1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 7.3Temperature DeterminationFixed Automatic Tank Temperature SystemsSECOND EDITION, OCTOBER 2011Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 7.3Temperature DeterminationFixed Automatic Tank Temperature SystemsMeasurement CoordinationSECOND EDITI
2、ON, OCTOBER 2011Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assigne
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15、right 2011 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis foreword is for information and is not part of this standard. This standard discusses equipment, methods and procedures for determining the temperature of hydrocarbon liquids using fixed automatic tank temperature systems.The below listed sections
16、are removed from API MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001 and are covered by this publication of API MPMS Chapter 7.3 “Temperature Determination-Fixed Automatic Tank Temperature Systems”, 2nd edition, 2011. 5.1 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs) 5.5 Thermowells 5.6 Dat
17、a Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.3 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers 8.1 Fixed Automatic Tank Thermometers (ATTs) 9.1 Fixed Automatic Tank ThermometersRevision of API MPMS Chapter 7-2001 is ongoing. The revision of API MPMS Chapter 7 will divide the
18、current standard into four separate standards. It is anticipated that these four standards, including API MPMS Chapter 7.3-2011 referenced above, will supersede the sections of API MPMS Chapter 7-2001 as follows.API MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.3 Glass T
19、hermometers 5.5 Thermowells 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.5 Mercury-in-Glass Thermometers 8.3 Glass and Mercury-in-Glass Thermometer Verificationto be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.1, 2nd Edition, Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers”.API MPMS Chap
20、ter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.2 Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs) 5.4 Electronic Temperature Devices 5.5 Thermowells. 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 6.1 Ambient Temperature 6.4 Portable Electronic Thermometers 8.2 Portable El
21、ectronic Thermometers (PETs)to be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.2, 3rd Edition, “Portable Electronic Thermometers (PETs)”.iiiAPI MPMS Chapter 7, “Temperature Determination”, 1st edition 2001, sections: 5.5 Thermowells. 5.6 Data Collection, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment 7 Dynamic Tempera
22、ture Measurement 8.4 Dynamic Verification and Calibration 9.2 Dynamic Temperature Equipmentto be covered by API MPMS Chapter 7.4, 2nd Edition, “Dynamic Temperature Measurement”.For the purposes of business transactions, limits on error or measurement tolerance are usually set by law, regulation, or
23、mutual agreement between contracting parties. This publication provides guidance on tolerances that are recommended for custody transfer applications, and also describes methods by which acceptable approaches to any desired accuracy can be achieved.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be c
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25、ll: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification. This document was produced under API standard
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28、ndards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and
29、materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.ivContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, an
31、d Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Acro
32、nyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、. . . . . . . . 44.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 Equipment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Equipment and Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 Equipment and Apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 System Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 Selection of an ATT System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4 Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.5 ATT Systems for Marine Applications. . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Installation Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.1 Location Requirements for ATTs in Custody
38、Transfer Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.2 Location Requirements for ATTs in Inventory Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.3 Other Mechanical Installation Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.4 ATT Systems for Marine Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.5 Data Acquisition, Data Transmission, and Receiving Equipment . . . . . . . . . .
40、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186.6 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Procedures for Temperature Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.1 Timing of Temperature Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.2 Reporting of Temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.3 Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 Accuracy Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.1 Requirements for ATTs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.2 Requirements for Test Equipment. . . . . . .
44、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Inspection, Verification, and Calibration Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.2 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.3 Calib
46、ration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.4 Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259.5 Inspection and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Annex A (normative) Accuracy Limitations of Tank Temperature Measurements Onboard Marine Vessels . 26Bibliog
48、raphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Figures1 Example of Multiple-Spot Temperature Element Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49、 . . . . 92 Example of Variable-Length ATT Temperature Element Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Example of Automatic Tank Temperature System Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14vContentsPageTables1 Minimum Number of Temperature Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Example of Sensor Lengths for a Variable Length ATT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
