1、Dynamic modules Part 6-4: Design guides Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017. The UK participa
2、tion in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/3, Fibre optic systems and active devices. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the
3、 necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 87581 6 ICS 33.180.01; 33.180.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Th
4、is Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC TR 62343-6-4 Edition 1.0 2017-01 TECHNICAL REPORT Dynamic modu
5、les Part 6-4: Design guides Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.180.01, 33.180.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-3879-0 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an author
6、ized distributor. colour inside PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 2 IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 6 4 Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer 7 4.1 Ba
7、ckground. 7 4.2 Optical network evolution 8 4.3 ROADM subsystem technologies evolution . 11 4.3.1 General . 11 4.3.2 Wavelength blocker based ROADMs . 11 4.3.3 Integrated planar lightwave circuits (IPLC) based ROADMs . 12 4.3.4 Wavelength selective switches 13 4.4 ROADM architecture . 14 4.4.1 Broad
8、cast and select architecture 14 4.4.2 Route and select architecture 16 4.4.3 Colourless, directionless and contentionless (CDC) functionality . 17 5 WSS performance characteristics 22 Annex A (informative) ROADM (WSS) component technologies . 23 A.1 General description . 23 A.2 PLC technology 23 A.3
9、 MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) technology . 24 A.4 LCD (liquid crystal device) technology 25 A.5 LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) 25 A.6 DLP (digital light processor) mirror arrays . 26 A.7 Feature comparison of each switching engine technology . 26 Bibliography 28 Figure 1 Reconfigurable op
10、tical network 7 Figure 2 Evolution of optical networks from point-to-point to reconfigurable WDM .9 Figure 3 Schematic of a ROADM node showing functions of wavelength pass- through add or drop, channel power equalization, and optical channel monitoring (OCM) . 10 Figure 4 Evolution of ROADM technolo
11、gies 11 Figure 5 Wavelength blocker based ROADM architecture 12 Figure 6 2-degree ROADM node architecture with wavelength blocker, dynamic OAs and shared OCMs . 12 Figure 7 PLC based ROADM architecture 13 Figure 8 ROADM architecture incorporating a WSS . 14 Figure 9 Broadcast and select architecture
12、 of ROADMs . 15 Figure 10 ROADM architectures . 16 Figure 11 ROADM route and select architectures . 17 Figure 12 8x8 WSS and large port count 1x24 WSS based colourless, directionless and contentionless ROADM architecture . 18 PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 3 Figure 13 Coloure
13、d and directional ROADM architecture including WSS, splitters, AWGs and transceivers (TRx) . 19 Figure 14 Colourless, directionless and contentionless ROADM architecture 20 Figure 15 Technologies for contentionless architecture 21 Figure A.1 Example of PLC devices for ROADM systems . 23 Figure A.2 G
14、eneric internal configuration of WSS (example, MEMS based) 24 Figure A.3 Switching engine of MEMS . 24 Figure A.4 LC switching engine 25 Figure A.5 LCOS switching engine . 26 Figure A.6 DLP switching engine . 26 Table 1 List of key WSS parameters 22 Table A.1 WSS switch engine feature comparison . 2
15、7 PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 4 IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ DYNAMIC MODULES Part 6-4: Design guides Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization
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25、he Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be hel
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27、blished as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC TR 62343-6-4, which is a Technical Report, has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. The text of this Technical Report is based on the following
28、 documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 86C/1400/DTR 86C/1420/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this Technical Report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 5 This document has been drafted in
29、accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 62343 series, published under the general title Dynamic modules, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on th
30、e IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific document. At this date, the document will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on t
31、he cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 6 IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 DYNAMIC MODULES Part 6-4:
32、 Design guides Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer 1 Scope This part of IEC 62343, which is a Technical Report on reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs), provides a description of the ROADMs in dynamic optical networks and related optical component and module technologies, inc
33、luding wavelength selective switches (WSSs). 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions No terms and definitions are listed in this document. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in
34、standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp 3.2 Abbreviated terms AWG arrayed waveguide grating CDC colourless, directionless and contentionless demux demultiplexer DWDM dense
35、wavelength division multiplexing DLP digital light processor EDFA erbium doped fibre amplifier IPLC integrated planar lightwave circuit LC liquid crystal LCD liquid crystal device LCOS liquid crystal on silicon LH long haul MEMS micro-electromechanical systems MPD monitor photo-diode mux multiplexer
36、 OA optical amplifier OEO optical-electrical-optical OCM optical channel monitor PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 7 OADM optical add drop multiplexer PDL polarization dependent loss PLC planar lightwave circuit PMD polarization mode dispersion ROADM reconfigurable optical add/d
37、rop multiplexer TF tuneable filter TRx transceiver Rx receiver 3R regeneration, retiming and reshaping Tx transmitter ULH ultra long haul VOA variable optical attenuator WSS wavelength selective switch WB wavelength blocker WDM wavelength division multiplexing 4 Reconfigurable optical add/drop multi
38、plexer 4.1 Background Optical networks are evolving to address both the rapid growth in capacity demand and highly efficient and seamless connectivity requirements. While high data rate DWDM channels at 40 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s are being introduced in the network to grow the capacity to multiple Tb/s pe
39、r fibre, the uncertainty in traffic demand and the emergence of bandwidth-hungry applications like video-on-demand have turned the industrys focus to dynamic, reconfigurable optical networks. Telecommunication carriers and content providers require switching nodes at their central offices in order t
40、o route, switch and monitor the optical wavelength channels as they traverse the optical network. These switching nodes, as shown in Figure 1, are called reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs), and they are the key nodal sub- systems used in implementing modern optical communication i
41、nfrastructure. Figure 1 Reconfigurable optical network IEC Long haul Regional Metro Access Optical signal being transported across a cascade of multiple reconfigurable nodes PD IEC/TR 62343-6-4:2017 8 IEC TR 62343-6-4:2017 IEC 2017 Different segments of the optical network, long haul (LH)/ultra long
42、 haul (ULH), regional, metro and access, are schematically shown in Figure 1. Generally, the long haul network is optimized for point-to-point traffic with a predictable traffic pattern. The regional and metro networks are characterized by having the bandwidth scalability of long haul with the servi
43、ce flexibility of the access network. In this segment of the network, the traffic pattern tends to be more dynamic and less predictable, requiring the network to have greater flexibility. While ROADMs were first introduced in the LH/ULH part of the network, it is the metro and regional segment where
44、 they offer the highest value proposition. In addition to ease of service provisioning and network reconfigurability, optically routed networks reduce the need for unnecessary processing of through-traffic by eliminating the signal conversion from the optical to the electronic domain and back to the
45、 optical domain for retransmission, thereby significantly reducing cost. Elimination of signal conversion to the electronic domain makes ROADM nodes transparent to traffic data rate and modulation format, enabling easy network capacity upgrade without impacting the live traffic, a key requirement of
46、 service providers. They also include the important function of signal monitoring and power balancing. For dynamic optical networks, it is increasingly important to co-optimize different networking aspects, such as optical layer flexibility and signal impairments. 4.2 Optical network evolution Evolu
47、tion of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission networks is illustrated in Figure 2. Networks have evolved from transmission systems consisting of point-to-point WDM links to modern dynamic and reconfigurable networks. As illustrated in part (a) of Figure 2, the earliest WDM systems incl
48、uded point-to-point high capacity links interconnecting terminal equipment. Transmission links consisted of periodic fibre spans and optical amplifiers for compensating link loss. All wavelengths entering the node are terminated via optical- electrical-optical (O-E-O) conversion at the network nodal
49、 points, where the optical channels are demultiplexed via an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) element, for example, and each wavelength is directed to a receiver of a separate transponder that converts the DWDM signals to the electrical domain, and then to a client optical signal at 1 310 nm for short reach interconnect. Similarly, the egress traffic from the node is sent on a fibre link and is originated from multiplexed DWDM wavelengths from transpo
