights to the environmental attributes of RE are retired in a data centre (so, that is no longer a contractual instrument to be traded, or that is no longer a
47、possession of the last owner or the renewable energy certificate system administrator); NOTE 1 “Retired” is an official term that means “consumed”. b) obtained by procurement of RE certificates and retired in the data centre; c) portion of utility electricity, defined as RE, provided the data centre
48、 has obtained documented written evidence from the source utility provider(s) that the energy supplied, for the reporting period in question, was generated from a renewable source;NOTE 2 This excludes RE generated in a data centre site but whose legal rights to the environmental attributes of RE wer
49、e sold to other parties or the market. E DC is the total data centre energy consumption (annual) in kWh. REF shall have a maximum value of 1,00, indicating 100 % of the total data centre energy is RE. On-site generation of RE beyond the need of the data centre shall not be accounted for REF. Therefore, a value greater than 1,00 is not possible. Because the RE content of the KPI is based on legal ownership of the rights to the environmental benefits, it is
