1、PD ISO/TR 37152:2016 Smart community infrastructures Common framework for development and operation BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06PD ISO/TR 37152:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 3
2、7152:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SDS/1/8, Smart urban infrastructure metrics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provi
3、sions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 87320 1 ICS 13.020.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was p
4、ublished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD ISO/TR 37152:2016 ISO 2016 Smart community infrastructures Common framework for development and operation Infrastructures urbaines intelligentes Cadre
5、 commun pour le dveloppement et les oprations TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 37152 Reference number ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) First edition 2016-08-01PD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unles
6、s otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the ad
7、dress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgPD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1
8、2 Possible issues and solutions in developing and operating smart community infrastructures . 1 2.1 Possible issues and solutions . 1 2.2 Case examples of issues . 5 2.2.1 Difficulties in ensuring consistency among subsystems, without which functionality of the whole system of smart community infras
9、tructures cannot occur 5 2.2.2 Considerable influence by interference of external systems or interactions among components onto the quality and performance of smart community infrastructures . 7 2.2.3 Various interest and wide range of responsibilities dispersed among stakeholders .11 2.3 Related to
10、pics to be clarified when developing and operating smart community infrastructure 12 3 Outline and benefits of the fr ame w or k 13 3.1 General 13 3.2 Elements of the framework .14 3.2.1 Element (A): Allocation of specifications to each component and validation of the allocating procedures .14 3.2.2
11、 Element (B): Specifications associated with interaction including investigation between outside/inside smart community infrastructures and adopt countermeasures into planning and operation .15 3.2.3 Element (C): Process to facilitate the information sharing and communication among stakeholders 16 3
12、.3 Benefits of the framework17 Bibliogr aph y .21 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents PagePD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing
13、 International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liais
14、on with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Dire
15、ctives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of
16、 the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declaration
17、s received. www.iso.org/patents Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs a
18、dherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: http:/ /www.iso.org/iso/ foreword.html The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable development in communities, Subcommittee SC 1,
19、Smart community infrastructures.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) Introduction In the foreseeable future, urban density is likely to increase, resulting in further urbanization complexity. From this perspective, a “smart community” approach is an important conce
20、pt to address such urban challenges by integrating different forms of infrastructures in a rational and efficient manner. An important aspect of a smart community is integrating infrastructures as “a system of systems”. Until now it has not been possible to ensure consistency across infrastructure t
21、ypes to meet the requirements for smart community infrastructures as owners have focused on just assembling solutions to each subsystem of infrastructures. In order to ensure consistency of smart community infrastructures as a whole, first, functions of each subsystem need to be clarified and arrang
22、ed based on the needs for a smart community, and secondly, the perspectives of various stakeholders and lifecycle of infrastructures need to be considered. Thus, a new framework is needed to develop a procedure followed by all stakeholders in order to establish an orchestration function of each smar
23、t community infrastructure component and to achieve information sharing as well as consensus amongst the stakeholders. For this purpose, ISO/TC 268/SC 1/AHG 1 “Common framework for development and operation of smart community infrastructures” was established to conduct preliminary studies to develop
24、 international standards to formulate a framework which realizes well-functioning smart community infrastructures as a whole, considering their characteristics, i.e. “a system of systems”, having various stakeholders, and long lifecycle. These standards will formulate technical procedures for stakeh
25、olders to achieve their accountability in developing, operating and maintaining smart community infrastructures as a system of systems. This document presents the results of the study conducted in the AHG. The framework aims to ensure consistency between smart community infrastructures without overl
26、apping with existing work (see Figure 1). It incorporates the metrics as a KPI of the development, operation and maintenance methodology. YY infrastructure XX infrastructure Sub system Sub system Sub system This framework is concerned to ensure the consistency of different systems consisting smart c
27、ommunity infrastructures so that they function rationally as a whole. Transport infrastructure (Railway) Sub system Sub system Sub system Smart community infrastructures Interaction Interaction F i g u r e 1 S c o p e o f t h e f r a m e w o rk ISO 2016 All rights reserved vPD ISO/TR 37152:2016PD IS
28、O/TR 37152:2016Smart community infrastructures Common framework for development and operation 1 Scope This document outlines the basic concept of a common framework for the development and operation of smart community infrastructures. The framework describes the planning, development, operation and
29、maintenance methodology to facilitate the harmonization of each infrastructure as a part of a smart community and ensures that the interactions between multiple infrastructures are well orchestrated. The framework is applicable to all processes of smart community infrastructures life cycle (from con
30、ceptual design through planning, development, operation, maintenance, redevelopment and feedback). The infrastructures to be covered are energy, water, transportation, waste management, ICT and others. The framework can be adopted by all relevant stakeholders who are engaged in planning, development
31、 and operation of smart community infrastructures, including planners, developers, business operators and suppliers. The framework is intended to cover the processes in which these stakeholders are engaged, such as management, organizational structure, analyses and design methods, and documentations
32、. 2 Possible issues and solutions in developing and operating smart community infrastructures 2.1 Possible issues and solutions Features of smart community infrastructure can be described as below: Smart community infrastructure is infrastructure that has a high level of financial and resource effic
33、iency and convenience for people. To achieve the above state, smart community infrastructure has orchestration function to achieve synergy effect of multiple types of infrastructures to improve financial and resource efficiency and convenience for people, and maintains its efficiency in adaptive man
34、ners against any changes of citys circumstances including disasters and demographic changes to improve financial and resource efficiency and convenience for people (resiliency / dependability). NOTE 1 Efficiency means output performance divided by resource input. NOTE 2 The orchestration function ca
35、n be implemented by either a centralized approach or a decentralized autonomous approach. Since smart community infrastructures have the features shown above, they may have three characteristics different from those of conventional infrastructures (see Figure 2). Issues are identified from the chara
36、cteristics as below. In addition, solutions corresponding to these issues are extracted as elements of the framework. Issues due to “a system of systems” and long life cycle: Difficulties in ensuring consistency among components, without which functionality of the whole system of smart community inf
37、rastructures cannot occur. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) Considerable influence by interference of external systems or interactions among components onto the quality and performance of smart community infrastructures as a
38、 whole. Issue due to the participation of many different stakeholders: Various interest and wide range of responsibilities dispersed among stakeholders. In Table 1, specific issues, extracted from the main three issues described above, are summarized along with solutions that will effectively accomm
39、odate these issues. Water Energy Waste Transportation Governments Operators Integrators Manufacturers Investors Users User Data (including qualities that users receive) Implementation “A system of systems,” including interactions with users (citizens) Various stakeholders Extended scope to entire li
40、fecycle ICT Operation/ Maintenance Implementation/ Testing/ Validation Plan/ Design Concept End of lives Redevelopment and feedback (Solar panels) Reactions Data/Control signals Communications F i g u r e 2 C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f s m a r t c o m m u n i t y i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s2
41、ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E)4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) 2.2 Case examples of issues 2.2.1 Difficulties in ensuring c onsist ency among s ubs y st
42、ems, without w hich functionality of the w hole s y st em of smart c ommunity infr astructur es cannot oc cur 2.2.1.1 V alue added t o smart c ommunity infr astru ctur es as a w hole cannot be sho wn simpl y b y v erifying the performanc e of each subs y st em r esulting in underv aluation of the ap
43、peal int egr at ed infr astructur e benefits (see Figure 3) F i g u r e 3 D i f f i c u l t y i n sh o w i n g a d d e d v a l u e t o s m a r t c o m m u n i t y i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s a s a w h o l e C a s e e x a m p l e ( a ) : I f t h e v a l u e a d d e d o f t h e c o m m u n i t y b r
44、 o u g h t b y t h e s m a r t c o m m u n i t y i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s i s n o t v i s i b l e , i t w o u l d n o t a p p e a l t o u s e r s s u f f i c i e n t l y t o g e t a r e t u r n o n t h e investment. City developers generate profit by increasing value of smart communities (inclu
45、ding intangible elements such as convenience, comfort, low costs and so on), by introducing smart community infrastructures. To give an example, if heat supply system is introduced to a community, which can reuse exhaust heat from sewage treatment facility, it will be an opportunity to appeal to the
46、 users who are willing to live in a community where energy bill and carbon emission are reduced despite comparatively high rent or water bill. However, in case the cooperation between sewage treatment facility and heat supply system is not defined and the expected amount of heat reuse is not clear,
47、it is hard to appreciate much the reduction of energy bill and carbon emission would occur and thus would have limited appeal to end users. As a result, developers will not be able to raise rent or water bill and eventually fail to yield a fair return for additional investment in the heat reuse syst
48、em. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5PD ISO/TR 37152:2016ISO/TR 37152:2016(E) 2.2.1.2 Smart c ommunity infr astructur es ma y not achie v e their tar get v alue simpl y b y assembling hig h performanc e c omponents unless the c onsist ency among the subs y st ems is ensured (see Figure 4) F i g u r e 4
49、 D i f f i c u l t y i n a c h i e v i n g t h e i r t a r g e t v a l u e u n l e s s t h e c o n s i s t e n c y a m o n g t h e s u b s y s t e m s i s n o t e n s u r e d Case example (b): Inconvenience on passengers due to unconnected and inconsistent services among transportation infrastructures In a large scale project to integrate individual smart community infrastructures, business risks are often high. In such a situation, projects are divided into small parts or functions to be managed by a par
