1、BSI Standards Publication PD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016 Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 3: Welding processesPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 25901-3:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted
2、 to Technical Committee WEE/1, Briefing committee for welding. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application
3、. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 86433 9 ICS 01.040.25; 25.160.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and St
4、rategy Committee on 31 March 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016 ISO 2016 Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 3: Welding processes Soudage et techniques connexes Vocabulaire Partie 3: Procds de soudage TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 25901-3 Reference
5、number ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) First edition 2016-03-15PD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
6、 otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright o
7、ffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E)Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 2.1 Basic terms and definitions 1 2.2 Terms related to welding
8、 processes . 2 2.2.1 Welding with pressure 2 2.2.2 Fusion welding .22 Annex A (informative) Alphabetical inde x of Eng lish t erms with F r ench and German tr anslations 38 Annex B (informative) Alphabetical inde x of w elding pr oc esses r elat ed t erms defined in ISO 857-1:1998 that w er e not in
9、cluded in this part of ISO/TR 25901 44 Bibliography .45 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii C ont ents PagePD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
10、of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-government
11、al, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the
12、ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possib
13、ility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
14、patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as
15、information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 7, Representation and terms, in collabor
16、ation with Commission VI, Terminology, of the International Institute of Welding (IIW ). This first edition of ISO/TR 25901-3, together with the other parts of ISO/TR 25901, cancels and replaces ISO 857-1:1998 and ISO/TR 25901:2007, of which it constitutes a revision. ISO/TR 25901 consists of the fo
17、llowing parts, under the general title Welding and allied processes Vocabulary: Part 1: General terms Technical Report Part 3: Welding processes Technical Report Part 4: Arc welding Technical Report The following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Safety and health Technical Report Friction weldin
18、g is to form the subject of a future part 5. Requests for official interpretations of any aspect of this International Standard should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44/SC 7 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org.iv ISO 2016 All rig
19、hts reservedPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 3: Welding processes 1 Scope This part of ISO/TR 25901 contains terms and definitions for welding processes, classified in accordance with their physical characteristics and to the
20、relevant energy carrier. It does not contain terms and definitions related to specific processes or particular aspects of welding and allied processes that are covered in other parts of this Technical Report (see Foreword) or in other ISO standards. In the main body of this part of ISO/TR 25901, ter
21、ms are arranged in a systematic order. Annex A provides an index in which all terms are listed alphabetically with reference to the appropriate subclause. In addition, it provides French translations, covering two of the three official ISO languages (English, French and Russian). German translations
22、 are also provided; these are published under the responsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN) and are given for information only. NOTE 1 Only the terms given in the official languages (English, French and Russian) are to be considered as ISO terms and definitions. NOTE 2 All these terms and
23、definitions are also available on the ISO Online Browsing Platform (OBP): h t t p s :/ www.iso.org/obp/ui/ 2 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 Basic t erms and definitions 2.1.1 me t a l w e ld i n g operation which unifies met
24、al(s) by means of heat or pressure, or both, in such a way that there is continuity in the nature of the metal(s) which has (have) been joined Note 1 to entry: A filler metal, the melting temperature of which is of the same order as that of the parent metal(s), can be used and the result of welding
25、is the weld. Note 2 to entry: This definition also includes surfacing. 2.1.2 w e l d i n g w i t h p r e s s u r e welding in which sufficient external force is applied to cause a greater or lesser degree of plastic deformation of both the faying surfaces, generally without the addition of filler me
26、tal Note 1 to entry: Usually, but not necessarily, the faying surfaces are heated in order to permit or to facilitate unifying. 2.1.3 f u s i o n w e l d i n g welding without application of external force in which the faying surface(s) has (have) to be molten Note 1 to entry: Usually, but not neces
27、sarily, molten filler metal is added. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) 2.1.4 energy carrier physical phenomenon which provides the energy required for welding either by transmission to or by transformation within the workpiece(s) Note 1 to entry: The followi
28、ng energy carriers with their respective sequential numbers are used in 2.2: 1) solid body; 2) liquid; 3) gas; 4) electrical discharge; 5) radiation; 6) movement of a mass; 7) electric current; 8) unspecified. Note 2 to entry: When welding using a solid body, a liquid, a gas or an electrical dischar
29、ge, the heat required for welding should be applied to the workpiece(s), while when welding by means of a beam of radiant energy, movement of mass or electric current, the heat (or the mechanical energy in cold welding with pressure) is generated by energy transformation within the workpiece itself.
30、 For a solid body, liquid and gas, the decisive factor is their enthalpy. Electrical discharge and current passage are mechanisms guiding the energy of moving charged particles to the welding zone. In the case of an electrical discharge, this is done by plasma or sparks and in the case of electric c
31、urrent, by resistance heat where the current is produced by induction or transmitted by conduction. Radiation is propagation of energy in the sense of dissemination of waves by light or charged particle beams. For movement of a mass, the characteristic factors are force and displacement in time. Dif
32、ferent kinds of movement are translational motion, rotation and oscillation. 2.2 T erms r elat ed t o w elding pr oc esses 2.2.1 W elding with pr essur e 2.2.1.1 Energy carrier: solid body 2.2.1.1.1 h e a t e d el em en t w el d i n g welding with pressure (2.1.2) where the workpieces are heated by
33、the heating tool in the area where the joint will be made Note 1 to entry: Heating can be constant or pulsating and the weld is made by the application of force without the addition of a filler material. The force is applied by either a wedge shaped tool or through a nozzle through which one of the
34、workpieces is fed.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) 2.2.1.1.2 h e a t e d w e d g e w e l d i n g heated element welding (2.2.1.1.1) by means of a heated wedge Note 1 to entry: Heated wedge welding can also be carried out by energy carrier (2.1.4) movement of
35、 mass (ultrasonic welding (2.2.1.6.1) or as a combination of both. Note 2 to entry: Heated wedge welding is illustrated in Figure 1. Key 1 weld 3 power source 5 workpiece 2 workpiece feed 4 wedge-shaped tool F i g u r e 1 H e a t e d w e d g e w e l d i n g 2.2.1.1.3 h e a t e d n o z z l e w e l d
36、i n g heated element welding (2.2.1.1.1) by means of a heated nozzle Note 1 to entry: Heated nozzle welding can also be carried out by energy carrier (2.1.4) movement of mass (ultrasonic welding (2.2.1.6.1) or as a combination of both. Note 2 to entry: Heated nozzle welding is illustrated in Figure
37、2. Key 1 workpiece 3 nozzle 2 power source 4 weld F i g u r e 2 H e a t e d n o z z l e w e l d i n g ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) 2.2.1.1.4 nail head welding heated nozzle welding (2.2.1.1.3) in which the end of one or two wires which has been fed throu
38、gh the nozzle and heated by a flame or electric discharge, forms a small globule, which under the effect of the applied force is flattened into the shape of a nail head Note 1 to entry: Nail head welding can also be carried out by energy carrier (2.1.4) movement of mass (ultrasonic welding (2.2.1.6.
39、1) or as a combination of both. Note 2 to entry: Nail head welding is illustrated in Figure 3. Key 1 flame 3 power source 5 workpiece 2 molten metal globule 4 nozzle 6 weld Figure 3 Nail head welding 2.2.1.2 Energy carrier: liquid 2.2.1.2.1 f l o w w e l d i n g w i t h p r e s s u r e welding with
40、pressure (2.1.2) where the joint assembly is in a mould and molten metal is poured over the surfaces to be welded until the joint is made Note 1 to entry: The molten metal is often produced by an aluminothermic reaction (see 2.2.2.2.2). Note 2 to entry: Flow welding with pressure is illustrated in F
41、igure 4. Key 1 mould 3 weld 5 molten metal 2 workpiece 4 workpiece F i g u r e 4 F l o w w e l d i n g w i t h p r e s s u r e4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(E) 2.2.1.3 Energy carrier: gas 2.2.1.3.1 o x y f u e l g a s p r e s s u r e w e l d i n g welding wit
42、h pressure (2.1.2) in which the workpieces are heated at the faying surfaces by an oxyfuel gas flame and the weld is made by applying a force without addition of filler metal Note 1 to entry: The assembly may be of the open or closed type. Note 2 to entry: Oxyfuel gas pressure welding is illustrated
43、 in Figure 5. a) Closed assembly b) Opened assembly Key 1 upset 3 welding blowpipe 5 workpiece 2 weld 4 gas flame F i g u r e 5 O x y f u e l g a s p r e s s u r e w e l d i n g 2.2.1.4 Ener gy carrier: electric dischar ge 2.2.1.4.1 m a g n e t i c a l l y i m p e l l e d a r c w e l d i n g DEPRECA
44、TED: magnetically impelled arc butt welding arc welding (2.2.2.4.1) with pressure in which an arc, impelled by a magnetic field, moves along the joint, heating the faying surfaces which are then brought together by a force and welded 2.2.1.4.2 percussion welding welding with pressure (2.1.2) employi
45、ng the heat from an arc produced by a rapid discharge of electrical energy Note 1 to entry: Pressure is applied percussively during or immediately following the electrical discharge. It can be accompanied by additional resistance heating. Note 2 to entry: This process is mainly used for the welding
46、of studs. 2.2.1.4.3 a r c s t u d w e l d i n g arc welding (2.2.2.4.1)with pressure that uses an arc between a metal stud, or similar part, and the workpiece Note 1 to entry: Ceramic ferrule, shielding gas or both may be used. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5PD ISO/TR 25901-3:2016ISO/TR 25901-3:2016(
47、E) 2.2.1.4.4 d r a w n a r c s t u d w e l d i n g d r a w n a r c s t u d w e l d i n g w i t h c e r a m i c f e r r u l e o r s h i e l d i n g g a s arc stud welding (2.2.1.4.3) where a discharge is ignited by lifting the stud and the weld pools are shielded by a ceramic ferrule, shielding gas o
48、r both Note 1 to entry: The welding time is usually more than 100 ms. Note 2 to entry: Drawn arc stud welding is illustrated in Figure 6. Key 1 weld 4 stud (workpiece) 7 lifting magnet 2 arc 5 welding gun 8 power source 3 ceramic ferrule 6 spring 9 workpiece F i g u r e 6 D r a w n a r c s t u d w e
49、 l d i n g w i t h c e r a m i c f e r r u l e 2.2.1.4.5 sh o r t - c y c l e d r a w n a r c s t u d w e l d i n g drawn arc stud welding (2.2.1.4.4) where the welding time is between 10 ms and 100 ms 2.2.1.4.6 c a p a c i t o r d i s c h a r g e d r a w n a r c s t u d w e l d i n g drawn arc stud welding (2.2.1.4.4) in which the electrical energy is provided by the discharge of a capacitor and the welding time is between 1 ms and 10 ms Note 1 to entry: Capacitor discharge drawn arc stud welding is ill
