1、Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 10.3Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)FOURTH EDITION, AUGUST 2013Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstan
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19、 DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Referenced Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Summary of Test Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Significance and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Solvent . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Sampling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . 38 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 Precision and Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 Keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Annex A1 (Mandatory Informatioon) Procedure to Water-saturate Toulene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Appendix X1 (Nonmandatory Information) Precision and Accuracy of Methods for Determ
26、ining Water in Crude Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Summary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Figures1 Eight-Inch (203-mm) Centrifuge Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Procedure for Reading Water and Sediment When Using an ASTM 100-mm Cone-Shaped Centrifuge Tube. . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Basic Sediment and Water Precision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A1.1 Solubility of Water in Toluene .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6X1.1 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) Distillation (Based on Seven Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11X1.2 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge (Based on Five Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12X1.3
31、Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge (Based on Six Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Tables1 Centrifuge Tube Calibration Tolerances for 203-mm (8-in.) T
32、ube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Expression of Results, mL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5X1.1 Base CaseWater Content of Crudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7X1.2 Water Content of Crude Oil Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8X1.3 Determination of Water in Crude Oils, % H2O . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8X1.4 Corrections to be Applied to Measured Values to Obtain “True Water Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9X1.5 Bias of Methods Estimated from Spiked Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9X1.6 Round-Robin Results of Water in Crude Oils by ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) and ASTM D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10X1.7 Constants . . . . . . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10X1.8 ASTM Precision Intervals: ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) (7 Laboratories) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11X1.9 Limiting Repeatabilities and Reprodu
37、cibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12vDesignation: D4007 111Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 10.3Standard Test Method forWater and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method(Laboratory Procedure)1This
38、standard is issued under the fixed designation D4007; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an ed
39、itorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReferenced Documents and API information was editorially corrected in June 2013.1. Scope*1.1 This test method describes the laboratory determinationof water and sediment in crude oils by means of the centrifugeprocedure. This centrifuge metho
40、d for determining water andsediment in crude oils is not entirely satisfactory. The amountof water detected is almost always lower than the actual watercontent. When a highly accurate value is required, the revisedprocedures for water by distillation, Test Method D4006 (APIMPMS Chapter 10.2) (Note 1
41、), and sediment by extraction,Test Method D473 (API MPMS Chapter 10.1), shall be used.NOTE 1Test Method D4006 (API MPMS Chapter 10.2) has beendetermined to be the preferred and most accurate method for thedetermination of water.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The val
42、ues given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of re
43、gulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warningstatements appear in 6.1, 8.3, and A1.5.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by Distillation (API MPMS Chapter10.5)D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel O
44、ilsby the Extraction Method (API MPMS Chapter 10.1)D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils bythe Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (APIMPMS Chapter 10.6)D4006 Test Method for Wat
45、er in Crude Oil by Distillation(API MPMS Chapter 10.2)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by CoulometricKar
46、l Fischer Titration (API MPMS Chapter 10.9)D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chap-ter 8.3)E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets2.2 API Standards:3MPMS Chapter 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Product
47、s (ASTM Practice D4057)MPMS Chapter 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4177)MPMS Chapter 8.3 Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM PracticeD5854)MPMS Chapter 10.1 Determination of Sediment in CrudeOils and Fuel Oils by t
48、he Extraction Method (ASTM TestMethod D473)MPMS Chapter 10.2 Determination of Water in Crude Oil byDistillation (ASTM Test Method D4006)MPMS Chapter 10.4 Determination of Sediment and Waterin Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)MPMS Chapter 10.5 Determination of Water in PetroleumPro
49、ducts and Bituminous Materials by Distillation1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measure-ment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ on Hydro-carbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API).Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D400708. DOI:10.1520/D4007-11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer S
