1、Nanotechnologies - Standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017 Nanotechnologies Standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial Termes normaliss et leur
2、dfinition pour les nanomatriaux base de cellulose TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 20477 Reference number ISO/TS 20477:2017(E) First edition 2017-08 National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TS 0477:2017. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technica
3、l Committee NTI/1, Nanotechnologies. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards In
4、stitution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 90086 0 ICS 01.040.07; 07.120Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 Septembe
5、r 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO 2017 Nanotechnologies Standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial Termes normaliss et leur dfinition pour les nanomatriaux base de cellulose TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIO
6、N ISO/TS 20477 Reference number ISO/TS 20477:2017(E) First edition 2017-08 PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO/TS 20477:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be repr
7、oduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requeste
8、r. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO/TS 20477:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All
9、 rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested fr
10、om either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgISO/TS 20477:2017(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope .
11、 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 3.1 Core nanotechnology terms related to cellulose nanomaterials . 1 3.2 Prerequiste non-nanotechnology terms related to cellulose nanomaterials 2 3.3 Terms specific to cellulose nanomaterials 3 Annex A (informative) Cellulose micromaterials 5
12、Bibliography 6 Index 7 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO/TS 20477:2017(E)Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards i
13、s normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take par
14、t in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particu
15、lar the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www. iso. org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
16、this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see w
17、ww. iso. org/ patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well
18、as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso. org/ iso/ foreword. html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies. iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved PD
19、ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO/TS 20477:2017(E)Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
20、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotec
21、hnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO
22、 documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www. iso. org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held
23、responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www. iso. org/ patents). Any trade name used in this document is informati
24、on given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO)
25、 principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso. org/ iso/ foreword. html. This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies. iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/TS 20477:2017(E) Intr oduction Cellulose is a polymer produced by nature
26、. In plants, animals, algae and bacteria, cellulose is extruded from terminal enzyme complexes (TC). TCs are made up of many identical subunits, each containing at least one catalytic site from which a single cellulose chain is synthesized. Cellulose chains from a single TC combine to form an elemen
27、tary fibril. As TCs in plants, animals, algae, and bacteria have different numbers and configurations of subunits, the elementary fibrils they produce have different geometries. 4Whether cellulose nanomaterials are separated by industrial processes or produced directly by organisms, they all contain
28、 a common structural component, which is the elementary fibril. This common component, the elementary fibril, provides a way to describe cellulose nanomaterials from all manufacturing methods and cellulose sources. In industrial productions, cellulose nanomaterials can be manufactured by conversion
29、of wood pulp through chemical, biological or mechanical processes. In the case of bacterium-based cellulose nanomaterials, they are produced directly by bacteria and can be further acid-hydrolysed to smaller dimensions. Besides trees and bacteria, algae is another potential sources of cellulose nano
30、materials for industrial applications. Due to their renewable nature and unique properties, cellulose nanomaterials have developed into platform materials that have application potential in a wide range of products including those that currently utilize petroleum-based ingredients. In the current st
31、age of development, several terms to describe cellulose nanomaterials coexist and have created confusion among users. Rather than delaying standards development until knowledge accumulated with market maturity is available, we have an opportunity to define a standard vocabulary for cellulose nanomat
32、erials as they enter the market place. It is anticipated that as the market for cellulose nanomaterials matures, so too will the standard vocabulary. Beginning to define a standard vocabulary now will facilitate future communication, eliminate confusion, remove trade barriers and provide policy make
33、rs and regulators with a set of consensus-based terms. ISO 2017 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TS 20477:2017PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 Nanotechnologies Standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial 1 Scope This document defines terms and definitions for different types of cellulose nanomate
34、rials including secondary components found in cellulose nanomaterials due to their manufacturing processes. The document also gives information on cellulose micromaterials in Annex A. Where necessary, terms from the ISO/IEC 80004 vocabulary series are included in this document. Terms in this documen
35、t are applicable to all types of cellulose nanomaterials regardless of production methods and their origin (plants, animals, algae or bacteria). 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 Terms and definitions ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in
36、 standardization at the following addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ 3.1 Core nanotechnology terms related to cellulose nanomaterials 3.1.1 nanoscale length range approximately from 1 n
37、m to 100 nm Note 1 to entry: Properties that are not extrapolations from larger sizes are predominately exhibited in this length range. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.1 3.1.2 nanomaterial material with any external dimension in the nanoscale (3.1.1) or having internal structure or surface structure
38、in the nanoscale Note 1 to entry: This generic term is inclusive of na no - ob j e c t (3.1.3) and nanostructured material (3.1.5). Note 2 to entry: See also definitions of engineered nanomaterial, manufactured nanomaterial and incidental nanomaterial in ISO/TS 80004-1:2015. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2
39、015, 2.4 3.1.3 nano-object discrete piece of material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1) Note 1 to entry: The second and third external dimensions are orthogonal to the first dimension and to each other. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS
40、 20477:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO/TS 20477:2017 ISO/TS 20477:2017(E) 3.1.4 nanostructure composition of inter-related constituent parts in which one or more of those parts is a nanoscale (3.1.1) region Note 1 to entry: A region is defined by a boundary representing a discontinuity
41、 in properties. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.6 3.1.5 nanostructured material material having internal nanostructure (3.1.4) or surface nanostructure Note 1 to entry: This definition does not exclude the possibility for a na no - ob j e c t (3.1.3) to have internal structure or surface structure. I
42、f external dimension(s) are in the nanoscale (3.1.1), the term nano-object is recommended. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.7 3.1.6 nanofibre na no - obje c t (3.1.3) with two similar external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1) and the third dimension significantly larger Note 1 to entry: The largest
43、 external dimension is not necessarily in the nanoscale. Note 2 to entry: Nanofibril and nanofilament are alternative terms for nanofibre. Note 3 to entry: See Note 1 to entry of nanoparticle in ISO/TS 80004-2:2015. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.5 3.1.7 nanocrystal na no - obje c t (3.1.3) with a c
44、rystalline structure SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.15 3.2 Prerequiste non-nanotechnology terms related to cellulose nanomaterials 3.2.1 crystalline solid structure where its ions, molecules, or atoms are in an ordered, three-dimensional arrangement 3.2.2 amorphous solid structure where its ions, mo
45、lecules, or atoms are oriented randomly, lacking any order 3.2.3 paracrystalline structure in the intermediate state between crystalline and amorphous, having short and medium range ordered lattice structure and lacking long range order in at least one direction 3.2.4 cellulose linear polymeric chai
46、ns of (14) linked D-glucopyranose units 3.2.5 elementary fibril structure, originating from a single terminal enzyme complex, having a configuration of cellulose chains specific to each cellulose-producing plant, animal, algal and bacterial species2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved PD ISO/TS 20477:2017
47、ISO/TS 20477:2017(E) 3.1.4 nanostructure composition of inter-related constituent parts in which one or more of those parts is a nanoscale (3.1.1) region Note 1 to entry: A region is defined by a boundary representing a discontinuity in properties. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.6 3.1.5 nanostructur
48、ed material material having internal nanostructure (3.1.4) or surface nanostructure Note 1 to entry: This definition does not exclude the possibility for a na no - ob j e c t (3.1.3) to have internal structure or surface structure. If external dimension(s) are in the nanoscale (3.1.1), the term nano
49、-object is recommended. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.7 3.1.6 nanofibre na no - obje c t (3.1.3) with two similar external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1) and the third dimension significantly larger Note 1 to entry: The largest external dimension is not necessarily in the nanoscale. Note 2 to entry: Nanofibril and nanofilament are alternative terms for nanofibre. Note 3 to entry: See Note 1 to entry of nanoparticle in ISO/TS 80004-2:2015. SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.5 3.1.7 nanocrystal na n
