1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO/IEC 9636-3:1991 Implementation of ISO/IEC 9636-3:1991 Information technology Computer graphics Interfacing techniques for dialogues with graphical devices (CGI) Functional specification Part 3: OutputBSISO/IEC9636-3:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the d
2、irectionof the Information Systems Technology Standards Policy Committee, was publishedunder the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 15June1992 BSI 02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference IST/31 Draft for comment 90/62656 DC I
3、SBN 0 580 20737 4 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information Systems Technology Standards Policy Committee (IST/-) to Technical Committee IST/31, upon which the following bodies were represented: Department of Trade and
4、Industry (IT Standards Unit) Information Systems Committee of the Universities Funding Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO/IEC9636-3:1991 BSI 02-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Fore
5、word ix Text of ISO/IEC 9636-3 1BSISO/IEC9636-3:1991 ii BSI 02-2000 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 and implements it as the UK national standard. This British Standard is published under the direction of the Information Systems Technology Standards Pol
6、icy Committee whose Technical Committee IST/31 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European deve
7、lopments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from BSI Sales Department, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK146LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of Bri
8、tish Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theISO/IEC title page, pagesii tox, pages1 to141 an
9、d a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) ii BSI 02-2000 Contents Page Foreword ix Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Co
10、ncepts 2 3.1 Introduction 2 3.2 General output concepts 2 3.2.1 Types of graphic primitive functions 2 3.2.2 Attributes and controls 2 3.2.3 Output states 3 3.3 Individual and bundled attribute values 4 3.3.1 Introduction 4 3.3.2 Modes of attribute specification and selection 5 3.4 Colour 5 3.4.1 Di
11、rect and indexed modes 5 3.4.2 Background colour 7 3.5 Graphic objects 8 3.5.1 Compound objects 8 3.5.2 Global and local attributes 8 3.5.3 Detail of graphic object formation 8 3.6 Clipping associated with graphic objects 9 3.6.1 Rendering pipelines for clipping 10 3.7 Line primitives 12 3.7.1 Line
12、functions 12 3.7.2 Line attributes 12 3.7.3 Line geometry 13 3.7.4 Line clipping 13 3.7.5 Allowed latitude 14 3.8 Marker primitive 14 3.8.1 Marker function 14 3.8.2 Marker attributes 14 3.8.3 Marker geometry 15 3.8.4 Marker clipping 15 3.9 Text primitives 15 3.9.1 Text functions 15 3.9.2 Usage of te
13、xt functions (compound text) 16 3.9.3 Text attributes 16 3.9.4 Text geometry 17 3.9.5 Text clipping 27 3.9.6 Text fonts and character sets 27 3.9.7 Errors in TEXT OPEN state 27 3.9.8 Allowed latitude 28 3.10 Fill primitives 28 3.10.1 Fill functions 28 3.10.2 Fill attributes 28 3.10.3 Fill geometry 3
14、1 3.10.4 Fill clipping 32 3.10.5 Closed figures 32 3.10.6 Allowed latitude 36 3.11 Image primitive 37ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) BSI 02-2000 iii Page 3.11.1 Image function 37 3.11.2 Image attributes 37 3.11.3 Image primitive geometry 37 3.11.4 Image clipping 37 3.11.5 Allowed latitude 37 3.12 Generalized
15、 Drawing Primitives 38 3.12.1 GDP function 38 3.13 Inquiry 38 3.13.1 State lists and description tables 38 3.14 Retrieval 38 3.14.1 Retrieval of text extent 38 4 Interactions with other parts of ISO/IEC 9636 40 4.1 Interactions with all other parts of ISO/IEC 9636 40 4.1.1 Character set and font sel
16、ection 40 4.2 Interactions with ISO/IEC 9636-2 (Control) 40 4.2.1 Effect of INITIALIZE 40 4.2.2 Effect of VDC Extent and VDC Type 40 4.3 Interactions with ISO/IEC 9636-4 (Segments) 41 4.3.1 CLIP RECTANGLE, CLIP INDICATOR, and COPY SEGMENT 41 4.3.2 LINE WIDTH and EDGE WIDTH 41 4.3.3 MARKER SIZE 41 4.
17、3.4 PICK IDENTIFIER 41 4.3.5 Dynamic modification 41 4.3.6 Segment open state 41 4.4 Interactions with ISO/IEC 9636-5 (Input) 41 4.5 Interactions with ISO/IEC 9636-6 (Raster) 41 4.5.1 State related restrictions 41 4.5.2 Interior style BITMAP 42 4.5.3 Drawing modes 42 5 Abstract specification of func
18、tions 42 5.1 Introduction 42 5.1.1 Data types employed 42 5.2 Graphic primitive functions 42 5.2.1 POLYLINE 42 5.2.2 DISJOINT POLYLINE 43 5.2.3 CIRCULAR ARC 3 POINT 43 5.2.4 CIRCULAR ARC CENTRE 44 5.2.5 CIRCULAR ARC CENTRE REVERSED 44 5.2.6 ELLIPTICAL ARC 45 5.2.7 CONNECTING EDGE 46 5.2.8 POLYMARKER
19、 46 5.2.9 TEXT 47 5.2.10 RESTRICTED TEXT 47 5.2.11 APPEND TEXT 48 5.2.12 POLYGON 49 5.2.13 POLYGON SET 49 5.2.14 RECTANGLE 50 5.2.15 CIRCLE 50 5.2.16 CIRCULAR ARC 3 POINT CLOSE 51ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) iv BSI 02-2000 Page 5.2.17 CIRCULAR ARC CENTRE CLOSE 51 5.2.18 ELLIPSE 52 5.2.19 ELLIPTICAL ARC CL
20、OSE 52 5.2.20 CELL ARRAY 53 5.2.21 GENERALIZED DRAWING PRIMITIVE (GDP) 54 5.3 Attribute functions 55 5.3.1 LINE BUNDLE INDEX 55 5.3.2 LINE TYPE 55 5.3.3 LINE WIDTH 55 5.3.4 LINE COLOUR 56 5.3.5 LINE CLIPPING MODE 56 5.3.6 MARKER BUNDLE INDEX 56 5.3.7 MARKER TYPE 56 5.3.8 MARKER SIZE 57 5.3.9 MARKER
21、COLOUR 57 5.3.10 MARKER CLIPPING MODE 57 5.3.11 TEXT BUNDLE INDEX 57 5.3.12 TEXT FONT INDEX 58 5.3.13 TEXT PRECISION 58 5.3.14 CHARACTER EXPANSION FACTOR 58 5.3.15 CHARACTER SPACING 58 5.3.16 TEXT COLOUR 59 5.3.17 CHARACTER HEIGHT 59 5.3.18 CHARACTER ORIENTATION 59 5.3.19 TEXT PATH 59 5.3.20 TEXT AL
22、IGNMENT 60 5.3.21 CHARACTER SET INDEX 60 5.3.22 ALTERNATE CHARACTER SET INDEX 61 5.3.23 CHARACTER CODING ANNOUNCER 61 5.3.24 FILL BUNDLE INDEX 61 5.3.25 INTERIOR STYLE 62 5.3.26 FILL COLOUR 62 5.3.27 HATCH INDEX 62 5.3.28 PATTERN INDEX 63 5.3.29 FILL REFERENCE POINT 63 5.3.30 PATTERN SIZE 63 5.3.31
23、EDGE BUNDLE INDEX 63 5.3.32 EDGE TYPE 64 5.3.33 EDGE WIDTH 64 5.3.34 EDGE COLOUR 64 5.3.35 EDGE CLIPPING MODE 65 5.3.36 EDGE VISIBILITY 65 5.4 General attribute and output control functions 65 5.4.1 CLIP INDICATOR 65 5.4.2 CLIP RECTANGLE 65 5.4.3 LINE WIDTH SPECIFICATION MODE 66 5.4.4 EDGE WIDTH SPE
24、CIFICATION MODE 66 5.4.5 MARKER SIZE SPECIFICATION MODE 66 5.4.6 COLOUR SELECTION MODE 67ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) BSI 02-2000 v Page 5.4.7 COLOUR VALUE EXTENT 67 5.4.8 BACKGROUND COLOUR 67 5.4.9 AUXILIARY COLOUR 68 5.4.10 TRANSPARENCY 68 5.4.11 COLOUR TABLE 68 5.4.12 LINE REPRESENTATION 69 5.4.13 MARK
25、ER REPRESENTATION 69 5.4.14 TEXT REPRESENTATION 70 5.4.15 FILL REPRESENTATION 71 5.4.16 EDGE REPRESENTATION 71 5.4.17 DELETE BUNDLE REPRESENTATION 72 5.4.18 ASPECT SOURCE FLAGS 72 5.4.19 PATTERN TABLE 73 5.4.20 DELETE PATTERN 73 5.4.21 FONT LIST 74 5.4.22 CHARACTER SET LIST 74 5.4.23 SAVE PRIMITIVE
26、ATTRIBUTES 75 5.4.24 RESTORE PRIMITIVE ATTRIBUTES 76 5.4.25 DELETE PRIMITIVE ATTRIBUTE SAVE SET 76 5.4.26 BEGIN FIGURE 76 5.4.27 END FIGURE 77 5.4.28 NEW REGION 77 5.5 Retrieval functions 78 5.5.1 GET TEXT EXTENT 78 6 Output inquiry functions 78 6.1 Introduction 78 6.1.1 Data types employed 78 6.1.2
27、 Validity of returned information 78 6.2 Primitive support description table 79 6.2.1 INQUIRE PRIMITIVE SUPPORT LEVELS 79 6.2.2 LOOKUP GDP SUPPORT 79 6.2.3 INQUIRE GDP ATTRIBUTES 79 6.3 Line description table 80 6.3.1 INQUIRE LINE CAPABILITY 80 6.3.2 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE LINE TYPES 80 6.3.3 INQ
28、UIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE SCALED LINE WIDTHS 80 6.4 Marker description table 81 6.4.1 INQUIRE MARKER CAPABILITY 81 6.4.2 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE MARKER TYPES 81 6.4.3 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE SCALED MARKER SIZES 81 6.5 Text description table 82 6.5.1 INQUIRE TEXT CAPABILITY 82 6.5.2 INQUIRE LIST OF
29、AVAILABLE CHARACTER SETS 82 6.5.3 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE TEXT FONTS 82 6.5.4 INQUIRE FONT CAPABILITIES 82 6.5.5 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE CHARACTER EXPANSION FACTORS 83 6.5.6 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE CHARACTER SPACINGS 83 6.5.7 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE CHARACTER HEIGHTS 84ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E)
30、 vi BSI 02-2000 Page 6.5.8 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE CHARACTER ORIENTATIONS 84 6.6 Fill description table 84 6.6.1 INQUIRE FILL CAPABILITY 84 6.6.2 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE HATCH STYLES 85 6.7 Edge description table 85 6.7.1 INQUIRE EDGE CAPABILITY 85 6.7.2 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE EDGE TYPES 86 6
31、.7.3 INQUIRE LIST OF AVAILABLE SCALED EDGE WIDTHS 86 6.8 Output control description table 86 6.8.1 INQUIRE COLOUR CAPABILITY 86 6.8.2 INQUIRE CIE CHARACTERISTICS 87 6.8.3 INQUIRE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SIMULTANEOUSLY SAVED ATTRIBUTE SETS 87 6.8.4 INQUIRE ARRAY OF SUPPORTED CHARACTER CODING ANNOUNCERS 87
32、6.9 Line attribute state list 87 6.9.1 INQUIRE LINE ATTRIBUTES 87 6.9.2 INQUIRE LIST OF LINE BUNDLE INDICES 88 6.9.3 INQUIRE LINE REPRESENTATION 88 6.10 Marker attribute state list 88 6.10.1 INQUIRE MARKER ATTRIBUTES 88 6.10.2 INQUIRE LIST OF MARKER BUNDLE INDICES 89 6.10.3 INQUIRE MARKER REPRESENTA
33、TION 89 6.11 Text attribute state list 89 6.11.1 INQUIRE TEXT ATTRIBUTES 89 6.11.2 INQUIRE LIST OF TEXT BUNDLE INDICES 90 6.11.3 INQUIRE TEXT REPRESENTATION 90 6.12 Fill attribute state list 90 6.12.1 INQUIRE FILL ATTRIBUTES 90 6.12.2 INQUIRE PATTERN DIMENSIONS 91 6.12.3 INQUIRE PATTERN 91 6.12.4 IN
34、QUIRE LIST OF PATTERN INDICES 91 6.12.5 INQUIRE LIST OF FILL BUNDLE INDICES 91 6.12.6 INQUIRE FILL REPRESENTATION 92 6.13 Edge attribute state list 92 6.13.1 INQUIRE EDGE ATTRIBUTES 92 6.13.2 INQUIRE LIST OF EDGE BUNDLE INDICES 92 6.13.3 INQUIRE EDGE REPRESENTATION 93 6.14 General attributes and out
35、put control state list 93 6.14.1 INQUIRE OUTPUT STATE 93 6.14.2 INQUIRE OBJECT CLIPPING 93 6.14.3 INQUIRE LIST OF ATTRIBUTE SET NAMES IN USE 93 6.14.4 INQUIRE COLOUR STATE 94 6.14.5 INQUIRE LIST OF COLOUR TABLE ENTRIES 94 6.14.6 INQUIRE FONT LIST 94 6.14.7 INQUIRE CHARACTER SET LIST 95 6.14.8 LOOKUP
36、 ASPECT SOURCE FLAGS 95ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) BSI 02-2000 vii Page 7 CGI description tables and state lists 95 7.1 Description tables 96 7.1.1 Primitive support 96 7.1.2 Attributes 97 7.1.3 Font characteristics 100 7.1.4 Output control 100 7.2 State lists 101 7.2.1 Attributes 101 7.2.2 General attri
37、butes and output control 105 Annex A (normative) Formal grammar of the functional specification 106 Annex B (normative) Output and attribute errors 130 Annex C (informative) Guidelines for CGI implementors 131 Annex D (informative) Parameterization of circular and elliptical arcs 134 Annex E (inform
38、ative) Use of POLYGON SET and closed figures 134 Annex F (informative) Character sets and coding 138 Annex G (informative) Colour value extent 141 Annex H (informative) Example use of character orientation 141 Figure 1 Output state diagram (for primitive functions) 3 Figure 2 Overwrite capability 7
39、Figure 3 Detail of the graphic object pipeline for compound objects 9 Figure 4 Rendering pipelines for size specification mode/clipping mode combinations 11 Figure 5 Character body reference lines 18 Figure 6 CHARACTER HEIGHT and CHARACTER EXPANSION FACTOR 19 Figure 7 CHARACTER SPACING 20 Figure 8 C
40、HARACTER ORIENTATION 21 Figure 9 CHARACTER HEIGHT and CHARACTER ORIENTATION with skewed orientation vectors 21 Figure 10 Discrete text alignment 22 Figure 11 Continuous text alignment 23 Figure 12 Continuous text alignment with skewed orientation vectors 24 Figure 13 Discrete text alignment with app
41、ended text and proportional spacing 25 Figure 14 Examples of fill object clipping 32 Figure 15 Examples of replies to GET TEXT EXTENT with different text attributes 39 Figure 16 Mapping of direct colour specification from lower to higher precision 132 Figure 17 An example POLYGON SET 135 Figure 18 C
42、losed Figure examples: lozenge, nand-gate 136 Figure 19 Closed Figure example: annulus 136 Figure 20 Closed Figure example: boundary using elliptical arcs 137 Figure 21 Closed Figure example: “S” using 3-point arcs 138 Table 1 Functions Not Allowed in Output State ACTIVE 3 Table 2 Functions Not Allo
43、wed in Output State TEXT OPEN 4 Table 3 Functions Not Allowed in Output State FIGURE OPEN 4 Table 4 Contributing Primitives to Compound Objects 8ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) viii BSI 02-2000 Page Table 5 Definition of alignment points: TEXT PATH = LEFT or RIGHT 23 Table 6 Definition of alignment points: T
44、EXT PATH = UP or DOWN 24 Table 7 Definition of NORMAL Text Alignment 60 Table 8 Attributes Saved and Restored 75 Table 9 Primitive Support Description Table 96 Table 10 Line Description Table 97 Table 11 Marker Description Table 97 Table 12 Text Description Table 98 Table 13 Fill Description Table 9
45、9 Table 14 Edge Description Table 99 Table 15 Output Control Description Table 100 Table 16 Line Attributes State List 101 Table 17 Marker Attributes State List 101 Table 18 Text Attributes State List 102 Table 19 Fill Attributes State List 103 Table 20 Edge Attributes State List 104 Table 21 Genera
46、l Attributes and Output Control State List 105ISO/IEC9636-3:1991 (E) BSI 02-2000 ix Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
47、 ISOorIEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISOandIEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations
48、, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISOandIEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISOandIEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IECJTC1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national b
49、odies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least75% of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC9636-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IECJTC1, Information technology. ISO/IEC9636 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Computer graphics Interfacing techniques for dialogues with graphical devices (CGI) Functional specification: Part 1: Overview, profile
