1、PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR 15310-4:2006 Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 4: Guidance on procedures for sample packaging, storage, preservation, transport and delivery ICS 13.030.10; 13.030.20 PD CEN/TR 15310-4:2006 This Published Document was published under the authority
2、 of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 December 2006 BSI 2006 ISBN 0 580 49836 0 National foreword This Published Document was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 15310-4:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/508, Wast
3、e management, to Subcommittee B/508/3, Characterization of waste. A list of organizations represented on B/508/3 can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Am
4、endments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsTECHNICALREPORT RAPPORTTECHNIQUE TECHNISCHERBERICHT CEN/TR153104 November2006 ICS13.030.10;13.030.20 EnglishVersion CharacterizationofwasteSamplingofwastematerialsPart4: Guidanceonproceduresforsamplepackaging,storage, preservation,transportandd
5、elivery CaractrisationdesdchetsPrlvementdesdchets Partie4:Guiderelatifauxprocduresdemballage,de stockage,deconservation,detransportetdelivraisondes chantillons CharakterisierungvonAbfallProbenahmeTeil4: Verpackung,Lagerung,Konservierung,Transportund LieferungvonProben ThisTechnicalReportwasapprovedb
6、yCENon21February2006.IthasbeendrawnupbytheTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC292. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Roma
7、nia, Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2006CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Re
8、f.No.CEN/TR153104:2006:E2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Packing and labelling the sample 7 4.1 Selecting a sample container .7 4.2 Packaging specific types of waste.9 4.3 Labelling .10 5 Preserving the sample 11 5.1 General11 5.2 G
9、eneral instructions for sample preservation12 5.3 Preserving specific types of samples .13 5.4 Preservation methods .14 6 Chain of custody forms and sample dispatch16 7 Incorporation in the Sampling Plan .16 Annex A (informative) Packaging 17 Bibliography 19 CEN/TR 15310-4:20063 Foreword This Techni
10、cal Report (CEN/TR 15310-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 292 “Characterization of waste”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This Technical Report has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This Tec
11、hnical Report is one of a series of five, dealing with sampling techniques and procedures, which provide essential information for the application of the EN-standard: EN 14899 Characterisation of Waste - Sampling of waste materials - Framework for the preparation and application of a Sampling Plan T
12、he principal component of the EN standard is the mandatory requirement to prepare a Sampling Plan. This EN 14899 standard can be used to: produce standardised sampling plans for use in regular or routine circumstances (i.e. the elaboration of daughter/derived standards dedicated to well defined samp
13、ling scenarios); incorporate specific sampling requirements into national legislation; design and develop a Sampling Plan on a case by case basis. The Technical Reports display a range of potential approaches and tools to enable the project manager to tailor his sampling plan to a specific testing s
14、cenario (i.e. a shop shelf approach to sampling plan development for waste testing). This approach allows flexibility in the selection of the sampling approach, sampling point, method of sampling and equipment used. This Technical Report describes the boundary conditions and procedures, appropriate
15、for application in the field, for the packaging, preservation, short-term storage and transport of samples to assist in maintaining their integrity prior to delivery at the laboratory. The laboratory facility should be consulted in the selection of the most appropriate procedure to ensure compatibil
16、ity with the chosen analytical methodology and parameters to be tested as defined in EN 14899 - Framework standard. This report does not attempt to provide a definitive procedure for each and every situation that may arise from sampling a given waste type or specific analytical requirement, rather i
17、t aims to expose the factors that influence the selection of these practical field activities to ensure the most appropriate procedure is selected for any given sampling scenario. The most appropriate approach, tools, and methodology, in the absence of an existing recognised Sampling Plan should be
18、chosen on a scenario-specific basis. However, this does not present a barrier to technical innovation, and there is no reason why methodologies other than those detailed in this Technical Report cannot be substituted. CEN/TR 15310-4:20064 Introduction Wastes are materials, which the holder discards,
19、 or intends or is required to discard, and which may be sent for final disposal, reuse or recovery. Such materials are generally heterogeneous and it will be necessary therefore to specify in the testing programme the amount of material for which the characteristics of interest need to be defined. T
20、he testing of wastes allows informed decisions to be made on how they should be treated (or not), recovered or disposed. In order to undertake valid tests, some sampling of the waste is required. The principal component of the standard EN 14899 is the mandatory requirement to prepare a Sampling Plan
21、, within the framework of an overall testing programme as illustrated in Figure 1 of EN 14899:2005. This standard can be used to: produce standardised sampling plans for use in regular or routine circumstances (i.e. the elaboration of daughter/derived standards dedicated to well defined sampling sce
22、narios); incorporate specific sampling requirements into national legislation; design and develop a Sampling Plan on a case by case basis. The development of a Sampling Plan within this framework involves the progression through three steps or activities. 1) Define the Sampling Plan; 2) Take a field
23、 sample in accordance with the Sampling Plan; 3) Transport the laboratory sample to the laboratory. This Technical Report provides information to support Key Steps 2 and 3 of the Sampling Plan process map and elaborates on methods and boundary conditions for preserving, packaging and storing samples
24、 to preserve their integrity, in addition to the transportation and delivery of a sample to the designated analytical facility. Sample integrity may be compromised if insufficient attention is paid to correct packaging, preservation, and storing and transport techniques. This may result in a sample,
25、 which is not representative of the sample population. The selection of the most appropriate procedure should be in collaboration with the laboratory facility designated to undertake testing to ensure compatibility with the chosen analytical methodology and parameters to be tested. Specifically this
26、 Technical Report supports 4.2.8.3 of the Framework Standard. This Technical Report should be read in conjunction with the Framework Standard for the preparation and application of a Sampling Plan as well as the other Technical Reports that contain essential information to support the Framework Stan
27、dard. The full series comprises: EN 14899 Characterization of waste - Sampling of waste materials - Framework for the preparation and application of a Sampling Plan; CEN/TR 15310-1, Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 1: Guidance on selection and application of criteria for sa
28、mpling under various conditions; CEN/TR 15310-2, Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 2: Guidance on sampling techniques; CEN/TR 15310-4:20065 CEN/TR 15310-3, Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 3: Guidance on procedures for sub-sampling in the field; CEN
29、/TR 15310-4, Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 4: Guidance on procedures for sample packaging, storage, preservation, transport and delivery; CEN/TR 15310-5, Characterization of waste Sampling of waste materials Part 5: Guidance on the process of defining the Sampling Plan.
30、The Technical Reports contain procedural options (as detailed in Figure 2 of EN 14899:2005) that can be selected to match the sampling requirements of any testing programme. CEN/TR 15310-4:20066 1 Scope This Technical Report describes procedures for the packaging, preservation, short-term storage an
31、d transport of both solid and liquid waste samples, including paste-like substances and sludges. Where available and appropriate for field application, requirements for specific storage conditions and/or preservation methods should be selected from the chosen analytical standard and collaboration wi
32、th the testing laboratory. NOTE 1 This Technical Report provides a shop shelf of example sampling techniques that can be selected to meet a wide range of sampling situations. For a specific situation one of the presented procedures may be appropriate. NOTE 2 The procedures listed in this Technical R
33、eport reflect current best practice, but these are not exhaustive and other procedures may be equally relevant. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referenc
34、es, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13965-1:2004, Characterization of waste - Terminology - Part 1: Material related terms and definitions EN 13965-2:2004, Characterization of waste - Terminology - Part 2: Management related terms and definitions
35、3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in EN 13965-1:2004 and EN 13965- 2:2004 and the following apply 3.1 analytical laboratory identified laboratory, which is to undertake the chemical, biological or physical analysis of samples 3.2 const
36、ituent property or attribute of a material that is measured, compared or noted 3.3 delivery transfer of custody of the sample 3.4 field sample quantity (mass or volume) of material obtained through sampling without any sub-sampling 3.5 laboratory sample sample(s) or sub-sample(s) sent to or received
37、 by the laboratory. IUPAC, definition 2.5.5 NOTE 1 When the laboratory sample is further prepared (reduced) by subdividing, mixing, grinding, or by combinations of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the laboratory sample is required, the laboratory sample is the
38、test sample. CEN/TR 15310-4:20067 NOTE 2 The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is the initial sample from the point of view of the laboratory. 3.6 packaging act of placing a sample into an appropriate sample container for transport and/or storag
39、e ISO 11074:2005 3.7 preservation any procedure used to stabilise a sample in such a way that the properties under examination are maintained stable from the collection step until preparation for analysis ISO 11074:2005 3.8 sample portion of material selected from a larger quantity of material ISO 1
40、1074:2005 NOTE 1 The manner of selection of the sample should be described in a sampling plan. NOTE 2 The use of the term sample should be supported with a preface as far as possible as it does not indicate to which step of the total sampling procedure it is related when used alone e.g. field sample
41、, laboratory sample. 3.9 storage process and the result of keeping a sample available under predefined conditions for a usually specified time interval between collection and further treatment of the sample ISO 11074:2005 3.10 transport act of transferring a sample from the locality of sampling to t
42、he place of subsequent treatment (e.g. laboratory, soil-specimen bank etc.) ISO 11074:2005 4 Packing and labelling the sample 4.1 Selecting a sample container 4.1.1 General Sample containers can be made from many different types of materials, some of which may react or contaminate a specific type of
43、 sample. To avoid any accidental contamination by the sample container or derogation of the sample the project manager should seek scientific advice, usually from the receiving laboratory, regarding the type and size of sample(s) and container(s), appropriate preservation method(s) if applicable, ma
44、ximum storage time prior to analysis, and the labelling system. The maximum storage time prior to analysis will indicate the period of time available before the sample has to arrive at the laboratory. In general, this period has to be as short as possible. Once the details have been agreed, the Samp
45、ler should follow the methods detailed in the sampling plan. The purpose of the sample container is to protect the sample during transport and storage until it is further treated or analysed. A container should be compatible with the nature of the material sampled and the components to be analysed.
46、In general: collect samples for inorganic analysis in plastic containers; CEN/TR 15310-4:20068 NOTE It is common practice to include low-density polyethylene bottles or tubs. Strong polyethylene plastic bags are useful for bulky solid samples. Samples should be collected for organic analysis in glas
47、s containers. select a sample container having a size relative to the volume of the required sample; select a sample container capable of being sealed. Tamperproof seals are commonly used when performing regulatory sampling. Where specialised containers and preservatives are advised the analytical l
48、aboratories should be encouraged to provide containers that conform to the characteristics of the analytical procedure to be used. Table A.1 details types of containers, preservation and storage conditions for different types of parameters associated with a particular analysis or test. 4.1.2 Type of container The following points should be considered when selecting and preparing sample containers: adsorption into the walls of the container; contamination of the container prior to sampling by improper cleaning; contamination of the sample by the material
