1、Optical fibre cables Guidelines to the installation of optical fibre cables PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of IEC/TR 62691:2016. It supersedes PD IEC/TR 62691:20
2、11 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/1, Optical fibres and cables. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not
3、purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 92161 2 ICS 33.180.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal
4、obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 IEC TR 62691 Edition 2.0 2016-06 TECHNICAL REPORT Optical f
5、ibre cables Guidelines to the installation of optical fibre cables INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.180.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3497-6 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor
6、. colour inside PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 2 IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references. 8 3 Installation planning . 8 3.1 Installation specification 8 3.2 Route considerations . 9 3.3 Cable installation Tension considerations . 9 3.4 Duct installati
7、ons Cable tension predictions 10 3.5 Maximum tension or compression force exerted on cable . 10 3.5.1 General . 10 3.5.2 Total cable tension pulling applications 10 3.5.3 Total cable tension pushing, blowing, or pulling applications 12 3.6 Installation temperature . 17 3.7 Information and training .
8、 17 4 Cable installation methods . 18 4.1 General considerations 18 4.2 Safety in confined spaces 18 4.3 FTTX installation . 18 4.4 Pre-installation procedures 19 4.5 Installation of optical cables in underground ducts . 19 4.5.1 Application . 19 4.5.2 Installation using trenchless technique . 20 4.
9、5.3 Cable overload protection methods . 20 4.5.4 Cable bending and guiding systems 20 4.5.5 Winching equipment and ropes . 20 4.5.6 Cable friction and lubrication 21 4.5.7 Cable handling methods to maximise installed lengths 22 4.5.8 Jointing length allowance . 23 4.5.9 Blowing techniques for the in
10、stallation of fiber optic cables into ducts 23 4.5.10 Optical fibre cable installation by floating technique 23 4.6 Installation of aerial optical cables . 23 4.6.1 Application . 23 4.6.2 Installation methods . 26 4.6.3 Cable protection methods . 26 4.6.4 Winching and guiding systems 27 4.6.5 Method
11、s to maximise lengths . 27 4.6.6 Jointing length allowance . 27 4.6.7 In-service considerations 27 4.6.8 Lashed aerial applications 28 4.7 Installation of buried cable . 31 4.7.1 Installation methods . 31 4.7.2 Cables in trenches . 31 4.7.3 Installing cables by ploughing . 33 4.7.4 Methods to maximi
12、se lengths . 33 4.7.5 Jointing length allowance . 33 PD IEC/TR 62691:2016IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 3 4.8 Installation in special situations . 33 4.8.1 Tunnel and building lead-in 33 4.8.2 Bridges 33 4.8.3 Underwater 33 4.8.4 Storm and sanitary sewers . 34 4.8.5 High pressure gas pipes (fiber-in-gas
13、) 38 4.8.6 Drinking water pipes 39 4.8.7 Industrial environments 41 4.9 Installation of indoor cables . 41 4.9.1 General considerations 41 4.9.2 Cable routing . 41 4.9.3 Confined spaces 42 4.9.4 Installation of cables in the vertical riser area of buildings . 42 4.10 Blown systems 42 4.10.1 General
14、considerations 42 4.10.2 Tube installation 43 4.10.3 Fibre and cable installation . 43 4.11 Cable location . 44 5 Lightning protection . 44 Bibliography . 45 Figure 1 Cable tension calculations (Equations (1) to (3) . 11 Figure 2 Cable tension calculations (Equations (4) to (9) . 14 Figure 3 Cable t
15、ension calculations 17 Figure 4 FTTX applications 19 Figure 5 Cable with fitted sock-type grip 21 Figure 6 The “figure-8“ system . 22 Figure 7 Optical fibre cabling in an underground duct . 23 Figure 8 Aerial cable parameters 24 Figure 9 Analysis of forces acting on an aerial cable with ice formatio
16、n . 25 Figure 10 Example of calculated forces for an aerial operation cable design 26 Figure 11 Aerial cable joint point 27 Figure 12 Aerial cable applications . 28 Figure 13 Drive-off (moving reel) method 28 Figure 14 Stationary reel method 29 Figure 15 Minimum bend radius for the optical cable at
17、dead ends (single fixing) and at directional changes (double anchorage) situations . 31 Figure 16 Conduit robotized installation 35 Figure 17 Spring loaded stainless-steel ring Conduit fastening . 35 Figure 18 Schematic drawing robotized installation Drilling 36 Figure 19 Schematic drawing Spanning
18、of optical fibre cables within sewers . 37 Figure 20 Schematic drawing Laying on the ground of optical fibre cables within sewers 37 Figure 21 Picture of an the I/O-port 38 Figure 22 Schematic drawing of cable installation within gas pipe . 39 Figure 23 I/O-port for optical fibre installation in wat
19、er drinking pipes 40 PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 4 IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 Figure 24 Schematic drawing of OF cable installation within drinking water lines . 40 Figure 25 Installation of I/O-ports on high pressure PE drinking water pipes 41 Figure 26 Cable installation by cascade blowing . 44 Table 1 Ca
20、lculation for total tension . 12 Table 2 Calculation for pulling force in Figure 2 14 Table 3 Calculation for pushing force in Figure 2 15 Table 4 Calculation for blowing force in Figure 2 . 16 Table 5 Minimum installation depths . 32 PD IEC/TR 62691:2016IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTERNATIONAL EL
21、ECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Guidelines to the installation of optical fibre cables FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The o
22、bject of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifica
23、tions (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations li
24、aising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters expr
25、ess, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Commit
26、tees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC Nationa
27、l Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does no
28、t provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have t
29、he latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoeve
30、r, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publication
31、s is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. IEC TR 62691, which is
32、a Technical Report, has been prepared by subcommittee 86A: Fibres and cables, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical chan
33、ges with respect to the previous edition: a) more details have been added on cables for lashed applications (transferred from IEC 60794-3-10); b) more details have been added on cables for storm and sanitary sewer applications (transferred from IEC 60794-3-40); c) more details have been added on cab
34、les for high pressure gas pipe applications (transferred from IEC 60794-3-50); PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 6 IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 d) more details have been added on cables for drinking water pipe applications (transferred from IEC 60794-3-60); e) a reference to IEC TR 62263 has been included, concern
35、ing optical cables installation on high voltage power lines; f) a revision, and an update when applicable, has been done on the referred documents. The text of this Technical Report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 86A/1721/DTR 86A/1730/RVC Full information on the
36、voting for the approval of this Technical Report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the sta
37、bility date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPO
38、RTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TR 62691:2016IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 7 I
39、NTRODUCTION Optical fibre cabling provides a high performance communications pathway whose characteristics can be degraded by inadequate installation. This Technical Report provides guidance to assist the user and installer with regard to the general aspects of the installation of optical fibre cabl
40、es covered by the IEC 60794 series, and the particular aspects of the “blowing“ technique. Optical fibre cables are designed so that normal installation practices and equipment can be used wherever possible. They do, however, generally have a strain limit rather lower than metallic conductor cables
41、and, in some circumstances, special care and arrangements can be needed to ensure successful installation. It is important to pay particular attention to the cable manufacturers recommendations and stated physical limitations and not exceed the given cable tensile load rating for a particular cable.
42、 Damage caused by overloading during installation may not be immediately apparent but can lead to failure later in its service life. This document does not supersede the additional relevant standards and requirements applicable to certain hazardous environments, for example electricity supply and ra
43、ilways. PD IEC/TR 62691:2016 8 IEC TR 62691:2016 IEC 2016 OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Guidelines to the installation of optical fibre cables 1 Scope IEC TR 62691, which is a Technical Report, gives recommendations for handling and installing optical fibre cables on metropolitan communication networks. Inst
44、allation methods covered by this document include underground ducts, trenchless technique, blowing in microducts, aerial installation on poles, lashed aerial in metropolitan networks, direct buried and use of trenches. Special installation situations such as tunnelling and lead-in installations, on-
45、bridges, underwater, use of sanitary sewers, high pressure gas pipes and drinking water pipes are commented and detailed. Installation and maintenance of optical fibre cables on overhead power lines including the following are not covered by this document and are referred to in IEC TR 62263: optical
46、 ground wire (OPGW) fibre cable; optical phase conductor (OPPC) fibre cable; optical attached fibre cable (OPAC); all dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) optical fibre cable. IEC TR 62263 includes an extensive coverage on recommendations to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment when installing
47、or maintaining these types of optical fibre cables on overhead power lines. 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Installation planning 3.1 Installation specification The successful installation of an optical fibre cable can be influenced significantly by caref
48、ul planning and assisted by the preparation of an installation specification by the user. The installation specification should address the cabling infrastructure, cable routes, potential hazards and installation environment and provide a bill of materials and technical requirements for cables, conn
49、ectors and closures. The installation specification should also detail any civil works, route preparation (including drawpits, ductwork, traywork and trunking) and surveying that are necessary, together with a clear indication of responsibilities and contractual interfaces, especially if there are any site or access limitations. Post-installation requirements for reinstatement, spares, ancillary services and regulatory iss
