1、BSI Standards Publication Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 9: Compliance and enforcement aspects PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 17427- 9:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Comm
2、ittee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Sta
3、ndards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 87426 0 ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee
4、on 30 November 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO 2015 Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 9: Compliance and enforcement aspects Systmes intelligents de transport Systmes intelligents de transport coopr
5、atifs Partie 9: Conformit et aspects relatifs lapplication TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17427-9 Reference number ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) First edition 2015-11-01 PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All
6、 rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested fr
7、om either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E)Foreword i
8、v Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 3 Abbreviations and acronyms . 2 4 How to use this Technical Report 2 4.1 Acknowledgements . 2 4.2 Guidance . 2 4.3 ITS and compliance and enforcement aspects 3 4.3.1 Compliance . 3 4.3.2 Enforcement 3 4.3.3 Compliance and enforcement within
9、 the context of C-ITS 3 4.4 C-ITS compliance and enforcement aspects issues . 3 4.4.1 Private vehicles . 3 4.4.2 Commercial vehicles . 5 4.4.3 Surveillance devices 7 4.4.4 Comparative systems . 7 5 What are the key compliance and enforcement aspects issues 10 5.1 General 10 5.1.1 Application to C-IT
10、S .10 5.2 International approaches .10 5.2.1 United States.10 5.2.2 Europe 11 5.2.3 Australia .11 5.2.4 Other countries 12 6 Policy questions and options 12 6.1 Option 1: Continue current approach 12 6.2 Option 2: Amend current road rules .12 6.3 Option 3: Create guidelines or principles for manufac
11、turers 12 6.4 Option 4: Examine technology options as they develop 12 7 Summary of findings13 Bibliography .16 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of n
12、ational standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Inter
13、national organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those int
14、ended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see ww
15、w.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document
16、 will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and ex
17、pressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
18、 ISO 17427 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS: Part 2: Framework overview Technical Report Part 3: Concept of operations (ConOps) for Core systems Technical Report Part 4: Minimum system requirements and behaviour for core systems T
19、echnical Report Part 6: Core systems risk assessment methodology Technical Report Part 7: Privacy aspects Technical Report Part 8: Liability aspects Technical Report Part 9: Compliance and enforcement aspects Technical Report Part 10: Driver distraction and information display Technical Report The f
20、ollowing parts are under preparation: Part 1: Roles and responsibilities in the context of co-operative ITS architechtures(s) Part 5: Common approaches to security Technical Report Part 11: Compliance and enforcement aspects Technical Report Part 12: Release processes Technical Report Part 13: Use c
21、ase test cases Technical Report Part 14: Maintenance requirements and processes Technical Reportiv ISO 2015 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) This Technical Report provides an informative consideration of Compliance and Enforcement Aspects for Cooperative Intelligent
22、Transport Systems (C-ITS). It is intended to be used alongside ISO 17427-1, ISO/TR 17465-1, other parts of the ISO 17465 series and ISO 21217. Detailed specifications for the application context will be provided by other ISO, CEN and SAE deliverables, and communications specifications will be provid
23、ed by ISO, IEEE and ETSI. ISO 2015 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) Introduction Intelligent transport systems (ITS) (2.7) are transport systems in which advanced information, communication, sensor and control technologies, including the internet, are applied to in
24、crease safety, sustainability, efficiency, and comfort. A distinguishing feature of ITS are their communication with outside entities. Some ITS systems operate autonomously, for example, adaptive cruise control uses radar/lidar/and/or video to characterize the behaviour of the vehicle in front and a
25、djust its vehicle speed accordingly. Some ITS systems are informative, for example, Variable Message Signs at the roadside, or transmitted into the vehicle, provide information and advice to the driver. Some ITS systems are semi-autonomous, in that they are largely autonomous, but rely on static or
26、broadcast data, for example, GNSS (2.6) based SatNav systems operate autonomously within a vehicle but are dependent on receiving data broadcast from satellites in order to calculate the location of the vehicle. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) are a group of ITS technologies where
27、service provision is enabled by, or enhanced by, the use of “live”, present situation related, dynamic data/information from other entities of similar functionality for example from one vehicle to other vehicle(s), and/or between different elements of the transport network, including vehicles and in
28、frastructure for example from the vehicle to an infrastructure managed system or from an infrastructure managed system to vehicle(s). Effectively, these systems allow vehicles to “talk” to each other and to the infrastructure. These systems have significant potential to improve the transport network
29、. A distinguishing feature of C-ITS is that data is used across application/service boundaries. It will be immediately clear to the reader that such systems present possibilities for Compliance and Enforcement. However such issues are highly sensitive, bound closely with issues of personal privacy,
30、and may have a major impact on the whole public acceptance of cooperative ITS. Further Technical Reports in this series are expected to follow. Please also note that these TRs are expected to be updated from time to time as the C-ITS evolves.vi ISO 2015 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 TEC
31、HNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 9: Compliance and enforcement aspects 1 Scope This Technical Report identifies potential critical compliance and enforcement aspects issues that C-ITS service provision may face or introduce; to consider strategi
32、es for how to identify, control, limit or mitigate such issues. The objective of this Technical Report is to raise awareness of and consideration of such issues and to give pointers, where appropriate, to standards deliverables existing that provide specifications for all or some of these aspects. T
33、his Technical Report does not provide specifications for solutions of these issues. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons 2.1 application app software application 2.2 application service service provided by a service provider accessing data from the in-vehicle system (within the vehicle), in the case of C-ITS
34、(2.4), via a wireless communications network, or provided on-board the vehicle as the result of software (and potentially also hardware and firmware) installed by a service provider or to a service providers instruction 2.3 compliance assurance that equipment or a service behaves within a set of pre
35、determined, declared and accepted parameters 2.4 cooperative ITS C-ITS group of ITS technologies where service provision is enabled, or enhanced by, the use of live, present situation related, data/information from other entities of similar functionality (for example, from one vehicle to other vehic
36、le(s), and/or between different elements of the transport network, including vehicles and infrastructure (for example, from the vehicle to an infrastructure managed system or from an infrastructure managed system to vehicle(s) 2.5 enforcement regulatory measures to ensure observance with certain req
37、uirements 2.6 global navigation satellite system GNSS several networks of satellites that transmit radio signals containing time and distance data that can be picked up by a receiver, allowing the user to identify the location of its receiver anywhere around the globe ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1
38、PD ISO/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) 2.7 intelligent transport systems ITS transport systems in which advanced information, communication, sensor and control technologies, including the internet, are applied to increase safety, sustainability, efficiency, and comfort 2.8 jurisdiction govern
39、ment, road or traffic authority which makes and enforce regulations EXAMPLE Country, state, city council, road authority, government department (customs, treasury, transport), etc. 2.9 type approval certificate of conformity granted to a product that meets a minimum set of regulatory, technical and
40、safety requirements, generally, by regulation required before certain products are allowed to be sold Note 1 to entry: Often called Homologation. 3 Abbreviations and acronyms ANPR automatic number plate recognition C-ITS cooperative intelligent transport systems, cooperative ITS ITS intelligent tran
41、sport systems (2.7) TR technical report TTA Transport Ticketing Authority 4 How to use this Technical Report 4.1 Acknowledgements Much of the inspiration for this Technical Report and its considerations and content originate from the reports l “Cooperative ITS Regulatory Policy Issues” and “Cooperat
42、ive Intelligent Transport Systems Policy Paper” National Transport Commission, Australia. And this source is acknowledged and thanked. References 9 and 10. Contribution from the European Commission project EETS is also acknowledged. See Bibliography for further details. 4.2 Guidance This Technical R
43、eport is designed to provide guidance and a direction for considering the issues concerning compliance (2.3) and enforcement (2.5) aspects associated with the deployment of C-ITS service provision. It does not purport to be a list of all potential compliance and enforcement aspects factors, which wi
44、ll vary according to the application service (2.2) being provided, the regime of the jurisdiction (2.8), the location of the instantiation, and to the form of the instantiation; nor does it provide definitive specification for the solution of these issues. Rather, this Technical Report discusses and
45、 raises awareness of the major compliance and enforcement aspects issues to be considered, and provides guidance and direction for considering and managing compliance and enforcement aspects in the context of future and instantiation specific deployments of C-ITS.2 ISO 2015 All rights reserved PD IS
46、O/TR 17427-9:2015 ISO/TR 17427-9:2015(E) 4.3 ITS and compliance and enforcement aspects Whilst they share the common framework of being regulatory measures, compliance and enforcement within the context of C-ITS are two very different, though in some cases closely linked, paradigms. 4.3.1 Compliance
47、 Compliance is defined by the Oxford English dictionary as the state or fact of according with or meeting rules or standards. 4.3.2 Enforcement Enforcement is defined by the Oxford English dictionary as the act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation. 4.3.3 Complian
48、ce and enforcement within the context of C-ITS Within the context of C-ITS, the term compliance may therefore simply be applied to the assurance that equipment or a service behaves within a set of predetermined, declared and accepted parameters. Enforcement may be considered to be regulatory measure
49、s to ensure observance with certain requirements. While this at one end of the spectrum may imply that those who provide defective equipment or services (non-compliance) will face unpleasant consequences, so as to encourage them not to so by default, at the other end of the spectrum enforcement may also, and in a different paradigm, mean that specific C-ITS services, or information from C-ITS services, could be developed to pe
