1、BSI Standards Publication PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 Information technology Interoperability with assistive technology (AT) Part 6: Java accessibility application programming interface (API)PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementati
2、on of ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ICT/-/6, ICT Accessibility Co-ordination. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all th
3、e necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 76641 1 ICS 11.180.99; 35.180 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This
4、 Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014Reference number ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IEC TR 13066-6 First edit
5、ion 2014-07-15 Information technology Interoperability with assistive technology (AT) Part 6: Java accessibility application programming interface (API) Technologies de linformation Interoprabilit avec les technologies dassistance Partie 6: Interface de programmation dapplications (API) daccessibili
6、t Java PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, o
7、r posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail
8、 copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedPD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword . v Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and Definitions . 1 3 General Description 5 3.1 Genera
9、l Description 5 3.2 Architecture . 5 4 Using the API . 6 4.1 Overview . 6 4.2 Package javax.accessibility* 7 4.2.1 The AccessibleContext class . 7 4.2.2 The AccessibleAction interface . 8 4.2.3 The AccessibleComponent and AccessibleExtendedComponent interfaces 8 4.2.4 The AccessibleIcon interface .
10、10 4.2.5 The AccessibleSelection interface 10 4.2.6 The AccessibleStreamable interface . 10 4.2.7 The AccessibleTable and AccessibleExtendedTable interfaces 11 4.2.8 The AccessibleText, AccessibleEditableText, AccessibleExtendedText, and AccessibleHypertextText interfaces 12 4.2.9 The AccessibleValu
11、e interface . 13 4.3 Implementing the Java accessibility API 13 4.3.1 Using existing accessible user interface components . 14 4.3.2 Subclassing existing accessible user interface components 16 4.3.3 Creating accessible user interface components “from scratch” . 17 5 Exposing User Interface Element
12、Information . 18 5.1 Role, state(s), boundary, name, and description of the user interface element . 18 5.1.1 Role information 19 5.1.2 State(s) information . 19 5.1.3 Boundary information . 20 5.1.4 Name information 21 5.1.5 Description information 21 5.2 Current value and any minimum or maximum va
13、lues, if the user interface element represents one of a range of values 22 5.2.1 Additional value information: setting values 23 5.3 Text contents, text attributes, and the boundary of text rendered to the screen . 23 5.4 The relationship of the user interface element to other user interface element
14、s. 24 5.4.1 in a single data value, whether this user interface element is a label for another user interface element or is labelled by another user interface element . 24 5.4.2 in a table, the row and column that it is in, including headers of the row and column if present. . 25 5.4.3 in a hierarch
15、ical relationship, any parent containing the user interface element, and any children contained by the user interface element . 26 6 Exposing User Interface Element Actions 27 7 Keyboard Focus 28 7.1 Tracking (and modifying) focus . 28 7.2 Tracking (and modifying) text insertion point 29 7.2.1 Track
16、ing (and modifying) selection attributes . 30 PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) iv ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 8 Events 31 8.1 changes in the user interface element value . 31 8.2 changes in the name of the user interface element 31 8.3 changes in the description of the user
17、 interface element 31 8.4 changes in the boundary of the user interface element . 31 8.5 changes in the hierarchy of the user interface element . 32 8.6 changes in other accessibility aspects of user interface components 32 9 Programmatic Modifications of States, Properties, Values, and Text . 33 9.
18、1 Programmatic Modifications of States . 33 9.2 Programmatic Modifications of Properties 34 9.3 Programmatic Modifications of Values 34 9.4 Programmatic Modifications of Text. 34 10 Design Considerations . 35 10.1 Java Access Bridge for Windows . 35 10.2 Java Access Bridge for Linux / UNIX graphical
19、 environments 36 11 Further Information. 38 11.1 Role extensibility 38 11.2 State extensibility . 39 11.3 Relation extensibility 39 11.4 Interface extensibility . 39 Bibliography . 40 PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved v Foreword ISO (the Internati
20、onal Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established
21、by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field
22、of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for th
23、e different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO an
24、d IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this
25、document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to
26、Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 35, User interfaces. ISO/IEC 13066 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Interoperab
27、ility with assistive technology (AT): Part 1: Requirements and recommendations for interoperability Part 2: Windows accessibility application programming interface (API) Part 3: IAccessible2 accessibility application programming interface (API) Part 4: Linux/UNIX graphical environments accessibility
28、 application programming interface (API) Part 6: Java accessibility application programming interface (API) PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) vi ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved Introduction Assistive technology (AT) is specialized information technology (IT) hardware or software
29、 that is added to or incorporated within a system that increases accessibility for an individual. In other words, it is special purpose IT that interoperates with another IT product enabling a person with a disability to use the IT product. Interoperability involves the ability to add or replace Ass
30、istive Technology (AT) to existing components of Information Technology (IT) systems. Interoperability between AT and IT is best facilitated via the use of standardized, public interfaces for all IT components. This part of ISO/IEC 13066 describes the Java accessibility API that can be used as a fra
31、mework to support software to software IT-AT interoperability on the multiple computing platforms. It also describes the Java Access Bridge for Windows for enabling AT on Windows to interoperate with accessible Java applications on the Microsoft Windows platform and the Java Access Bridge for GNOME
32、for enabling AT on UNIX and GNU/Linux platforms running the GNOME graphical desktop to interoperate with accessible Java applications on UNIX and GNU/Linux environments. NOTE 1 GNOME is both a common and accessible graphical desktop for Linux / UNIX graphical environments, as well as an open source
33、project delivering a collection of software libraries and applications. It was formerly an acronym meaning “GNU Network Object Model Environment”. NOTE 2 The code examples contained in this document are illustrative in nature. With rare exception, they do not include error checking or exception hand
34、ling, and should be treated more like pseudo-code than as cookbook templates that can use directly in applications or assistive technologies. PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 1 Information technology Interoperability with assisti
35、ve technology (AT) Part 6: Java accessibility application programming interface (API) 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 13066 provides an overview to the structure and terminology of the Java accessibility API It will provide: A description of the overall architecture and terminology of the API; Further
36、introductory explanations regarding the content and use of the API beyond those found in Annex A of ISO/IEC 13066-1; An overview of the main properties, including of: user interface elements; how to get and set focus; of communication mechanisms in the API; a discussion of design considerations for
37、the API (e.g. pointers to external sources of information on accessibility guidance related to using the API); information on extending the API (and where this is appropriate); an introduction to the programming interface of the API (including pointers to external sources of information). an introdu
38、ction to the Java Access Bridge for Windows and the Java Access Bridge for GNOME It will provide this information as an introduction to the Java API to assist: IT system level developers who create custom controls and/or interface to them; AT developers involved in programming “hardware to software“
39、 and “software to software“ interactions 2 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 accessible object a part of the user interface that is accessible by and exposes the Java accessibility API Note 1 to entry An accessible object is repre
40、sented by an object of the “AccessibleContext” Java class PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 2.2 application programming interface API collection of invocation methods and associated parameters used by one piece of software to request actions fro
41、m another piece of software SOURCE: ISO/IEC 18012-1 Information technology Home electronic system Guidelines for product interoperability Introduction, definition 3.1.1 2.3 application software software that is specific to the solution of an application problem SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2381-1, definition 10.
42、04.01 EXAMPLE A spreadsheet program is application software. 2.4 Assistive Technology (AT) hardware or software that is added to or incorporated within a system that increases accessibility for an individual EXAMPLE Braille displays, screen readers, screen magnification software and eye tracking dev
43、ices are assistive technologies. SOURCE: ISO 9241-171, definition 3.5 Note 1 to entry Within this document, where Assistive Technology (and its abbreviation AT) is used, it is to be considered as both singular and plural, without distinction. If it is to be used in the singular only, it will be prec
44、eded by the article “an“ (i.e. an Assistive Technology). If it is to be used in the plural only, it will be preceded by the adjective “multiple“ (i.e. multiple AT). 2.5 class a term from object oriented programming, also used in the Java programming language, denoting the definition/description of a
45、n object containing code (methods) and data (fields) EXAMPLE All objects in object oriented programming belong to a class (e.g. a specific window object is an instance of the window class). Note 1 to entry Much of the Java accessibility API consists of these class definitions, and implementations of
46、 the Java accessibility API are instances of these classes. Note 2 to entry In objected oriented programming and specifically in the Java programming language classes can be “subclassed” (e.g. a dialog box class is a subclass of the more generic window class), and portions of the Java accessibility
47、API are implemented as subclasses (e.g. AccessibleRole, AccessibleState, and AccessibleRelation are all subclasses of the more generic AccessibleBundle class). 2.6 compatibility the capability of a functional unit to meet the requirements of a specified interface without appreciable modification SOU
48、RCE: ISO/IEC 2381-1, definition 10.06.11 PD ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014 ISO/IEC TR 13066-6:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 3 2.7 information/communication technology (ICT) technology for gathering, storing, retrieving, processing, analysing and transmitting information SOURCE: ISO 9241-20, defi
49、nition 3.4 EXAMPLE A computer system is a type of ICT.2.13 2.8 interface a shared boundary between two functional units, defined by various characteristics pertaining to the functions, physical interconnections, signal exchanges, and other characteristics, as appropriate SOURCE: ISO/IEC 2381-1, definition 10.01.38 2.9 interface in object oriented programming generally and the Java language in particular an interface is a set of public methods (and potentially publi
