1、BSI Standards Publication Construction products Assessment of release of dangerous substances Part 2: Horizontal dynamic surface leaching test PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 16637-2:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was
2、entrusted to Technical Committee B/557, Construction products Assessment of dangerous substances. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are resp
3、onsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 57320 0 ICS 13.040.20; 19.040; 91.100.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under t
4、he authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16637-2 August 2014 ICS 13.040.20;
5、 19.040; 91.100.01 English Version Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 2: Horizontal dynamic surface leaching test Produits de construction - Evaluation de lmission de substances dangereuses - Partie 2: Essais horizontaux et dynamiques de la lixivation des su
6、rfaces Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefhrlichen Stoffen - Teil 2: Horizontale dynamische Oberflchenauslaugprfung This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 25 February 2014 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to thr
7、ee years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS av
8、ailable promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austri
9、a, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
10、 Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN n
11、ational Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 E PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 11 5 Principle . 12 6 Reagents 13 7 Equipment . 13 8 Sample preparation
12、 14 8.1 General . 14 8.2 Provisions on test sample and test portion . 14 8.3 Determination of the geometric surface area 16 8.3.1 General . 16 8.3.2 Regular test pieces . 16 8.3.3 Test pieces with partly irregular side face . 16 8.3.4 Irregular test pieces without any regular sides . 17 9 Test proce
13、dure 17 9.1 Testing conditions 17 9.2 Step 1 of the leaching procedure 18 9.3 Steps 2 8 of the leaching procedure 19 9.4 Measuring the loss of weight 20 9.5 Further preparation of the eluates for analysis and analysis steps 20 9.6 Blank test . 20 10 Evaluation of measurement results 21 10.1 Expressi
14、on of results in concentrations 21 10.2 Expression of results in terms of area related release . 21 10.3 Calculation of release mechanism 22 10.4 Calculating the loss of weight . 22 11 Documentation and test report . 22 12 Test performance 24 13 Indirect methods . 24 13.1 Definition . 24 13.2 Provis
15、ions 24 13.3 Examples of “indirect“ methods . 24 Annex A (normative) Method for Granular construction products with Low Hydraulic Conductivity (GLHC) . 25 A.1 Scope . 25 A.2 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 25 A.3 Principle . 25 PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 3 A.4 Equipment 25
16、A.5 Sampling. 26 A.6 Procedure . 26 A.7 Data handling and reporting. 30 Annex B (normative) Assessment of release mechanisms (if required) 31 B.1 Overview of release mechanisms 31 B.2 Procedure of identification of release mechanisms 32 B.3 Concentrations close to the limit of quantification . 33 B.
17、4 Diffusion controlled release of a substance . 34 B.5 Dissolution controlled release of a substance . 36 B.6 Other release mechanism . 37 B.7 Calculation of release . 39 B.8 Examples 41 Annex C (informative) Examples of the test set up for construction products (DSLT) . 56 Annex D (informative) Exa
18、mples of data about the L/A ratio 57 Bibliography 58 PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 16637-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351 “Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is h
19、eld by NEN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Europe
20、an Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This Technical Specification was elaborated on the basis of CEN/TS 15863 1, which is based on NEN 7375:2005 2. This Technical Specification specifies a dynamic surface leaching test for determination of surface dependent release of substances fr
21、om monolithic or plate-like or sheet-like construction products or granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity under standardized conditions. CEN/TS 16637-1 deals with the determination and use of test methods for leaching of construction products taking specific situations into a
22、ccount. Technical Specification FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) specifies an up-flow percolation test to determine the leaching behaviour of granular construction products under standardized percolation conditions. Background information on characterization of leaching behaviour of construction p
23、roducts can be found in Technical Reports provided by CEN/TC 351 (i.e. CEN/TR 16098 3, CEN/TR 16496 4). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, C
24、roatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey an
25、d the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 5 Introduction The informative introduction describes the interactions and interrelations between the three Technical Specifications CEN/TS 16637-1, CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) developed to assess the relea
26、se of dangerous substances from construction products into soil, surface water and ground water in the framework of the Mandate M/366. The horizontal test methods developed under the Mandate M/366 are intended to be used to show compliance with notified regulations. The tests cover the release of su
27、bstances from construction products and in particular those that are regulated in notified regulations in one or more EU member states. CEN/TS 16637-1 specifies how the CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA experts are to determine the appropriate release method for the determination of the rele
28、ase of Regulated Dangerous Substances from a construction product into soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) contain the two horizontal leaching tests that are needed to address the leaching properties of the construction products. CEN/TS 16637-2
29、describes a test to assess surface dependent release from monolithic, plate-like or sheet-like construction products while FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) describes a test to assess release from granular construction products. The test methods specified in CEN/TS 16637-2 and FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in
30、 preparation) can be used for both steps in the hierarchy (type testing and factory production control) and are supposed to be used as the reference test for the intended uses and conditions specified in CEN/TS 16637-1. In this hierarchy of testing conditionally “indirect tests“ can be used, but are
31、 not specified. The release of substances upon contact with water results in a potential risk to the environment during the intended use of construction products. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching behaviour of construction products and thereby allow assessments of the release of
32、Regulated Dangerous Substances from such products to soil, surface water and groundwater under intended conditions of use in relation to CE marking. Technical Product Committees are expected to apply the test standards developed in CEN/TC 351 for their products in order to test the potential release
33、 of Regulated Dangerous Substances to soil, surface water and groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-1 is intended to provide clear procedures to determine which test method is appropriate for a given product. CEN/TS 16637-1 aims to provide the information, needed in a CEN Technical Product Committee, on how to
34、deal with the relevant test method(s) to enable the producer to declare a performance in the CE marking as a result of the test. CEN Technical Product Committees are referred to the informative Annex A and Annex B of CEN/TS 16637-1:2014and to CEN/TR 16098, 3, for background information on the follow
35、ing aspects: a) identification of the products addressed in the product standards which have relevance with respect to the release of dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater (products only applied in the interior of buildings are not subject to testing for these properties); b)
36、 description of the intended conditions of use of the construction product (e.g. above ground exposed to the precipitation, or shielded from direct infiltration, in surface or ground water) in respect to the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances into soil, surface water and groundwater; c) ident
37、ification of main release mechanisms. Impact assessment is not part of the work of CEN/TC 351. In addition to existing validation results, in 2011 CEN/TC 351 began an extensive research program on robustness validation of the existing tank leaching and percolation tests. This was carried out by a co
38、nsortium of European experts on 20 construction products to unify differences from the protocols in different CEN Member States and to check the influence of testing conditions on the test result (e.g. temperature, flow rate, renewal scheme, etc. 5). The results of the research program confirmed the
39、 robustness of the horizontal tests PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 6 known from former works. Conclusions from the program have been implemented into the Technical Specifications for the test methods. However, the performance of the leaching test regarding repeatability and reproducib
40、ility is dependent on the tested construction product and on the testing conditions. When these Technical Specifications of the horizontal leaching tests are adopted by CEN, the leaching tests referred to in these Technical Specifications will not yet be fully validated. No data will be available on
41、 repeatability and reproducibility for the range of construction products. For other, sometimes comparable, matrices performance data are available from national as well as EU validation studies. PD CEN/TS 16637-2:2014CEN/TS 16637-2:2014 (E) 7 1 Scope (1) This Technical Specification specifies a Dyn
42、amic Surface Leaching Test (DSLT) which is aimed at determining the release per unit surface area as a function of time of inorganic and/or non-volatile organic substances from a monolithic, plate- or sheet-like product, when it is put into contact with an aqueous solution (leachant). The test metho
43、d is not suitable for substances that are volatile under ambient conditions. (2) This test is a parameter specific test focusing on identifying and specifying parameter specific properties tested under specified conditions. It is not aimed at simulating real situations. The application of results to
44、 specific intended conditions of use may be established by means of modelling (not included in this Technical Specification). (3) The modification for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity (Annex A) applies for granular particles with so little drainage capacity between the
45、grains that percolation in percolation tests and in practice is nearly impossible. (4) The test method applies to more or less regularly shaped test portions consisting of monolithic test pieces with minimum dimensions of 40 mm in all directions (volume 64 000 mm 3(64 cm 3 ). It also applies to plat
46、e- or sheet-like products with surface areas of minimum 10 000 mm 2(100 cm 2 ) exposed to the leachant. Products designed to drain water (e.g. draining tiles, porous asphalt) and monolithic granular products according to CEN/TS 16637-1:2014, Table 1, are also tested by this test method. All products
47、 to be tested are assumed to maintain their integrity over a time frame relevant for the considered intended use. (5) Metals, metallic coatings and organic coatings on metals are excluded from the scope of CEN/TS 16637-2 because the principles of this test (diffusion) are not obeyed by these product
48、s. Guidance on the need for testing of these products is under consideration. (6) For some coatings (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be changed in permanent contact with water. For these products C
49、EN/TS 16637-2 is not appropriate. (7) Guidance on the applicability of the test method to a given product is outlined in CEN/TS 16637-1. NOTE 1 This test method is only applicable if the product is chemically stable and the matrix does not dissolve. For construction products that may be used in contact with water this usually should not be the case as construction products should then be dimensionally stable. If a product may substantially wear in its intended use, the test cannot provide proper information. If the product contains a substantial amount of
