1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 17.6Guidelines for Determining the Fullness of Pipelines Between Vessels and Shore TanksSECOND EDITION, JUNE 2014Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, an
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19、20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Significance and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 Considerations for Selec
22、ting a Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Health and Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 General . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 Physical Characteristics and Fire Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
24、Terminal Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.2 Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Vessel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 General Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 Procedure for Internal Circulation Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 Procedure for Line Displacement Method . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 Procedures for High-point Bleed-valve Method (or Sight-glass/Mechanical Sight Verification Method) . 78.5 Procedures for Pigging Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.6 Procedure for Line Press Method (or Line Pack Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.7 Line Verification After Cargo Transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Establishing Agreed Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10vvi1Guidelines for Determining the Fullness of PipelinesBetween Vessels and Shore Tanks1 ScopeThis document describes procedures for determining or confirming the fill condition of pipeline systems used for the transfer of
32、 liquid cargoes before and/or after the liquid is loaded onto or discharged from marine vessels. It includes descriptions of methods and procedures that apply to crude oil and petroleum products. While this document includes descriptions of common line fill verification methods, it does not recommen
33、d any particular method. The responsibility for selecting a method appropriate for a given terminal, and documenting its effectiveness, rests with those responsible for operating the terminal where it is applied.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the appli
34、cation of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API MPMS Chapter 3.1A, Standard Practice for Manual Gauging of Petroleum and Petroleum Products API MPMS Chapter 3.
35、1B, Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank GaugingAPI MPMS Chapter 7, Temperature DeterminationAPI MPMS Chapter 17.2, Measurement of Cargos On Board Tank VesselsAPI MPMS Chapter 17.11, Measurement and Sampling of Cargoes On Board Tank Ves
36、sels Using Closed/Restricted Equipment3 Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. 3.1agreed toleranceBefore executing the line displacement method, all authorized parties should agree on the amount of difference that will be accepted when comparing meas
37、urements taken before and after the procedure. This agreement may be in terms of volume rather than level measurement. The term agreed tolerance refers to this agreed-upon span of acceptable difference.3.2high-point bleed-valve methodSight-glass/mechanical sight verification methodChecking for the p
38、resence of liquid at high-point valves or sight glasses in the designated pipeline system between the shore tank and the vessel berth. 3.3internal circulation methodTransferring a measured volume of liquid from one shore tank into the same or another shore tank through the pipeline system designated
39、 for the transfer of cargo to or from a marine vessel.2 API MPMS CHAPTER 17.63.4line displacement methodMeasuring the amount of liquid pumped from a shore tank to a vessel (or from a vessel to a shore tank) through the pipeline system designated for cargo transfer and comparing the measured volume d
40、elivered to the measured volume received. TOV is the normal method used. 3.5line press methodline pack methodPressurizing the contents of the designated pipeline system with a liquid to determine if gases are present. 3.6pigging methodDisplacement of the contents of a pipeline system by a tight-fitt
41、ing wiping device propelled through the line by gas or liquid, leaving the line full of the propellant.4 Significance and Use4.1 GeneralWhen custody of petroleum liquids is transferred to or from marine vessels, accuracy in the measurement of quantities transferred is affected by the contents and in
42、tegrity of the shore and vessel pipelines and by shore and vessel tank measurements. Pipelines that contain air or vapor, when assumed to be filled with liquid, require procedures that either eliminate or determine the volume of air or vapor contained in the pipeline. This can be accomplished by one
43、 of the following means.1) Displacing the air or vapor with liquid.2) Displacing the entire line contents.The following methods, listed alphabetically, are recommended for line fill determination. Local limitations, product characteristics, and specific designs may restrict the best selection and us
44、e of a procedure and may affect the accuracy of the procedure selected.a) High-point bleed-valve method (or sight-glass/mechanical sight verification method).b) Internal circulation method.c) Line displacement.NOTE This method can directly affect custody transfer volumes.d) Line press method (or lin
45、e pack method).e) Pigging method.NOTE The high-point bleed-valve method (or sight-glass method), the internal circulation method, and the line displacement method are all intended to fill the designated pipeline system with liquid. The pigging method is intended to entirely displace the contents of
46、the designated pipeline system. The line press method (or line pack method) is intended to assess the fill condition of the designated pipeline system.GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE FULLNESS OF PIPELINES BETWEEN VESSELS AND SHORE TANKS 34.2 Considerations for Selecting a MethodThe following should b
47、e taken into consideration when selecting a method for line verification.a) Methods in 4.1, Items a), b), d), and e) may be performed prior to the vessel arrival. These methods also provide an opportunity to confirm integrity of pipeline condition (e.g. leaking valves) and to take corrective action
48、as necessary without becoming a portion of the custody transfer volumes determination. TOV is the normal method used. b) The design, equipment, and operational capabilities of the vessel and/or terminal.5 Health and Safety Precautions5.1 GeneralDue consideration should be given to applicable safety
49、and health procedures. Considerations should includebut are not limited topotential electrostatic and other fire and explosion hazards; considerations regarding potential personnel exposure (such as exposure limits, hazard communication, training, and associated protective clothing and equipment requirements, and work practices); and potential explosive and toxic hazards associated with a cargo tanks atmosphere. The physical characteristics of the cargo and existing operational conditions should be evaluated, and applicable international, federal, state, and local regulations should
