1、Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 14Natural Gas Fluids MeasurementSection 4Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Vapors to Equivalent Liquid VolumesGPA 8173-90FIRST EDITION, APRIL 1991REAFFIRMED, JANUARY 2012Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 14Natural Gas FluidsMeasu
2、rementSection 4Converting Mass of Natural Gas Liquids and Vapors to Equivalent Liquid VolumesMeasurement CoordinationGPA 8173-90FIRST EDITION, APRIL 1991REAFFIRMED, JANUARY 2012FOREWORD This standard was developed jointly by the Gas Processors Association (GPA), Section H, Product Measurement and Ha
3、ndling, and the American Petroleum Institute (API), Committee on Natural Gas Fluids Measurement. Chapter 14.4 of the manual is technically identical to GPA Standard 8 173. Only the format has been changed to match that of APIs Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. API publications may be used b
4、y anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or res
5、ponsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Measure- ment Coordination Department, American Petroleum
6、 Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. CONTENTS Page SECTION MONVERTING MASS OF NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS AND VAPORS TO EQUIVALENT LIQUID VOLUMES 14.4.1 14.4.2 14.4.3 14.4.4 14.4.5 14.4.6 Scope . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Referenced
7、 Publications . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . , Outline of Method . , . . . . . , . . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Precautions . . . . . . . . , . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , . . . . . . . .
8、. . Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (English Units) . . . . . . . . Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (SI Units) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 1 2 2 V API MPMS*l4.4 91 W 0732290 0095842 O W Chapter 14-Natural Gas Fluids Measurement SECTION GCQNVERTING MASS OF NATURAL GAS LIQU
9、IDS AND VAPORS TO EQUIVALENT LIQUID VOLUMES 14.4.1 Scope This standard prescribes a method for converting the measured mass of natural gas liquids or natural gas vapors at operating conditions to equivalent liquid volumes of the components at 60F and equilibrium pressure for English units, or 15C an
10、d equilibrium pressure for SI units. 14.4.2 Referenced Publications The following standards, codes, and specifications are cited in this standard: API Technical Data Book Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 14.6, “Continuous Density Measurement”; Chapter 14.7, “Mass Measurement of Natu
11、ral Gas Liquids” (GPA Std 8182) GPA Std 2 145 Table of Physical Constants of Parafin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas. Tentative Method for the Extended Analysis of Hydrocarbon Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Temperature Programmed Gas Chromatography. Std 21
12、86 GPSA Engineering Data Book (“Physical Properties” Chapter) 14.4.3 Outline of Method 14.4.3.1 Mass is calculated by multiplying consistent units of a measured volume by its absolute density, with both volume and absolute density determined at the same flowing conditions. The resulting total mass i
13、s converted to individual component volumes using a component analysis and proper values of the absolute density in mass per unit volume of each component at 60F (or 15C) and its equilibrium pressure. 14.4.3.2 Volume and absolute density determination, sampling, and analysis shall be performed as de
14、scribed or referenced in Chapter 14.7 (Gas Processors Association (GPA) Standard 8182). Gas Processors Association, 6526 E. 60th Street, Tulsa, OK 74145. *Gas Processors Suppliers Association, 6526 East 60th Sat, Tulsa, OK 74145. 14.4.3.3 The absolute density of pure hydrocarbons in pounds mass per
15、gallon (Kg/M3) as stated in GPA Standard 2145 shaii be used in the calculations. Unless contract terms specify otherwise, absolute density values shall be from the latest revision of GPA Standard 2145. In the examples in this publication, the absolute density values stafed in GPA Stan- dard 2145-86
16、were used. Note 1: The examples in this publication illustrate typical components. In actual practice, all the detected components that are representative of the measured product stream should be included in the conversion to equivalent liquid volumes. Note 2 if constants for hydrocarbon components
17、that are not presented in GPA Standard 2145 are required, the constants contained in the “Physical Properties”chapter of the GPSA Engineering DaraBookshal be used. If the required constants are not contained in the GPSA Engineering Data Book either, the API Technical Data Book constants shall be use
18、d. 14.4.4 Precautions Equipment, installation, an operations shall be in accord- ance with Chapter 14.7 (GPA Standard 8182); however, the following information is reiterated: a. Accurate dynamic measurement can be accomplished only with a single phase, homogeneous, Newtonian fluid. b. To calculate m
19、ass accurately, density determination must be made at essentially the same pressure and temperature as the volume measurement, Allowable temperature and pres- sure deviations are set in Chapter 14.6. Density may either be measured directly or calculated in accordance with Chapter 14.7 (GPA Standard
20、8182). c. Dynamic measurement in the vapor phase must occur at a pressure below the equilibrium pressure (dew point pressure) of the mixture at operating conditions. d. Dynamic measurement in the liquid phase must occur at zt pressure above the equilibrium pressure (bubble point pres- sure) of the m
21、ixture at all actual operating temperatures and compositions. This standard may also be applied to the meas- urement of supercritical fluids. e. Measuring and sampling equipment shal be located where it will not be affected by pulsation; mechanical vibra- tion; and compressor-, pump-, or control-val
22、ve-generated noise that would adversely affect measurement accuracy. 1 2 API MPMS*l4-4 9% 0732270 0095843 2 CHAPTER 14-NATURAL GAS FLUIDS MEASUREMENT 14.4.5 Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (English Units) Step l-Convert mol percent analysis to weight fraction: Given: Compositional analy
23、sis (mol percent) Molecular weight constants from GPA Standard 2145. a. Multiply the mol percent of each component by the molecular weight of that component, (I) x (2). b. Divide the resulting product for each component (3) by the sum of the products of all components to obtain the weight fraction o
24、f each component (4). (1) (2) (3) (4) Sum of Mol Mol Percent x Percent x Mol Molecular Molecular Molecular Weight Component percent Weight Weight Weight . Fraction CO2 0.11 x 44.010 = 4.84 4372.27 0.001107 - 2.14 16.043 38.97 30.070 36.48 44.097 2.94 58.123 8.77 58.123 1.71 72.150 1.82 72.150 7.06 8
25、7.436a 100.00 34.33 1171.83 1608.66 170.88 509.74 123.38 131.31 617.30 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 4372.27 0.007852 0.268014 0.367923 0.039083 O. 1 16585 0.028219 0.030032 O. 141 185 1 .oooo00 Step 2-Calculate the mass of each component: Given: Total pounds mass =
26、 825,300 Component weight fractions from Step 1. a. Multiply the weight fraction by the total mass to obtain the pounds mass of each component. b. Add the pounds mass of all components to ensure that the sum equals the total pounds mass. Component CO2 Ci c2 c3 IC4 NCq IC5 Weight Fraction y 0.001 107
27、 0.007852 0.268014 0.367923 0.039083 0.1 16585 0.028219 NCs 0.030032 c6+ 0.141185 Total Mass (pounds) 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 825,300 Component Mass - (pounds) 914 6,480 221,192 303,647 32,255 96.2 18 23,289 24,785 116,520 a. Divide the component mass of each
28、component by its absolute density to obtain the equivalent liquid volume. Component Mass Density (pounds Gallons at 60F. EVP 134 CO2 ci 6,480 2.5000 2,592 c2 221,192 2.9696 74,485 c3 303,647 4.2268 71,839 IC4 32,255 4.6927 6,873 NC4 96,218 4.8690 19,761 IC5 23,289 5.2082 4,472 NCs 24,785 5.2617 4,71
29、0 204,446 Component (pounds) per gallon) - 914 i 6.8199 c6+ 116,520 5.951 19,580 From extended analysis as described in GPA Standard 2186. The hexanes-plus component may be reported as hexanes and heptanes-plus. 14.4.6 Calculations for Liquid and Vapor Conversion (SI Units) Step l-Convert mol percen
30、t analysis to weight fraction: Given: Compositional analysis (mol percent) Molecular weight constants from GPA Standard 2145. a. Multiply the mol percent of each component by the molecular weight of that component, (1) x (2). b. Divide the resulting product for each component (3) by the sum of the p
31、roducts of all components to obtain the weight fraction of each component (4). Component CO2 ci c2 c3 IC4 NC4 ICs NC5 c6+ (1) (2) (3) (4) Sum of Mol Mol Percent x Percent x Mol Molecular Molecular Molecular Weight percent Weight Weight Weight Fraction 0.11 X 44.010 = 4.84 + 4372.27 = 0.001107 2.14 1
32、6.043 34.33 4372.27 0.007852 38.97 30.070 1171.83 4372.27 0.268014 36.48 44.097 1608.66 4372.27 0.367923 2.94 58.123 170.88 4372.27 0.039083 8.77 58.123 509.74 4372.27 0.1 16585 1.71 72.150 123.38 4372.27 0.028219 1.82 72.150 131.31 4372.27 0.030032 7.06 87.436 617.30 4372.27 0.141185 100.00 4372.27
33、 1 .oooooo Step 2-Calculate the mass of each component: 1 .oooooo 825,300 Given: Total kilograms mass = 374,350 Component weight fractions from Step 1. Step 3-Calculate the volume of each component at equi- librium pressure and 60F: Given: Absolute density of each component from GPA Stan- a. Multipl
34、y the weight fraction by the total mass to obtain the kilograms mass of each component. b. Add the kilograms mass of all components to ensure that the sum equals the total kilograms mass. dard 2145. Component mass from Step 2. Order No. 852-30344 1-1700-4/91-7: (6A) PI 0732290 O095846 8 = American P.etroleum Institute 1220 L Street, Northwest
