1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 Plastics piping systems Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) Report on the determination of mean abrasi
2、on after a defined number of test cyclesPD CEN/TR 15729:2010 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 15729:2010. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/88/2, Plastics piping for pressure applications. A
3、 list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 60021 0 ICS 23.040.20 Compliance with
4、a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2010. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD CEN/TR 15729:2010TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQU
5、E TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 15729 August 2010 ICS 23.040.20 English Version Plastics piping systems - Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP) - Report on the determination of mean abrasion after a defined number of test cycles Systmes de canalisations
6、 en plastique - Plastiques thermodurcissables renforcs par du verre (PRV) base de rsine de polyester non satur (UP) - Rapport sur la dtermination de labrasion moyenne aprs un nombre dfini de cycles dessai Kunststoff-Rohrleitungssysteme - Glasfaserverstrkte duroplastische Kunststoffe (GFK) auf der Gr
7、undlage ungesttigten Polyesterharzes (UP) - Bericht ber die Bestimmung des mittleren Abriebs nach einer festgelegten Anzahl von Durchlufen This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 26 June 2010. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 155. CEN members are the national standards bod
8、ies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Ki
9、ngdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 15729:2010: E
10、PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions . 5 3 Principle . 5 4 Apparatus. 6 5 Abrasive . 6 6 Test-pieces 7 7 Conditioning 7 8 Procedure. 7 9 Evaluation 9 10 Test report 9 Bibliography 11 PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729
11、:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TR 15729:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa
12、tent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 4 Introduction The procedure described in this Technical Report is intended to be used as a means of assessing and comparing the performance of GRP
13、pipes after being subject to a specified regime of abrasion. The main difference between this regime and other similar procedures is the use of a graded man-made abrasive, Corundum. The specification of the abrasive, ISO 8486-1, specifies the designation and determination of grain size distribution
14、of fused aluminium oxide, silicon carbide and other abrasive materials for bonded abrasives and for general industrial applications. This document, which is indispensable for the application of the proposal, is an ISO standard, which is recognised by the abrasive manufacturing industry throughout th
15、e world. The use of corundum addresses some of the vital issues for abrasion testing, namely particle shape or structure by being a man-made material with consistent chemical formulation and fracture characteristics. The abrasive to be used, i.e. corundum, a crystalline oxide of aluminium that has c
16、rystallized in a Trigonal system, may not be similar to some materials found in sewer piping systems but is used because of its availability world-wide and thereby ensures the consistency of the abrasive used in the test. The test is not intended to simulate any particular conditions in piping syste
17、ms for which pipes conforming to EN 14364 are intended to be used but is merely intended to be a reproducible test procedure for use in a testing laboratory that can be used to provide data for the assessment of abrasion resistance. GRP pipes complying with EN 14364 have not been found to be suscept
18、ible to abrasion in typical sewerage or drainage applications. In the small number of situations where abrasion has been found to be a problem the conditions on site are found to be unusual and also difficult to reproduce in a laboratory and this leads to major difficulties in correlating the perfor
19、mance in the laboratory with those existing on such sites. Data is not currently available which shows a definite relationship between the test and actual pipe operation. However data obtained from this test could be used to establish the relationship if it exists. With the limited amount of testing
20、 already carried out it is considered that there is an improvement in repeatability of the test compared to DIN 19565-1 (no longer published) and testing is continuing to confirm these early findings. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report describes a method for d
21、etermining the mean abrasion of the inner surface of glass- reinforced thermosetting polyester resin (GRP) pipes conforming to EN 14364, measured after a defined number of test cycles of a specified water/abrasive mixture. NOTE The test is performed on a semi-circular channel-pipe test-piece. 2 Term
22、s and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 abrasion a reduction in wall thickness, along the test length at the invert of the channel-pipe test-piece, caused by the test piece being abraded by abrasive during a number of test cycles NOTE It is
23、 expressed in millimetres (see Clause 9). 2.2 abrasive particles of a specified inorganic material (i.e. corundum), which is used for abrading the inner surface of the test-piece 2.3 corundum crystalline oxide of aluminium (Al 2O 3 ), that has crystallized in a Trigonal system NOTE Corundum has a ha
24、rdness which is next to diamond, which accounts for its use as an abrasive. 2.4 mean abrasion a meanmean value of the set of data recording the reduction in wall thickness at predefined points along the test length at the invert of the channel test-piece NOTE It is expressed in millimetres (see Clau
25、se 9). 2.5 test cycle cycle which is a double traverse of the abrasive along the test length at the invert of the test piece, caused by the test piece covering an angle from either + 22,5 to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then returning to the starting position NOTE See Figure 1. 3 Principle A semi-
26、circular channel pipe, with a length of (1 000 10) mm, is closed at its ends by end plates to form watertight seals. The test piece is filled with a specified water/corundum mixture and then covered with a plate. The channel-pipe test-piece is tilted alternately with a uniform rate in the longitudin
27、al direction, covering an angle from either + 22,5 to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then returning to the starting position thereby completing a test cycle (see 2.5 and Figure 1). During each tilt the abrasive slides from one end of the test-PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 6 piece to the
28、 other over the channels inner surface at the invert and thereby causes wear on the inner surface (see Figure 1). After 50 000 cycles the tilting is interrupted, the water and abrasive is removed and measurements are taken over the central 700 mm of the invert at 20 mm intervals to determine the amo
29、unt of wear which has occurred. The test-piece is then refilled with a fresh abrasive charge and clean water to continue the test a further number of cycles until a total of 200 000 cycles (see 8.3.2) is completed. NOTE It is assumed that the following test parameters are set by the standard or spec
30、ification making reference to this Technical Report: a) conditioning temperature and period; see Clause 7; b) number of cycles, if required; see 8.3.2 and item h) of Clause 10. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Tilting frame. The frame should be capable of holding a test piece in a fixed position for the duration of
31、test and tilting the test piece through a 45 arc at a uniform rate of (10 2) cycles per minute (see 2.5). The frame should allow adjustments to be made to the speed of cycling and angle of tilt, to achieve and maintain the requirements of the test procedure. An example of a tilting frame with a test
32、-piece fixed in position is shown in Figure 1. The tilting frame should incorporate equipment capable of: a) recording the number of cycles elapsed for the duration of the test; and b) stop the test after a preset number of cycles. 4.2 Measuring equipment. Device capable of determining changes to th
33、e inner surface of the test-piece, with an accuracy of 0,02 mm or better, along the invert at equidistant intervals not greater than 20 mm. The device should position the test piece at the same location for each series of measurements. If the test-piece is clamped into the measuring device small def
34、ormations or horizontal deviations may occur, which are of the same magnitude as the change in thickness. Such effects will therefore affect the accuracy of the measurement. In order to minimize these influences, reference points should be incorporated on both pipe spigots. Such reference points can
35、 be achieved by gluing thin hard metal strips, which are not susceptible to wear (e.g. knife blades), on the inner surface of the test-piece before starting the test procedure. Both reference points enable the pipe test-piece to be fixed in the measuring equipment at the same position, thereby minim
36、izing potential measurement errors. 4.3 Weighing equipment. Equipment capable of determining the mass of abrasive material, with an accuracy of 0,02 kg or better. 5 Abrasive To help ensure the reproducibility of test results a man-made abrasive, corundum, should be used. The material should conform
37、to Grade F4 of ISO 8486-1:1996. The corundum grade F4 when tested in accordance with ISO 8486-1:1996 should have a particle size distribution conforming to Table 1 and a bulk density between 1,5 g/cm 3 and 1,7 g/cm 3 . PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 7 Table 1 Particle size distribution o
38、f Grade F4 Sieve 1 Sieve 2 Sieve 3 Sieve 4 Sieve 5 Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q 1 /m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q 2 /m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q 3 /m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q 3 +Q 4 /m-% Mesh size mm Residual mass, Q 5/m-% 8 0 5,6 20 4,75 40 4 70 3,35 3 6 Test-pieces 6.1 Geometry Te
39、st pieces should be obtained from GRP pipes, having a nominal size between DN 300 and DN 600 inclusive, conforming to EN 14364. The test piece should be a semi-circular channel pipe with a length of (1 000 10) mm. Prior to the test the test-pieces length, inside diameter and wall-thickness should be
40、 determined to an accuracy of 0,5 mm. 6.2 Number of test-pieces For each test use one test-piece. 7 Conditioning If applicable, condition the test piece in accordance with the referring standard. Unless otherwise specified the test piece should be kept for at least 16 h at the ambient test temperatu
41、re before commencing the test. The test and measurements should be performed at the ambient temperature 5 C. 8 Procedure 8.1 Determination of dimensions Determine and record the geometrical characteristics of the test piece in accordance with 6.1 and the referring standard. For reference purposes, m
42、easure the distance from the measurement plane to the invert surface at at least 35 measuring points, using an appropriate measuring device with an accuracy of 0,02 mm, along the invert of the sample in equidistant intervals not greater than 20 mm. A distance of 150 mm from both ends of the test pie
43、ce should be disregarded for the evaluation so as to avoid errors arising from the non-standard flow of the abrasive at these locations. Record the obtained values. 8.2 Assembling and filling 8.2.1 Position the tilting frame so that the test piece is horizontal (see Figure 1). Remove the lid coverin
44、g the test-piece. 8.2.2 The corundum and water quantities should conform to Table 2. 8.2.3 Weigh the required amount of corundum and place evenly along the invert of the test piece. PD CEN/TR 15729:2010 CEN/TR 15729:2010 (E) 8 8.2.4 Add the required amount of water so that the depth of water and cor
45、undum is (38 2) mm. 8.2.5 Replace the lid over the test-piece. Table 2 Pipe diameter dependent corundum and water quantities Internal diameter mm Corundum F4kg Width of water surface, W mm 300 5,1 203 3 350 5,5 222 3 400 5,8 235 3 500 6,5 265 3 600 7,1 292 3 8.3 Abrading 8.3.1 With a rate of tilting
46、 of (10 2) cycles per minute (see 2.5), alternately tilt the test-piece with uniform speed in the longitudinal direction, covering an angle from either + 22,5 to - 22,5 or - 22,5 to + 22,5 and then return to the starting position, which in each case is a total of 90 to the horizontal axis per test c
47、ycle (see 2.5 and Figure 1). NOTE During each tilt the abrasive slides from one end of the test-piece to the other over the inner surface at the invert and thereby causes wear on the inner surface (see Figure 1). 8.3.2 After a total of 50 000, 100 000, 150 000 and 200 000 cycles, respectively, stop
48、the test, remove the water and abrasive and demount the test piece from the tilting frame and clean. 8.3.3 Dry the test piece with a towel and then mount in a measurement reference frame and take measurements over the central 700 mm of the invert at equidistant intervals, not greater than 20 mm at t
49、he same positions as the previous measurements, to determine the amount of wear which has occurred. Inspect the test-piece and record any signs of damage such as pitting, cracks, delaminations, etc. of the test piece, and whether they are or not within the previously defined measuring points. 8.3.4 Determine the mean abrasion, mean,c , for the number of cycles completed, c, using the procedure described in Clause 9. 8.3.5 Unless a to
