1、BSI Standards Publication Symbol libraries for construction and facilities management PD ISO/TR 16310:2014PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 16310:2014. The development of PD ISO/TR 16310 was supported by the UK techni
2、cal committee, B/555, Construction design, modelling and data exchange, in parallel with the development of the BS 8541 series. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. PD ISO/TR 16310 provides a consistent and rigorous approach to the symbol
3、ogy for construction library objects. It is a resource for those wishing to adopt the methodical approach to the management of such symbols. The principles in this standard have been implemented by the UK construction industry with the development of the BS 8541 Library objects for architecture, eng
4、ineering and construction series to standardize how construction library objects should be prepared and how their quality can be assessed. It provides specific examples of the exchange of construction library objects in industry standard formats. More information regarding the content, representatio
5、n and presentation of this PD ISO/TR can be found below. Content BS 8541-1 covers principles and identification. It implements to the content level in ISO/TR 16310, with emphasis to the type and instance distinction see clause 5.1. It also offers information for classification see clause 5.2. Repres
6、entation BS 8541-3, BS 8541-4 and BS 8541-6 taken together implement the representation level as seen in clause 5.1. BS 8541-3 covers 3D shape and standard geometric measurements. BS 8541-4 gives an overview on expected properties for specification and selection. BS 8541-6 (in preparation) defines t
7、he properties needed to convey product and facility level declarations such as energy, environmental impact and waste rating declarations. Presentation BS 8541-2 covers objects and 2d symbols, and the grammar of putting symbols together, with examples. BS 8541-5 (in preparation), discusses how multi
8、ple product parts and other components provided for context can be transmitted. For example a window lintel (overhead beam) product may be transmitted with a generic window and notional wall, but specific fixings and ties. These two parts implement the presentation level see clause 5.1.1. Together t
9、hey address the issues relating to composing symbols both for an object and for an assembly of objects.PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Stand
10、ards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 85448 4 ICS 01.100.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 Decembe
11、r 2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affectedThis page deliberately left blank ISO 2014 Symbol libraries for construction and facilities management Librairie de symboles pour la gestion de la construction et des amnagements TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 16310 Reference number I
12、SO/TR 16310:2014(E) First edition 2014-12-15 PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means
13、, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 2
14、0 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E)Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Existing standards 1 3 Ongoing standardization related to symbols 3 3.1 BIM 3 3.2 Distributi
15、on 4 3.3 Other disciplines 4 4 Objects and symbols . 4 4.1 Representation and presentation . 4 4.2 Classification . 6 5 Industry cooperation . 7 5.1 Key roles . 8 6 Suggestions for further standardization . 8 6.1 General . 8 6.2 Concepts and principles 8 6.3 Overall library 8 6.4 Access to symbols .
16、 9 6.5 Development of libraries 9 6.6 Organization 9 6.7 Preparations and marketing for implementation . 9 6.8 Maintenance of symbol libraries managed by ISO 10 Annex A (informative) Structuring of symbols .11 Bibliography .14 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E
17、) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a
18、 technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matte
19、rs of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This doc
20、ument was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
21、such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and
22、does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary info
23、rmation. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation, Subcommittee SC 8, Construction documentation.iv ISO 2014 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E) Introduction Drawings, documents, and other presentations are increasingly being
24、 derived from models instead of being produced independently. The content, text, and graphics of the presentation are defined by applying rules, filters, to the model. a) Content is selected from the model by using classification or other properties of the objects therein. b) Appearance, using the p
25、resentation filter, is defined by selecting views, including formatting of content, and applying graphics. The graphics can be taken directly from the model but is often simplified and/or made more distinct by using symbols or simplified representation. c) Presentations in the form of text, drawings
26、, images, or other forms are the result, to be viewed on screen or printed. Technical documentation relies heavily on graphics, whether it is presented on paper as drawings, or displayed on a computer screen. Also, much of the graphics is usually in the form of symbols or simplified representation.
27、A symbol is a shape or a sign which represents something else, like the “flag” that symbolizes a light switch, while simplified representation resembles the object, and has physical dimensions equal to the object. Standardized symbols play the role of a uniform (non-lexical) language that is underst
28、ood in the same way by different readers. The potential benefits of using standardized symbols include savings in producing models and documentation, but above all, they serve to facilitate the efficient use of the documentation, and not least to avoid costly mistakes caused by misinterpretation. Th
29、is Technical Report investigates the needs and requirements within the construction and facilities management sector for symbol libraries, in digital form as well as the conventional printed form. Which libraries are needed? And how should they be defined, distributed, and maintained? The conclusion
30、s will be used to make decisions on future standardization. Present standards for construction-related symbols have been created mainly to support uniform appearance on paper drawings produced by different authors. The need for libraries of agreed symbols has not diminished over the years, but new i
31、ssues related to the use of symbols have surfaced as practice has shifted from manual drafting to the use of computers ISO 2014 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E) for producing drawings and CAD/BIM models. Also, the roles of national and international standards have chan
32、ged over the past few years. Overlapping parts of national and international standards have required the withdrawal of national standards without them being fully replaced by international standards. In particular, this applies to Europe, where published EN standards must not in any part be conflict
33、ing with national standards. Altogether, there is a need for a new approach to symbol standards. This Technical Report is the outcome of a proposal for a joint effort of the committees ISO TC 10/SC 8, Construction Documentation, and ISO TC 59/SC 13, Organization of information about construction wor
34、k. In the final section of this Technical Report are recommendations for future standardization work, for sharing and discussion within the standardization community, in particular ISO TC 10/SC 8 and ISO TC 59/SC 13. Also, the work should be coordinated with standards and activities of buildingSmart
35、 International. The intended goal is to arrive at a common roadmap. Out of this, concrete standardization efforts can be initiated and carried out.vi ISO 2014 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 Symbol libraries for construction and facilities management 1 Scope This Technical Report intends to
36、 specify the requirements and needs for supplying and managing standardized symbolic descriptions of objects that need to be specified in the construction process. Within this context, the term “symbol” is interpreted to cover pure symbolic presentation as well as simplified representation of geomet
37、rical shapes of objects. 2 Existing standards The present situation is that standards are available only for some arbitrary categories of symbols, not covering the everyday needs of those producing and using documentation for buildings and civil works. The following table shows a brief review of ISO
38、 and EN standards as well as national standards for some countries. It is not a complete list but rather examples of the present situation. Standard number Title ISO ISO 3766 Construction drawings Simplified representation of concrete reinforcement ISO 7518 Technical drawings Construction drawings S
39、implified representation of demolition and rebuild- ing ISO 5261 Technical drawings Simplified representation of bars and profile sections ISO 5845 (all parts) Technical drawings Simplified representation of the assembly of parts with fasteners ISO 6411 Technical drawings Simplified representation o
40、f centre holes ISO 6410 (all parts) Technical drawings Screw threads and threaded parts ISO 4067-2 Building and civil engineering drawings Installa- tions Part 2: Simplified representation of sanitary appliances ISO 14617 (all parts) Graphical symbols for diagrams ISO 1219-1 Fluid power systems and
41、components Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams Part 1: Graphical symbols for conventional use and data-processing applications ISO 11091 Construction drawings Landscape drawing prac- tice ISO 7519 Technical drawings Construction drawings General principles of presentation for general arrangement an
42、d assembly drawings ISO 7437 Construction drawings General rules for exe- cution of production drawings for prefabricated structural components TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 16310:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E) Standard number Title ISO 2553 Welded, brazed
43、 and soldered joints Symbolic representation on drawings ISO 6790 Equipment for fire protection and firefighting Graphical symbols for fire protection plans Spec- ification ISO 128-50 Technical drawings General principles of pres- entation Part 50: Basic conventions for represent- ing areas on cuts
44、and sections EN EN 1861 Refrigerating systems and heat pumps System flow diagrams and piping and instrument diagrams Layout and symbols SS - Swedish Standard SS 32269:2008 Construction drawings Representation of fasten- ers SS 32268:2008 Construction drawings Representation Beams and columns of stee
45、l SS 32267:1994 Construction drawings Representation Excava- tion drawings SS 32270:1994 Construction drawings Symbols and designations for fittings SS 32264:1993 Construction drawings Representation on drawings for drainage, water services, heating and mechanical ventilation SS 32260:1986 Construct
46、ion drawings Installations Symbols and designation for heating, ventilation and sanitary installation and for automatic control SS 32231:1974 Symbols and designations for refrigerating plants NS - Norwegian Standard Not updated: NS 2410:1984 Technical drawings Building drawings Draw- ings for struct
47、ural metal work NS 3037:1975 Building drawing Drawings for concrete compo- nents NS 8313:1983 Building and civil engineering drawings Simpli- fied representation of fittings NS 8330:1982 Building and civil engineering drawings Draw- ings for construction of reinforced concrete NS 8331:1982 Building
48、and civil engineering drawings Symbols for concrete reinforcement NS 8340:1987 Construction drawings Installations Graphical symbols for plumbing, heating, ducting and ventila- tion NS 8341:1987 Construction drawings Installations Simpli- fied representation of sanitary appliances NS 8342:1987 Const
49、ruction drawings Installations Graphical symbols for automatic control2 ISO 2014 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 16310:2014 ISO/TR 16310:2014(E) Standard number Title NS 8343:1987 Construction drawings Installations Graphical symbols for refrigerating plants NS-ISO 6790:1986 Equipment for fire protection and fire protection plans Specifications BS - British Standard BS 8541-1 Library objects for architecture, engineering and construc
