1、PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016 Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and industrial production Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schema BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National for
2、eword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TS 15311-1:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/43, Graphic technology. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication
3、does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 75334 3 ICS 37.100.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fr
4、om legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016 ISO 2016 Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and i
5、ndustrial production Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schema Technologie graphique Exigences pour les imprims pour les productions industrielle et commerciale Partie 1: Mthodes de mesure et schmas de rapport TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15311-1 Reference number ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) Firs
6、t edition 2016-05-01PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any m
7、eans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 C
8、H-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 2 4 Requirements 3 4.1 General . 3 4.2 Single or multiple
9、sheet assessment 4 4.2.1 Total number of sheets . 4 4.2.2 Number of sheets measured 4 4.2.3 Reporting 4 4.3 Print quality measures . 5 4.3.1 Overview . 5 4.3.2 Colour, tone reproduction and gloss . 5 4.3.3 Uniformity . 8 4.3.4 Detail rendition capabilities 10 4.3.5 Permanence .11 4.4 Printing condit
10、ions .13 Annex A (informative) Sampling of sheets 14 Bibliography .16 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents PagePD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies
11、). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and no
12、n-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are descr
13、ibed in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn t
14、o the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the
15、ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
16、 as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology. ISO/TS 15311 consists of the following parts, under t
17、he general title Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and industrial production: Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schema The following parts are under preparation: Part 2: Commercial production printingiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS
18、15311-1:2016(E) Introduction When producing a colour reproduction, it is important that the persons responsible for data creation, colour separation, proofing and printing operations have previously agreed a minimum set of parameters that define the visual characteristics and other technical propert
19、ies of the planned print product. This part of ISO/TS 15311 identifies a number of metrics that can be applied to printed sheets and that can be used as the basis for such communication. The range of metrics is large and it is not intended that all of these metrics are to be applied to any given pri
20、nted product and for any given application, the range of metrics is to be carefully selected, for example based on subsequent parts of ISO/TS 15311. The metrics described by this part of ISO/TS 15311 can be applied to any type of print. They are likely to most often be applied to digitally printed p
21、rints. When selecting the set of metrics, only those metrics that have a clear specification and that correlate well with human perception are included in this part of ISO/TS 15311. Since this is an area of significant research activity, new metrics are expected to emerge and existing metrics to be
22、revised in the next few years. For this reason, we anticipate the need to revise this part of ISO/TS 15311 within a very short time scale as new metrics are tested and found to be reliable. Additional tests to those specified in this this part of ISO/TS 15311, for example visual assessment of smooth
23、ness, images and other elements may be required when assessing print quality. As with any parameter that is used as part of a product specification, it is important for readers to understand clearly what the metric means. For this reason, a reporting schema is to be followed when reporting measureme
24、nts in conformance with this part of ISO/TS 15311. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016Graphic technology Requirements for printed matter for commercial and industrial production Part 1: Measurement methods and reporting schema 1 Scope This part of ISO/TS 15311
25、defines print metrics, measurement methods and reporting requirements for printed sheets that are suitable for all classes of printed products. Guidance as to which of these metrics to apply to any given category of product along with acceptable conformance criteria is provided in subsequent parts o
26、f ISO/TS 15311. Although this part of ISO/TS 15311 is expected to be used primarily to measure prints from digital printing systems, the metrics are general and can be applied to other kinds of print. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in
27、this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic pain
28、t films at 20 degrees, 60 degrees and 85 degrees ISO 8254-2, Paper and board Measurement of specular gloss Part 2: 75 degree gloss with a parallel beam, DIN method ISO 12642-2, Graphic technology Input data for characterization of 4-colour process printing Part 2: Expanded data set ISO 12647-8:2012,
29、 Graphic technology Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 8: Validation print processes working directly from digital data ISO 13655, Graphic technology Spectral measurement and colorimetric computation for graphic arts images ISO 18924,
30、 Imaging materials Test method for Arrhenius-type predictions ISO 18930, Imaging materials Pictorial colour reflection prints Methods for evaluating image stability under outdoor conditions ISO 18937:2014, Imaging materials Photographic reflection prints Methods for measuring indoor light stability
31、ISO/IEC TS 24790:2012, Information technology Office equipment Measurement of image quality attributes for hardcopy output Monochrome text and graphic images ISO/IEC TS 29112, Information technology Office equipment Test charts and methods for measuring monochrome printer resolution TECHNICAL SPECIF
32、ICATION ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 achromatic colour perceived colour of low chroma, in the perceptual sense Note 1 to e
33、ntry: The colour names “white”, “grey” and “black” are commonly used for objects that reflect light. For objects that transmit light, the words “colourless” and “neutral” are used. Note 2 to entry: In printing practice, achromatic colours can be produced either by a single black ink or three chromat
34、ic (and one achromatic) inks suitably balanced. Note 3 to entry: Colours with low chroma are also called near neutral colours. 3.2 banding appearance of one dimensional bands within an area that should be homogeneous Note 1 to entry: This is also known as streakiness, while the artefacts are called
35、streaks, bands, or stripes. Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO 24790. 3.3 CIEDE2000 colour difference total colour difference as defined in ISO/CIE 11664-6:2014 (CIE S 014-6/E:2013) Note 1 to entry: The unit is E00. The default weights for lightness, chroma and hue are (1:1:1). 3.4 colour deviation d
36、ifference between the colour aim value and the mean of a set of colour measurements 3.5 colour variation colour difference from the mean of a set of colour measurements Note 1 to entry: Colour variation is also known as colour fluctuation and may be reported as the mean or 95 percentile. 3.6 digital
37、 print print where the image is printed directly from the digital domain Note 1 to entry: Digital printing is a process for text and image reproduction with a colour marker on a medium using a marking device, on which the marking information is generated from digital data directly to the medium. It
38、differs from traditional ink-based printing on which the marking information is generated from a form produced offline prior to imaging on the medium. Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO 18913. 3.7 permanence ability to remain chemically and physically stable over long periods of time SOURCE: ISO 1891
39、3:2012, 3.1342 ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) 3.8 image quality impression of the overall merit or excellence of an image, as perceived by an observer neither associated with the act of photography, nor closely involved with the subject matter depicted Note
40、1 to entry: The purpose of defining image quality in terms of third-party (uninvolved) observers is to eliminate sources of variability that arise from more idiosyncratic aspects of image perception and pertain to attributes outside the control of imaging system designers. 3.9 printing condition set
41、 of primary process parameters which describe the conditions associated with a specific printed output, associated with spectral, colorimetric and/or densitometric aim values Note 1 to entry: Such parameters usually include (as a minimum) printing process, paper category, printing ink, screening and
42、 printing sequence. The aim values typically comprise the colorant description and tone value increase aims. Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of colour management, a printing condition is fully characterized by giving the relationship between the CMYK digital input values (as stipulated in ISO 1264
43、2-2) and the corresponding measured colorimetric values. Note 3 to entry: Based on a given set of characterization data according to 3.9, Note 2 entry and a definition of achromatic perception, a grey condition might be extracted. 3.10 tone value proportional printing value encoded in a data file an
44、d interpreted as defined in the file format specification % whereV p is the integer value of the pixel;V 0 is the integer value corresponding to a tone value of 0 %;V 100 is the integer value corresponding to a tone value of 100 %. Note 1 to entry: Tone value is expressed in units of percent. Note 2
45、 to entry: Most files store these data as 8-bit integer values, i.e. 0 to 255. The tone value of a pixel is typically computed from the formula. 4 Requirements 4.1 General The following subclauses provide a number of metrics that define attributes of printed sheets and requirements for reporting the
46、m. In many cases, the existing standards use CIE E abrather than CIEDE2000. Although these are not interchangeable quantities, E abhas been superseded by CIEDE2000 in ISO/TC 130 standards. For this reason, CIEDE2000 shall be used to report colour difference metrics in this part of ISO/TS 15311. Simi
47、larly, printing density is seldom used to measure colour and where the referenced standards specify printing density, approximately equivalent CIELAB colour measurements shall be used. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TS 15311-1:2016ISO/TS 15311-1:2016(E) 4.2 Single or multiple sheet assessment
48、Unless otherwise specified, metrics shall be assumed to apply to the assessment of a single sheet. In many cases, it is useful to be able to report metrics for a set of sheets; for example, the set of sheets produced in a single print run or the set of sheets to be delivered as part of an order for
49、print. In these cases, it is important to be able to indicate the likely variation across the entire set of sheets. Sheets should be selected randomly with no replacement. Samples should be selected with the following provisos: a) sheets should be selected throughout the entire press run; b) sheets should not be selected synchronous to any press event, e.g. at each roll change or after every blanket wash. In cases where metrics are repo
