1、BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 Standing ladder durability test specificationPD CEN/TS 16665:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 16665:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/
2、512, Ladders. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Publish
3、ed by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 83717 3 ICS 97.145 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued
4、since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dPD CEN/TS 16665:2014TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16665 May 2014 ICS 97.145 English Version Standing ladder durability test specification Mthode dessais de la durabilit des chelles Prfung der Dauerhaltbark
5、eit von Stehleitern This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 20 January 2014 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the
6、question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national sta
7、ndards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
8、 Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIO
9、N EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 16665:2014 EPD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Forew
10、ord 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Durability test method .5 4.1 General 5 4.2 Principle 5 4.3 Apparatus .6 4.3.1 General 6 4.3.2 Thrust surface/pad.7 4.3.3 Rigid structure to secure the cylinders and pads position .8 4.3.4 Testing surface . 11 4.3.
11、5 Elastic ropes/tapes . 11 4.4 Test condition . 11 4.4.1 Ambient condition 11 4.5 Test requirements . 11 4.6 Test procedure 11 4.7 Test report . 12 PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 16665:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 93 “Ladders”, th
12、e secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulatio
13、ns, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, I
14、taly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 4 Introduction The use of a CEN Technical Specification has been agreed by CEN/TC 93 t
15、o enable further testing and validation of a standing ladder durability test and ultimately rapid incorporation into EN 131-2. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies the method of the test for the standing ladder durability requirements evaluation
16、. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any ame
17、ndments) applies. EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011, Ladders - Part 1: Terms, types, functional sizes EN 10088-2:2005, Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document,
18、the terms and definitions given in EN 131-1:2007+A1:2011 and the following apply. 3.1 ladder collapse collapse that happens when the defined load value of (1500 50) N is not maintained by the thrust device 3.2 ladder rupture rupture that happens when the ladder breaks and this impairs the fitness fo
19、r use of the ladder 3.3 test step sequence of 10 000 cycles Note 1 to entry: see 4.5. 4 Durability test method 4.1 General This test is for standing ladders or combination ladders used as standing ladders. 4.2 Principle The standing ladder is placed in position of use on the testing surface with the
20、 4 standing ladder stiles constrained to a fixed part by elastic rope/tape to prevent excessive progressive movement of the standing ladder (see Figure 1). Two equal loads P 1and P 2are applied to the standing ladder by testing apparatus following a well defined load versus time law of cycles: one l
21、oad is applied to the topmost rung/step/platform and the other one is applied to the rung/step in the middle of the ascending leg. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 6 The load application shall continue until the defined load value is maintained by the thrust device or until to the collapse
22、 of standing ladder. The maximum number of cycles is registered. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 stainless steel P 1and P 2equal loads Figure 1 Scheme of principle of the test durability for standing ladder 4.3 Apparatus 4.3.1 General The load shall be provided by pneumatically or oleodynamic system
23、. An equipment of control and of check of the overall system shall be installed in order to ensure the requirements of 4.5 (see Figure 2). PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 7 Key 1 rigid testing surface 2 rigid uprights 3 rigid cross bar to join permanently the two uprights 4 1 rigid upper
24、mobile cross bar to secure one cylinder 5 1 rigid lower mobile cross bar to secure one cylinder 6 2 cylinders 7 2 cylindrical pads as thrust surface 8 2 load cells 9 1 flat element of 20 mm of thickness 10 4 elastic ropes/tapes Figure 2 Example of apparatus that could be used to apply the load 4.3.2
25、 Thrust surface/pad The two loads shall be applied to the rung/step/platform by a cylindrical rubber pad as thrust surface. Pad dimension shall be the following: (60 5) mm of diameter and a height of (25 5) mm (see Figure 3). PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 8 Pad shore hardness shall be i
26、n the following range: (60 5) SHA 4.3.3 Rigid structure to secure the cylinders and pads position The structure shall be so rigid in such manner to be capable to support the two cylinders so that during the test their central vertical axes are indeed vertical and so that it does not move. The struct
27、ure shall permit to adjust the two cylinders position in x, y and z direction (see Figure 2) in order to meet the pads position respect to the stile both to the rung/step and platform as shown in Figures 3 and 4. PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 9 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 load direc
28、tion and pad centreline 2 pad 3 standing ladder rung/step/platform 4 standing ladder stile 5 standing ladder rung/step 6 standing ladder centre line Figure 3 The initial position of the pad PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 10 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 flat step/rung 6 rounded rung 2
29、stile 7 pad in the middle of the rounded rung 3 pad 8 platform 4 pad tangent to the border of the flat rung/step 9 pad tangent to the border of the platform 5 axis of rounded rung 10 frontal part of the platform Figure 4 Position of the pad PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 11 4.3.4 Testing
30、 surface Stainless steel plate such as number 1.4301, type 2B (cold rolled ground) conforming to EN 10088-2:2005 shall be used as testing surface. The plates shall be cleaned before testing. 4.3.5 Elastic ropes/tapes The four elastic ropes/tapes shall be installed in order to maintain the ladder pos
31、ition during the test in an average position respect to the initial position. The characteristics of the ropes/tapes shall not produce measurable changes in the constrains of simple support between the base of the uprights and the test surface. 4.4 Test condition 4.4.1 Ambient condition The ambient
32、temperature shall be (20 5) C before testing and remain within this temperature range during the test. 4.5 Test requirements The load shall be applied to achieve the pattern of loading as shown in Figure 5. Key P1 P 1cylinder P2 P 2cylinder X time in seconds Y load in Newtons Figure 5 Test load sequ
33、ence (cycles of loads application) The sum of first cycle P1 and the second cycle P2 constitutes the durability test cycle. 4.6 Test procedure The test procedure consists of the following steps: a) verify that no defects are present on the standing ladder; PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E)
34、12 b) place the standing ladder in its position of use at its maximum extension with opening restraints engaged on the test surface with one of the rear feet positioned on the 20 mm thick flat raised element, in order to simulate an uneven surface (see Figure 1); c) determine the rung/step at the po
35、sition located horizontally from the mid-point of the ascending leg. If no rung/step is suitably positioned then select the closest rung/step above this location; d) place one pad/cylinder (P 2 ) on the rung/step determined in (c) so that its centreline is (70 5) mm from the inside face of the stile
36、 corresponding to the side of the ladder where the rear foot is positioned on the 20 mm thick raised element. (see Figures 3 and 4); e) adjust the pad/cylinder so that its vertical distance to the rung/step surface is (5 2) mm (see Figures 3 and 4); f) place the second pad/cylinder (P 1 ) on the top
37、 rung/step/platform so that its centreline is (70 5) mm from the inside face of the opposite stile to P 2and adjust it so that the vertical distance from the pad/cylinder to the rung/step surface is (5 2) mm (see Figures 3 and 4); g) constrain each of the 4 ladder stiles to a fixed element (e.g.by e
38、lastic, rubber, rope, tape etc.) to prevent excessive progressive movement of the ladder; h) verify that each pad/cylinder is separately capable of exerting the test load of (1 500 50) N; i) set the test step at 10 000 cycles; j) start the test as per the test load sequence described in 4.5; k) the
39、load application shall continue until: the defined load value of (1 500 50) N is not maintained by the thrust device (ladder collapse), or the rupture of the standing ladder, or 10 000 cycles has been reached without collapse or rupture of the standing ladder. The maximum number of cycles of the tes
40、t step is registered; l) where no rupture or collapse of the standing ladder is noted set the next test step of an additional 10 000 cycles; m) repeat steps (j) to (l) up to a maximum of 50 000 completed cycles; n) the total cycles of the durability test is the sum of each cycle. 4.7 Test report The
41、 test report shall contain at least: a) total cycles of the durability test; b) description of the mode failure if any: ladder collapse or ladder rupture; c) description of damaged elements if any, e.g. hinge joint, pivots/seats, element connections, opening restrain devices and their attachments, b
42、earing elements, rung/step, platform; d) significant photos of the ladder after the durability test including damages if any; PD CEN/TS 16665:2014 CEN/TS 16665:2014 (E) 13 e) photos of the apparatus used. This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the national body resp
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