1、Petroleum and Liquid PetroleumProductsCalibration of HorizontalCylindrical TanksPart 1: Manual MethodsANSI/API MPMS CHAPTER 2.2EFIRST EDITION, APRIL 2004REAFFIRMED, OCTOBER 2009ISO 12917-1: 2002 (Identical), Petroleum and liquid petroleum productsCalibration of horizontal cylindrical tanksPart 1: Ma
2、nual methodsSpecial Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and pr
3、operly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or federal laws. Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and condit
4、ions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet. Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or
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9、eveloped should be directed in writing to the Director of the Standards department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should be addressed to the Director, Busin
10、ess Services. API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should be utilized. The formulati
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12、 that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
13、 or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Copyright 2004 American Petroleum Institute API Foreword API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been ma
14、de by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its us
15、e or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to API, Standards department, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 ii Contents Pag
16、e API Foreword . ii Foreword . iv Introduction iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Precautions . 2 4.1 General 2 4.2 Internal method 2 4.3 External method . 2 5 Equipment . 2 5.1 Equipment as used in the ISO 7507 series 2 5.2 Telescopic rod 2 6 General requirements 2
17、7 Calibration procedures 3 8 External measurements 3 8.1 Introduction 3 8.2 General 3 8.3 Repetition of measurements . 4 8.4 Tolerances 4 8.5 Other measurements on tank-shell plates 4 9 Internal measurements 5 9.1 General 5 9.2 Repetition of measurements . 5 9.3 Tolerances 5 9.4 Other measurements o
18、n tank-shell plates 5 10 Additional measurements . 6 10.1 Deadwood . 6 10.2 Measurement of tilt 6 11 Other parameters . 7 12 Recalibration 7 13 Descriptive data . 7 14 Computation of tank capacity tables General rules 7 15 Effects of tilt . 8 16 Systematic calculations (summary) . 8 16.1 General 8 1
19、6.2 Cylindrical volume . 8 16.3 Volume of the knuckle-dish ends . 9 16.4 Elliptical ends . 11 16.5 Spherical head 11 16.6 Deadwood 12 Annex A (normative) Tilt 13 Annex B (informative) Corrections of volume of tank table . 15 Bibliography . 18 API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 iii ISO 12917-1:2002(E) iv IS
20、O 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
21、in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commi
22、ssion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technica
23、l committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 12917 may be the subject of patent rights.
24、 ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12917-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants, Subcommittee SC 3, Static petroleum measurement. ISO 12917 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleu
25、m and liquid petroleum products Calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks: Part 1: Manual methods Part 2: Internal electro-optical distance-ranging method Annex A forms a normative part of this part of ISO 12917. Annex B is for information only. This corrected version of ISO 12917-1:2002 incorpora
26、tes the following corrections. On the cover page, “Premire dition” has been replaced by “First edition”. The missing Greek symbols have been added in the following equations: page 9, subclause 16.3, four equations; page 10, subclause 16.3, equation immediately above Figure 4; pages 15 and 16, clause
27、 B.2, six equations. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 iv ISO 12917-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard forms part of a series on tank calibration methods. In countries where some or all of the items covered by this part of ISO 12917 are subject to mandatory re
28、gulations, the regulations have to be observed. In cases where differences exist between this part of ISO 12917 and regulations, precedence is given to the latter. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 v INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12917-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1Petroleum and liquid petroleum pr
29、oducts Calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks Part 1: Manual methods 1 Scope This part of ISO 12917 specifies manual methods for the calibration of nominally horizontal cylindrical tanks, installed at a fixed location. It is applicable to horizontal tanks up to 4 m in diameter and 30 m in lengt
30、h. The methods are applicable to insulated and non-insulated tanks, either when they are above-ground or underground. The methods are applicable to pressurized tanks, and to both knuckle-dish-end and flat-end cylindrical tanks as well as elliptical and spherical head tanks. This part of ISO 12917 is
31、 applicable to tanks inclined by up to 10 % from the horizontal provided a correction is applied for the measured tilt. For tanks over and above these dimensions and angle of tilt, appropriate corrections for tilt and appropriate volume computations should be based on the “Coats” equation 1. 2 Norma
32、tive references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 12917. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based o
33、n this part of ISO 12917 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently val
34、id International Standards. ISO 1998 (all parts), Petroleum industry Terminology ISO 7507 (all parts), Petroleum and liquid petroleum products Calibration of vertical cylindrical tanks 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of ISO 12917, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998, IS
35、O 7507-1 and the following apply. 3.1 telescopic rod extendable tubular measuring device to measure a distance between two points NOTE For example, to measure the internal diameter of a cylindrical tank. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 1 ISO 12917-1:2002(E) 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved4 Precautions 4.
36、1 General The general and safety precautions given in ISO 7507-1 shall apply to this part of ISO 12917. 4.2 Internal method Before a tank which has been used is entered, a safe-entry certificate, issued in accordance with local or national regulations, shall be obtained. All lines entering the tank
37、shall be disconnected and blanked. The national or local regulations regarding entry into tanks which have contained leaded fuels shall be meticulously observed. 4.3 External method National or local regulations regarding entry to the tank area shall be observed. 5 Equipment 5.1 Equipment as used in
38、 the ISO 7507 series The equipment required to carry out the calibration is dependent on the method to be employed. This part of ISO 12917 uses techniques and equipment described in ISO 7507-1. Equipment used in the calibration of horizontal tanks shall conform with the specifications laid down in t
39、he relevant parts of ISO 7507. All equipment shall be traceable to a reference standard. 5.2 Telescopic rod 5.2.1 In addition to the equipment mentioned in 5.1, a telescopic rod shall be used. This telescopic rod shall have a scale capable of being read to 1 mm, and shall be calibrated to within 0,5
40、 mm. 5.2.2 The telescopic rod shall give a repeatability of maximum 1 mm. 6 General requirements 6.1 The tank shall be filled to its normal working capacity and working pressure at least once and allowed to stand while full for at least 24 h prior to emptying and preparing the tank for calibration.
41、NOTE The hydrostatic test applied to new or repaired tanks will satisfy this requirement when additional pressure tests are carried out. 6.2 The following variables shall be considered for the development of the capacity tables: slope/tilt; deadwood; temperature; pressure; liquid head; position of g
42、auge point. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1 2 ISO 12917-1:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 37 Calibration procedures The calibration procedures for calibration of horizontal cylindrical tanks are described in clause 8 (external measurements) and clause 9 (internal measurements). For both methods, me
43、asurements will be taken at around 20 % and 80 % of the width of each ring (see Figure 1). Key 1 Weld line 2 Course length 3 Circumference measurement 4 Reference height Figure 1 Measurements of the diameters/circumferences 8 External measurements 8.1 Introduction External measurements may be execut
44、ed with any depth of liquid and liquid pressure in the tank. The depth, temperature, density and pressure of the liquid at the time of calibration shall be recorded. However, if the temperature of the tank wall could differ by more than 10 C between the empty part and full part of the tank whilst th
45、e measurements are being taken, the tank shall be either completely full or empty during the procedure. 8.2 General For the measurement procedures, a circumferential tape of sufficient length to completely encircle the tank should be used and measurements of the total circumference shall be taken. a
46、) In all cases, the tape to be used should be applied to the tank surface at the prescribed locations by the wraparound procedure; i.e. the required length of tape should be applied in a slack condition, positioned, and tightened by the application of the proper tension. API MPMS 2.2E / ISO 12917-1
47、3 ISO 12917-1:2002(E) 4 ISO 2002 All rights reservedAs indicated in Figure 1, strapping should be undertaken around 20 % and 80 % of the course length b) In the case in which the circumferential measuring tape is in contact with the tank surface at all points along its path, circumferential measurements should be made and checked in accordance with the relevant procedure given in ISO 7507-1. The checked measurements should be recorded as final measurements. 8.3 Repetition of measure
