1、Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory Part 1: Overview of concepts, models and services BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Information t echnology Open Sys tems Int er c onnection The Dir ect ory P art 1
2、: Ov erview of c oncepts, models and servic es Technologies de linformation Interconnexion de systmes ouverts (OSI) L annuaire Partie 1: Aperu gnral des concepts, modles et services IN T E R NA T I O NA L S TA N DA R D ISO/IE C 9594-1 R ef erence number ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017(E) Eighth edition 2017-05
3、ISO/IEC 2017 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 95941:2017. It supersedes BS ISO/IEC 95941:2014, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/6, Data communications. A list of organizations represented o
4、n this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 9631
5、6 2 ICS 35.100.70 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BRITISH STANDA
6、RD BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017Information t echnology Open Sys tems Int er c onnection The Dir ect ory P art 1: Ov erview of c oncepts, models and servic es Technologies de linformation Interconnexion de systmes ouverts (OSI) L annuaire Partie 1: Aperu gnral des concepts, modles et services IN T E R NA T
7、I O NA L S TA N DA R D ISO/IE C 9594-1 R ef erence number ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017(E) Eighth edition 2017-05 ISO/IEC 2017 BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017 ii ISO/IEC 2017 All rights r eserv ed COPYRIGHT PR OT ECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2017, Published in S witzer land All rights r eserved. Unless otherwise specified, n
8、o part of this publication may be r eproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including phot ocopying, or posting on the internet or an intr anet, without prior written permission. Permission can be r equested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs
9、member body in the country of the r equest er . ISO cop yright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 V ernier, Gene va, S witzer land Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 cop yrig htiso.or g www .iso.or g ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017(E) BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017 ii ISO/IEC 2017 All rights r eserv ed CO
10、PYRIGHT PR OT ECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2017, Published in S witzer land All rights r eserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be r eproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including phot ocopying, or posting on the internet or a
11、n intr anet, without prior written permission. Permission can be r equested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the r equest er . ISO cop yright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 V ernier, Gene va, S witzer land Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 4
12、7 cop yrig htiso.or g www .iso.or g ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017(E)ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017(E) ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved ii-1 Fore wo rd ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization
13、. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual in
14、terest. Other international organizations, governmental and no ngovernmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and tho
15、se intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see w
16、ww.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the
17、 document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific ter
18、ms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. This eighth edition cancels and replaces the seventh editio
19、n (ISO/IEC 9594 1:2014), which has been technically revised. This document was prepared by ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, SC 6, Telecommunications and information exchange between systems, in collaboration with ITU T. The identical text is published as ITU T X.500 (10/2016). A list of all pa
20、rts in the ISO/IEC 9594 series, published under the general title Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory, can be found on the ISO website. BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017Rec. ITU-T X.500 (10/2016) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identica
21、l Recommendations | International Standards 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Communication model definitions 2 3.2 Directory model definitions 2 3.3 Distributed Operation definitions 3 3.4 Replication definitions 3 3.5 Basic directory definitions 3 4 Abbreviations . 3 5 Conventions 3 6 Overview of the Director
22、y 4 7 The Directory Information Base (DIB) 5 8 The Directory service . 7 8.1 Introduction. 7 8.2 Service qualification 7 8.3 Directory interrogation 8 8.4 Directory modification 8 8.5 Other outcomes . 9 9 The distributed Directory . 9 9.1 Functional model. 9 9.2 Organizational model 9 9.3 Operation
23、of the model 10 10 Access control in the Directory 13 11 Service administration 14 12 Replication in the Directory . 14 12.1 Introduction. 14 12.2 Forms of Directory replication 15 12.3 Replication and consistency of Directory information 16 12.4 Views of replication 16 12.5 Replication and Access C
24、ontrol 17 13 Directory protocols. 17 14 Systems management of the Directory. 17 14.1 Introduction. 17 14.2 Management of the DIT domain . 17 14.3 Management of Directory components . 18 Annex A Applying the Directory 19 A.1 The Directory environment . 19 A.2 Directory service characteristics . 19 A.
25、3 Patterns of use of the Directory. 19 Annex B Amendments and corrigenda . 23 BS ISO/IEC 95941:2017iv Rec. ITU-T X.500 (10/2016) Introduction This Recommendation | International Standard together with other Recommendations | International Standards, has been produced to facilitate the interconnectio
26、n of information processing systems to provide directory services. A set of such systems, together with the directory information that they hold, can be viewed as an integrated whole, called the Dir ec to r y. The information held by the Directory, collectively known as the Directory Information Bas
27、e (DIB), is typically used to facilitate communication between, with or about objects such as application entities, people, terminals and distribution lists. The Directory plays a significant role in Open Systems Interconnection, whose aim is to allow, with a minimum of technical agreement outside o
28、f the interconnection standards themselves, the interconnection of information processing systems: from different manufacturers; under different managements; of different levels of complexity; and of different ages. This Recommendation | International Standard introduces and models the concepts of t
29、he Directory and of the DIB and overviews the services and capabilities which they provide. Other Recommendations | International Standards make use of these models in defining the abstract service provided by the Directory, and in specifying the protocols through which this service can be obtained
30、or propagated. This Recommendation | International Standard provides the foundation frameworks upon which industry profiles can be defined by other standards groups and industry forums. Many of the features defined as optional in these frameworks, may be mandated for use in certain environments thro
31、ugh profiles. This eighth edition technically revises and enhances, the seventh edition of this Recommendation | International Standard. This eighth edition specifies versions 1 and 2 of the Directory protocols. The first and second editions specified only version 1. Most of the services and protoco
32、ls specified in this edition are designed to function under version 1. However some enhanced services and protocols, e.g., signed errors, will not function unless all Directory entities involved in the operation have negotiated version 2. Whichever version has been negotiated, differences between th
33、e services and between the protocols defined in the seven editions, except for those specifically assigned to version 2, are accommodated using the rules of extensibility defined in Rec. ITU-T X.519 | ISO/IEC 9594-5. Annex A, which is an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard,
34、 describes the types of use to which the Directory can be applied. Annex B, which is not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, lists the amendments and defect reports that have been incorporated to form this edition of this Recommendation | International Standard. BS ISO/
35、IEC 95941:2017iv Rec. ITU-T X.500 (10/2016) Introduction This Recommendation | International Standard together with other Recommendations | International Standards, has been produced to facilitate the interconnection of information processing systems to provide directory services. A set of such syst
36、ems, together with the directory information that they hold, can be viewed as an integrated whole, called the Dir ec to r y. The information held by the Directory, collectively known as the Directory Information Base (DIB), is typically used to facilitate communication between, with or about objects
37、 such as application entities, people, terminals and distribution lists. The Directory plays a significant role in Open Systems Interconnection, whose aim is to allow, with a minimum of technical agreement outside of the interconnection standards themselves, the interconnection of information proces
38、sing systems: from different manufacturers; under different managements; of different levels of complexity; and of different ages. This Recommendation | International Standard introduces and models the concepts of the Directory and of the DIB and overviews the services and capabilities which they pr
39、ovide. Other Recommendations | International Standards make use of these models in defining the abstract service provided by the Directory, and in specifying the protocols through which this service can be obtained or propagated. This Recommendation | International Standard provides the foundation f
40、rameworks upon which industry profiles can be defined by other standards groups and industry forums. Many of the features defined as optional in these frameworks, may be mandated for use in certain environments through profiles. This eighth edition technically revises and enhances, the seventh editi
41、on of this Recommendation | International Standard. This eighth edition specifies versions 1 and 2 of the Directory protocols. The first and second editions specified only version 1. Most of the services and protocols specified in this edition are designed to function under version 1. However some e
42、nhanced services and protocols, e.g., signed errors, will not function unless all Directory entities involved in the operation have negotiated version 2. Whichever version has been negotiated, differences between the services and between the protocols defined in the seven editions, except for those
43、specifically assigned to version 2, are accommodated using the rules of extensibility defined in Rec. ITU-T X.519 | ISO/IEC 9594-5. Annex A, which is an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, describes the types of use to which the Directory can be applied. Annex B, which is
44、not an integral part of this Recommendation | International Standard, lists the amendments and defect reports that have been incorporated to form this edition of this Recommendation | International Standard. ISO/IEC 9594-1:2017 (E) Rec. ITU-T X.500 (10/2016) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDA
45、TION Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services 1 Scope The Directory provides the directory capabilities required by OSI applications, OSI management processes, other OSI layer entities, and telecommunications services. Among the cap
46、abilities which it provides are those of “user-friendly naming“, whereby objects can be referred to by names which are suitable for citing by human users (though not all objects need have user-friendly names); and “name-to-address mapping“ which allows the binding between objects and their locations
47、 to be dynamic. The latter capability allows OSI networks, for example, to be “self-configuring“ in the sense that addition, removal and the changes of object location do not affect OSI network operation. The Directory is not intended to be a general-purpose database system, although it may be built
48、 on such systems. It is assumed, for instance, that, as is typical with communications directories, there is a considerably higher frequency of “queries“ than of updates. The rate of updates is expected to be governed by the dynamics of people and organizations, rather than, for example, the dynamic
49、s of networks. There is also no need for instantaneous global commitment of updates; transient conditions, where both old and new versions of the same information are available, are quite acceptable. It is a characteristic of the Directory that, except as a consequence of differing access rights or un-propagated updates, the results of directory queries will not be dependent on the identity or location of the inquirer. This characteristic renders the Directory unsuitable for some t
