1、Orifice Metering of Natural Gas and Other Related Hydrocarbon FluidsConcentric, Square-edged Orifice MetersPart 2: Specification and Installation RequirementsAGA Report No. 3 Part 2Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14.3.2American Gas Association 400 North Capitol Street, NW Washingto
2、n, DC 20001American Petroleum Institute1220 L Street, NWWashington, DC 20005FIFTH EDITION, MARCH 2016An American National StandardANSI/API MPMS Ch. 14.3.2/AGA Report No. 3, Part 2Special NotesThis AGA/API publication necessarily addresses problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circ
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11、NW, Washington, DC 20001 or API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2016 American Gas Association and American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing contained in this AGA/API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the ma
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19、 which is published and updated as needed and can be obtained by contacting AGA Operations and Engineering Department, phone (202) 824-7000 or web site http:/www.aga.org/knowledgecenter. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Wash
20、ington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org or Operations and Engineering Department, American Gas Association, 400 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001, http:/www.aga.org/knowledgecenter.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Construction and Installation Requirements .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, and Symbols. . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2 Symbols/N
24、omenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Orifice Plate Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . 64.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 Orifice Plate Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 Orifice Plate Bore Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.4 Orifice Plate Bore Diameter (dm, dr) and Roundness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.5 Orifice Plate Bore Thickness (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.6 Orifice Plate Thickness (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.7 Orifice Plate Bevel () . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Meter Tube Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.2 Orifice Plate Holders . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.3 Orifice Fittings Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.4 Pres
31、sure Taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.5 Flow Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . 216 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.2 Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236.3 Meter Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.4 Acceptable Pulsation Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.5 Thermometer Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.6 Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Annex A (i
36、nformative) Research Projects and Tests Conducted Between 1922 and 1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Annex B (informative) Orifice Meter Inspection Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Annex C (normative) Specific Installation Calibra
37、tion Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Annex D (normative) Flow Conditioner Performance Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Annex E (normative) Maximum Allowable Orifice Plate Differentia
38、l Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Figures1 Symbols for Orifice Plate Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62a Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness (Measured at Edge of Orifice Bore an
39、d Within Inside Pipe Diameter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72b Alternative Method for Determination of Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness (Departure from Flatness = h2 h1) . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7vContentsPage2c Maximum Orifice Plate Departure from Flatness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Allowable Variations i
41、n Pressure Tap Hole Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 1998 Uniform Concentric 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Eccentricity Measurements (Sample Method) . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Orifice Meter Tube Layout for Flanged or Welded Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Tables1 Roundness Tolerance for Orifice Plate Bore Diameter, dm. . . . . .
43、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Orifice Plate Thickness and Maximum Allowable Differential Pressure Based on the
44、Structural Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Example Meter Tube Internal DiameterRoundness Tolerances Within First Mean Meter Tube Diameter Upstream of Orifice Plate . . . . . .
45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Example Meter Tube Internal Diameter Roundness TolerancesAll Upstream Meter Tube Individual Internal Diameter Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46、 . . . . 176 Maximum Tolerance of Orifice Plate Bore Eccentricity (x) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Orifice Meter Installation Requirements Without a Flow Conditioner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288a Orifice Meter Installat
47、ion Requirements With 1998 Uniform Concentric 19-Tube Bundle Flow Straightener for Meter Tube Upstream Length of 17Di UL 1.000 0.0005 in. per in. of diameteraUse of diameters below 0.45 in. are not prohibited, but may result in uncertainties greater than those specified in API MPMS Ch.14.3.1/AGA Rep
48、ort No. 3, Part 1.Table 2Linear Coefficient of Thermal ExpansionMaterialLinear Coefficient ofThermal Expansion ()USC(in./in. F)Metric Units(mm/mm C)Type 304/316 stainless steelc0.00000925 0.0000167Type 304 stainless steela0.00000961 0.0000173Type 316 stainless steela0.00000889 0.0000160Monel 400a0.0
49、0000772 0.0000139Carbon steelb0.00000620 0.0000112NOTE For flowing temperature limits or other materials, refer to the American Society for Metals (ASM) Metals Handbook, Engineering Properties of Steel, and Handbook of Stainless Steels.aFor flowing conditions between +32 F and +212 F for stainless steels and +68 F and +212 F for Monel.bFor flowing conditions between 7 F and +154 F, refer to API MPMS Ch. 12.2.1.cType 304/316 stainless steel linear coefficient of thermal expansion is the average of the type 304 and type 316 stainless steel coefficients.NOTE Over a te
