1、Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 14: Determination of the uncertainties of attenuation measurements in fibre plants PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 Incorporating corrigendum April 2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword T h
2、i s P u b l i s h e d D o c u m e n t i s t h e U K i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f I E C / T R 61282-14:2016, incorporating corrigendum April 2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/3, Fibre optic systems and ac
3、tive devices. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Publ
4、ished by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 94415 4 ICS 33.180.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2016. Amendments/corrigend
5、a issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 31 May 2016 Implementation of IEC corrigendum April 2016: Table C.1 updated IEC TR 61282-14 Edition 1.0 2016-01 TECHNICAL REPORT Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 14: Determination of the uncer
6、tainties of attenuation measurements in fibre plants INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-3111-1 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour insid
7、e PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 2 IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 8 3.1 Terms and definitions 8 3.2 Abbreviations 10 4 Overview of uncertainty . 10 4.1 What is uncertainty? . 10 4.2 Origin of u
8、ncertainties . 10 4.3 What may not be considered as uncertainty? 10 5 Fibre cabling attenuation measurement . 11 5.1 Measurement methods 11 5.2 Sources of uncertainty to be considered . 11 5.2.1 Analysis . 11 5.2.2 Uncertainties due to the environment . 14 5.2.3 Uncertainties due to operator skills
9、14 5.2.4 Uncertainties due to measurement methods 14 5.2.5 Uncertainties due to measuring instruments 14 5.2.6 Uncertainties due to the setup . 16 5.2.7 Uncertainties due to cabling. 16 6 Uncertainties estimation 17 6.1 Measurement model 17 6.2 Accumulation of uncertainties . 18 7 General representa
10、tion of the equation using sensitivity coefficients 19 8 Calculation 22 8.1 Combined standard uncertainty . 22 8.2 Expanded uncertainty . 22 8.3 Determination of the coverage factor k 22 8.3.1 General approach 22 8.3.2 Discussion . 22 8.3.3 Typical values of degree of freedom 23 Annex A (normative)
11、Mathematical basis . 24 A.1 General . 24 A.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty . 24 A.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty . 24 A.4 Determining the combined standard uncertainty 25 A.5 Reporting 26 Annex B (informative) Measurement methods 27 B.1 Measurement methods as per IEC 61280-4-1 and 61280-4-2 2
12、7 B.1.1 General . 27 B.1.2 Measurement configuration 27 B.1.3 One-cord reference configuration 27 B.1.4 Two-cord reference configuration 28 B.1.5 Three-cord reference configuration 28 PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 3 B.2 Measurement methods as per ISO/IEC 14763-3:2014 . 28 B.2.
13、1 General . 28 B.2.2 Channels . 29 B.2.3 Links 30 Annex C (normative) Uncertainties evaluation 31 C.1 Type A uncertainties . 31 C.1.1 General . 31 C.1.2 Evaluation of optical source instability and associated uncertainties 31 C.2 Type B uncertainties . 31 C.2.1 General . 31 C.2.2 Evaluation of the p
14、ower meter noise 31 C.2.3 Elements to be considered for power meter stability analysis . 32 C.2.4 Evaluation of the centre wavelength dependence 32 C.2.5 Spectral width dependence 34 C.2.6 Evaluation of the uncertainties due to MM launch conditions . 34 C.2.7 Evaluation of the PDL 35 C.2.8 Uncertain
15、ty of absolute power measurement . 36 Annex D (normative) Typical values of uncertainties 37 Annex E (informative) Linear to dB scale conversion of uncertainties . 38 E.1 Definition of decibel 38 E.2 Conversion of relative uncertainties 38 Bibliography 39 Figure 1 Fish bone analysis . 13 Figure 2 Me
16、asurement model . 17 Figure B.1 Measurement configuration . 27 Figure B.2 One-cord reference measurement . 27 Figure B.3 Two-cord reference measurement . 28 Figure B.4 Three-cord reference measurement 28 Figure B.5 Measurement on channel 29 Figure B.6 Channel reference measurement 29 Figure B.7 Link
17、 measurement configuration . 30 Figure B.8 Link reference measurement . 30 Figure C.1 Typical spectral response of a fibre 33 Figure C.2 Uncertainties due to the launch conditions for a given loss . 35 Table 1 Source of uncertainty (raw list) 11 Table 2 Uncertainties due to measuring instruments 15
18、Table 3 Uncertainties due to the setup . 16 Table 4 Uncertainties due to cabling 16 Table 5 Sensitivity coefficients for IEC 61280-4-1 and IEC 61280-4-2 methods 20 Table 6 Sensitivity coefficients for ISO/IEC 14763-3:2014 methods 21 Table 7 Values of k 95for different values of n 23 Table 8 Typical
19、values of n i. 23 Table C.1 Spectral attenuation coefficients 33 PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 4 IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 Table C.2 Sensitivity coefficients . 33 Table D.1 Typical values of uncertainties . 37 PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMIS
20、SION _ FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDES Part 14: Determination of the uncertainties of attenuation measurements in fibre plants FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical commi
21、ttees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical
22、 Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental
23、and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agree
24、ments of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use a
25、nd are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote
26、 international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicate
27、d in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) Al
28、l users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage o
29、r other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publicat
30、ion. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
31、patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for exam
32、ple “state of the art“. IEC 61282-14, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This publication contains an attached file titled, “Supplemental Data for Section 8”, in the form of an Excel
33、 spread sheet. This file is intended to be used as a complement and does not form an integral part of the standard. PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 6 IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 86C/1339/DTR 86C/1351/RVC
34、Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. A list of all parts in the IEC 61282 series, published under the general title Fibre-optic communication system design guides, can be found on the IEC website.
35、This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publicati
36、on. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are cons
37、idered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 7 INTRODUCTION The determination of the uncertainty of every measurement is a key activity, which should be perfo
38、rmed by applying dedicated methods as extensively presented in reference documents such as ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Guide to the uncertainty of measurement (GUM). This Technical Report shows a practical application of these methods for the determination of the measurement uncertainty of the attenuat
39、ion of fibre optic cabling using optical light sources and power meters as defined in IEC 61280-4-1 and IEC 61280-4-2. It includes the review of all contributing factors to uncertainty (such as launch conditions, spectral width, stability of source, power meter polarization, resolution, linearity, q
40、uality of test cord reference connectors, etc.) to determine the overall measurement uncertainty. The Technical Report applies to the measurement of single mode or multimode fibres without restrictions to the fibre parameters, including mode field diameter, core diameter and numerical aperture. Howe
41、ver, numerical values given in Clause C.2 and typical values given in Annex D are not valid for multimode fibres types A2, A3 and A4. The list of uncertainties presented in this Technical Report is related to this particular application and should be reconsidered if measurement conditions are not co
42、mpliant to measurement requirements defined by IEC 61280-4-1 and 61280-4-2. The reference document for general uncertainty calculations is ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, and this report does not intend to replace it; it only represents an example and should be used in conjunction with ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2
43、008. A brief introduction to the determination of measurement uncertainty according to ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 is given in Annex A. This Technical Report is associated with a calculation spreadsheet (Excel) containing practical calculations. PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016 8 IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 FI
44、BRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DESIGN GUIDES Part 14: Determination of the uncertainties of attenuation measurements in fibre plants 1 Scope This part of IEC 61282, which is a Technical Report, establishes the detailed analysis and calculation of the uncertainties related to the measurement of the a
45、ttenuation of both multimode and single mode optical fibre cabling using optical light sources and power meters. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the
46、edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61280-4-1:2009, Fibre-optic communication subsystem test procedures Part 4-1: Installed cable plant Multimode attenuation measurement IEC 61280-4-2:2014, Fibre-optic c
47、ommunication subsystem test procedures Part 4-2: Installed cable plant Single-mode attenuation and optical return loss measurement ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Te
48、rms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 attenuation L reduction of optical power induced by transmission through a medium such as cabling, given as L (dB) L dB= 10 log 10 (P in /P out ) where P inand P outare the power, typically measur
49、ed in mW, into and out of the cabling 3.1.2 calibration set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument and the corresponding values realized by standards PD IEC/TR 61282-14:2016IEC TR 61282-14:2016 IEC 2016 9 3.1.3 encircled flux EF fraction of the radial-weighted cumulative near field power to the total radial-weighted output power as a function of ra
