1、PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION PAS 57:2003 Cellar cooling equipment Procedure for determining performance and calculating energy efficiency ICS 27.200; 97.130.20 PAS 57:2003 This Publicly Available Specification comes into effect on 20 March 2003 BSI 20 March 2003 ISBN 0 580 41407 8 Amendments iss
2、ued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsPAS 57:2003 BSI 20 March 2003 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Introduction 1 1S c o p e 1 2 Normative references 1 3T e r m s a n d D e f i n i t i o n s 1 4 Principle 2 5 Preparation 2 6 Measurement procedure 4 7 Calc
3、ulation of coefficient of performance 5 8 Evaluation report 6PAS 57:2003 ii BSI 20 March 2003 Foreword This Publicly Available Specification, PAS 57, was sponsored by the DTI Construction Sector Unit and DEFRAs Market Transformation Programme and developed through the British Standards Institution.
4、Acknowledgement is given to the following organizations that were consulted in the development of this Publicly Available Specification. Future Energy Solutions AEA Technology BSI Product Services Cool Concerns Hubbard Refrigeration Searle Manufacturing Eaton-Williams IMI Air Conditioning Thermofros
5、t Cryo NRS-Wholesale Federation of Environmental Trade Associations Six Continents Daniel Thwaites Brewery This Publicly Available Specification has been prepared and published by BSI, which retains its ownership and copyright. BSI reserves the right to withdraw or amend this PAS on receipt of autho
6、ritative advice that it is appropriate to do so. This PAS will be reviewed at intervals not exceeding two years, and any amendments arising from the review will be published as an amended PAS and publicized in Update Standards. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision
7、s of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. This Publicly Available Specification (PAS) is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It will be withdrawn upon publication of its content in, or as, a British Standard. Compliance with a Publicly Available Specification does not
8、 in itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.PAS 5
9、7:2003 BSI 20 March 2003 1 Introduction This Publicly Available Specification was developed to provide manufacturers and suppliers of cellar cooling equipment with procedures and defined conditions for measuring the performance of their products and calculating the energy efficiency, expressed as a
10、coefficient of performance. It is expected that the use of coefficient of performance values for cellar cooling equipment will provide purchasers of such equipment with the means for comparing product energy efficiency information. 1 Scope This Publicly Available Specification (PAS) specifies proced
11、ures for determining the performance and energy efficiency of cellar cooling equipment with a capacity between 2 kW and 12 kW, at a standard rating condition of 10 C air onto the evaporator and 32 C air onto the condenser, using air cooled condensers categorized as either: a) a packaged system, comp
12、rising all components mounted on one base for “through the wall” installation; or b) a split system, with the equipment supplied in two parts (evaporator and condensing unit) to be connected on site; or c) a remote system, with equipment supplied in three parts (evaporator, compressor/receiver unit
13、and condenser) to be connected on site. This PAS is aimed at suitably qualified and experienced personnel in the refrigeration industry. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited appl
14、ies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS EN 328, Heat exchangers Test procedures for establishing the performance of forced convection unit air coolers for refrigeration. 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this Publicl
15、y Available Specification, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 cellar cooling equipment refrigeration system designed to maintain an indoor environment at a condition suitable for the storage of chilled beverages, typically 10 C to 12 C 3.2 refrigerant working fluid in a refrigerating sys
16、tem absorbing heat at low pressure/temperature by evaporation and rejecting it at a higher pressure/temperature by condensation 3.3 liquid working fluid remaining liquid during the absorption of heat 3.4 cooling capacity total heat (kW) removed by the cellar cooling equipment from test room B 3.5 ev
17、aporator pressure absolute pressure of the refrigerant at the evaporator outlet 3.6 compressor discharge pressure absolute pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor discharge portPAS 57:2003 2 BSI 20 March 2003 3.7 expansion device device used to control the flow of refrigerant in the evaporator
18、 and reduce the refrigerant pressure 3.8 system energy consumption total electrical energy consumption of the cellar cooling equipment as measured during the system efficiency test 3.9 liquid receiver pressure vessel permanently installed in the high pressure side of a refrigeration system to provid
19、e a reserve of liquid refrigerant and for the storage of the refrigerant charge during service 3.10 filter drier device used to remove water or water vapour from refrigerant 3.11 compressor mechanically operated component for compressing a refrigerant vapour 3.12 heat load electrical heating applian
20、ce resistance heater(s), with adjustable output, used to balance the heat extraction rate of the cooling unit 3.13 thermal mass pre-cooled liquid or solid mass used to dampen temperature changes in the test room 3.14 thermostat phial temperature sensing part of the thermostat 4 Principle The energy
21、efficiency of cellar cooling equipment is evaluated by measuring its cooling capacity and energy consumption at specified conditions and expressing the results as a ratio. 5 Preparation 5.1 General The cellar cooling system under evaluation shall be supplied complete. All components supplied as part
22、 of the cellar cooling equipment system shall be included in the evaluation and used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. The cellar cooling equipment shall be evaluated in the “as-sold” condition, i.e. installed and commissioned as recommended by the manufacturer. 5.2 Test rooms 5.2.1
23、 Test room A The condensing unit, consisting of the compressor, condenser, liquid receiver (where fitted), filter drier, or compressor/receiver set plus air cooled condenser or outdoor part of the packaged system shall be located in test room A. The temperature and humidity is controlled in test roo
24、m A, which shall have sufficient volume for unrestricted airflow through the condenser.PAS 57:2003 BSI 20 March 2003 3 5.2.2 Test room B (calorimeter room) The evaporator and expansion valve (where fitted to the evaporator) shall be located in test room B (the cellar). Test room B shall be an insula
25、ted chamber with a heat load to simulate cellar conditions. Test room B shall be of a size such that: a) no obstacle is positioned within a distance of of the evaporator outlet; b) no obstacle is positioned within a distance of parallel to the sides of the evaporator; c) the volume in m 3is between
26、1/30 and 1/600 of the air flow rate in m 3 /h produced by the evaporator, where A and B are the air inlet dimensions of the evaporator. Test room B shall have a thermal mass such that during the system efficiency test, the room temperature increases at a rate less than 1 C in 5 min when the cellar c
27、ooling equipment is turned off. 5.3 Cellar cooling equipment installation 5.3.1 General The distance of the air on the face of the condenser from the test room wall shall be in accordance with the original equipment manufacturers specifications for that condenser or condensing unit. The distance of
28、the air on the face of the evaporator from the test room wall shall be in accordance with the original equipment manufacturers specification for that evaporator. Following assembly of the split and remote equipment (see 5.3.2 and 5.3.3), the system shall be evacuated to a vacuum of better than 2 mm
29、Hg. Abs. The system shall then be charged with the type and amount of refrigerant as specified by the manufacturer. All controls shall be set as specified by the manufacturer. 5.3.2 Split systems The following shall apply for split systems. a) The liquid and suction pipes shall be at least 5 m long,
30、 with excess pipe looped and not bent. b) Excess pipe shall be positioned within test room A. c) The pipe size and insulation type, thickness and location shall be in accordance with the manufacturers specifications. 5.3.3 Remote systems The following shall apply to remote systems. a) The pipe betwe
31、en the compressor and condenser shall be at least 5 m long. b) The pipe between the condenser and receiver shall be at least 5 m long. c) The pipe between the receiver and evaporator shall be at least 5 m long. d) The pipe between the evaporator and compressor shall be at least 5 m long. e) All exce
32、ss pipe shall be looped and not bent. f) Excess pipe shall be positioned within test room A. g) The pipe size and insulation type, thickness and location shall be in accordance with the manufacturers specifications. h) The expansion device shall be positioned and adjusted in accordance with the manu
33、facturers specifications. 1.5 AB 0.75 AB PAS 57:2003 4 BSI 20 March 2003 6 Measurement procedure 6.1 General The following conditions shall be applied: a) relative humidity of test room B shall be held at (80 5) %; b) single phase equipment shall be tested at (230 5) V and (50 0.5 ) Hz; c) three pha
34、se equipment shall be tested at (400 8) V and (50 0.5) Hz. 6.2 Cooling capacity measurement Measure the cooling capacity of the system (kW) at the following condition: air onto the condenser at (32 0.5) C; test room B temperature at (10 0.5) C; and cellar unit operating continuously (not cycling on
35、thermostat). Using the calorimeter room electrical heat balance method in accordance with BS EN 328, measure the cooling capacity at steady state conditions, which shall be achieved at least 30 min prior to the evaluation commencing, and maintained for 1 h. Steady state conditions shall be considere
36、d to be when the air onto the evaporator and condenser is maintained at the specified condition. The temperature in test room B for the cooling capacity test shall be (10 0.5) C, with the average temperature during the 1 h period being between 9.8 C and 10.2 C, controlled by the test room controller
37、. 6.3 System energy consumption measurement Measure the system energy consumption (kWh) at the following condition: cooling capacity as measured during 6.2; air onto the condenser at (20 0.5) C; test room B temperature at (10 0.5) C; and cellar unit cycling on its thermostat. Measure the system ener
38、gy consumption at steady state conditions, which shall be achieved at least 30 min prior to the test commencing, and be maintained for the duration of the test, which shall be at least 2 h. NOTE System energy consumption measured is in kWh, however, the system energy consumption should be calculated
39、 in kW. Calculate the system energy consumption (kW) as follows: Steady state conditions shall be considered to be when: a) air onto the evaporator has reached 10 C; b) air onto the evaporator is maintained within the band 9.5 C to 10.5 C; c) air onto the condenser is maintained within 19.5 C and 20
40、.5 C. The temperature in test room B for the system efficiency test shall be (10 0.5) C, with the average temperature during the test period being between 9.8 C and 10.2 C, controlled by the system controller. system energy consumption (kW) system energy consumption measured (kWh) test duration (h)
41、- =PAS 57:2003 BSI 20 March 2003 5 6.4 Conditions to be recorded During the procedures set out in 6.2 and 6.3, the following conditions shall be recorded. 6.4.1 Temperature ( C), accuracy 0.2 C of the: a) air onto the condenser at 4 locations across condenser air on the face; b) air onto the evapora
42、tor at 4 locations across evaporator air on the face. 6.4.2 Temperature ( C), accuracy 0.5 C of the: a) compressor suction (pipe surface as close to the compressor as possible); b) compressor discharge (pipe surface as close to the compressor as possible); c) condenser inlet (pipe surface); d) conde
43、nser outlet (pipe surface); e) receiver inlet (pipe surface); f) receiver outlet (pipe surface); g) filter drier outlet (pipe surface); h) expansion device inlet (pipe surface); i) expansion device outlet (pipe surface); j) evaporator outlet (pipe surface as close to the thermostatic expansion valve
44、 (TEV) phial, where fitted, as possible); k) test room B (adjacent to the thermostat phial, where fitted); l) air off the evaporator at 4 locations across air off the face. 6.4.3 Pressure (bar abs), accuracy equivalent to 0.5 C of the: a) evaporator pressure, after distributor, if fitted; b) compres
45、sor discharge pressure. 6.4.4 Electrical energy (kW), accuracy 1 % of the: a) compressor(s); b) evaporator fan(s); c) defrost heater(s), if fitted; d) condenser fan(s); e) heat input to test room B. 6.4.5 Heat loss/gain through the structure of test room B (kW) in accordance with BS EN 328, accuracy
46、 within 1 % of measured capacity. 6.4.6 The voltage (V) of the electrical supply, accuracy 2 %. 6.4.7 The frequency (Hz) of the electrical supply, 1 %. 7 Calculation of coefficient of performance The coefficient of performance (COP) shall be calculated using the formula: COP = system cooling capacit
47、y (kW), determined in accordance with 6.2 system energy consumption (kW), determined in accordance with 6.3PAS 57:2003 6 BSI 20 March 2003 8 Evaluation report The following information shall be reported: a) measurement procedure; b) cellar cooling equipment manufacturer; c) cellar cooling equipment
48、category, i.e. packaged system, split system or remote system; d) model designation; e) refrigerant; f) electrical supply voltage (V) and frequency (Hz); g) cooling capacity (kW) derived during the capacity measurement; h) cooling capacity (kW) derived during the system energy consumption measurement; i) total energy consumption (kWh) of the compressor, evaporator and condenser fan motors and defrost heaters (where fitted) derived during the system energy consumption measurement; j) duration of the system energy consumption measurement (h); k) heat flow
