1、Recommended Practice for Electrical Submersible Pump InstallationsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11S3SECOND EDITION, MARCH 1999REAFFIRMED, OCTOBER 2013Recommended Practice for Electrical Submersible Pump InstallationsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11S3SECOND EDITION, MARCH 1999REAFFIRMED, OCTOBE
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10、 sound engineer- ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply- ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from
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13、lishel; API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N. IT, Washington, D. C. 20005. Copyright O 1999 American Petroleum Institute FOREWORD This recommended practice is under the jurisdiction of the American Petroleum Institute (API) Subcommittee on Field Operating Equipment. This document presents recom
14、mended practices for the storage, transportation, handling, installation, start-up and pulling of electrical submersible pumps and auxiliary equipment. This document includes usage of the verbs shall and should, whichever is the more appli- cable to the function. For the purpose of this document: Sh
15、all indicates the recommended practice is considered a minimum requirement that has universal applicability to the specific activity. Should indicates a recommended practice: (a) for which alternative practices may be equally safe andor effective; or, (b) which may be impractical under some circumst
16、ances or applications. API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them. The Institute, however, makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicati
17、on and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Upstr
18、eam Segment, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. This recommended practice shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used voluntarily from the date of distribution. . 111 CONTENTS Page 1 SCOPE . 1 2 REFERENCES 1 3 TRANSPORTATION. HANDLI
19、NG AND STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT . 1 3.2 3.3 3.1 Cables . 1 Pumps. Motors. Sealing Sections. and Gas Separators . 3 Surface and Miscellaneous Equipment . 3 3.4 Storage 4 4 GENERAL SURFACE INSTALLATION . 4 4.1 General 4 4.2 Primary Service Transformers 4 4.3 Motor Control Panels, Vents, and Junction Boxes
20、 4 4.4 Surface Wiring 5 4.5 Wellheads 5 5 INSTALLATION AND PULLING EQUIPMENT 5 5.1 Well-Servicing Rigs 5 5.2 Tubing Spiders 5 5.3 Back-upTongs 6 Cable Spoolers or Reels . 6 Downhole Pump Cable Protection 6 5.6 Cable Sheave . 6 5.4 5.5 6 RUNNING EQUIPMENT INTO THE WELL . 6 6.1 EquipmentCheck 6 6.2 Ca
21、singcheck . 6 Preparation of Wellhead for Running Equipment . 7 Lifting Equipment into Running Position . 7 6.5 Cable Splicing 7 6.6 Cable Bandmg 7 Check Valves and Bleeder or Drain Valves 8 6.8 Running Practices . 8 Pump Setting Depth 8 6.1 O Wellhead Completion 8 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.9 7 START.UPPROCEDUR
22、E . 8 7.1 Pre-Start-up Procedure 8 7.2 Equipment Start-up 8 8 PULLING EQUIPMENT OUT OF WELLS . 9 8.1 HistoricalData 9 8.2 Pulling Equipment . 9 8.3 BandRemoval 9 8.4 SpoolingCable 9 8.5 Shipping Equipment . 9 V CONTENTS Page 9 FIELD EVALUATION OF USED EQUIPMENT 9 On-Site Observations and Inspections
23、 9 9.1 10 ASSESSMENT OF USED EQUIPMENT 10 10.1 Downhole Pump Cables . 10 10.2 Pumps 10 10.3 Motors . 10 10.4 SealChambers . 10 10.5 Motor Lead Extensions/Potheads 11 10.6 Electrical Feed Through Assemblies 11 10.7 Reusing Equipment . 11 Figures 14omponents of an Electrical Submersible Pumping System
24、 . 2 3-Vented Junction Box 5 2-Preparation of Cable for Transportation and Handling of Spools . 3 vi Electrical Submersible Pump Installations 1 Scope 1 .I This recommended practice covers the installation and replacement of all major components that comprise a typical, electrical submersible pumpin
25、g system. (See Figure 1.) Spe- cifically, it covers installations in oil and gas production oper- ations where the equipment is installed on tubing. It does not cover equipment selection or application. 1.2 Any of several installation procedures may be accept- able for good operations. All installat
26、ions, however, require good engineering practice, sound judgment, and proper maintenance. 2 References This recommended practice includes, by reference, either in total or in part, other standards and recommended practices listed below. The latest edition of these standards and recom- mended practic
27、es should be used unless otherwise noted: API RP 11s RP 11s1 RP llS2 RP llS4 RP llS6 RP llS7 RP llS8 RP 500 RP 505 ASTM D-877 The Operation, Maintenance and Trouble- shooting of Electrical Submersible Pump Installations Electric Submersible Pump Teardown Report Electric Submersible Pump Testing Sizi
28、ng and Selection of Electric Submers- ible Pump Installations Testing of Electric Submersible Pump Cable Systems Electric Submersible Pump Seal Chamber Section Application and Testing of Electric Sub- mersible Pump System Ebrations Classijication of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleu
29、m Facilities Clas- sijed as Class 4 Division 1 and Division 2 Classijication of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classi- jed as Class 4 Zone O, Zone 1 and Zone 2 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Break- down Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disc Electrodes IEEE 101
30、7 Recommended Practice for Field Testing of Electric Submersible Pump Cable 3 Transportation, Handling and Storage of Equipment 3.1 CABLES 3.1 .I Downhole Pump Cables The recommended method to lift a reel of cable is to insert an adequately sized piece of pipe through the center of the reel to serve
31、 as an axle. The reel should be lifted with a power spooler or with a spreader bar and a wire rope or chain sling attached to this axle. A reel of cable should never be lifted using a sling without a spreader bar as the cable or the cable reel could be damaged. The following are also recommended: a.
32、 Necessary precautions should be taken to protect the cable and reel from damage during storage, transportation or instal- lation of equipment. b. The reel of cable should never be allowed to roll against objects that might crush or otherwise damage the cable or reel. c. A minimum 4-in. clearance sh
33、ould be allowed between the outermost layer of the cable and the flange of the cable reel to protect the cable from damage. (See Figure 2.) d. The reel should be transported and handled with the reel axle horizontal to the ground. e. The reel rims-when transported by conventional means-should be cho
34、cked (blocked) on both sides of the reel, and that the reel should be properly secured by “boom chains” passing through the center section of the reel. f. Chains should never pass over the top of the reel or touch the cable. g. When forklifts are used to handle cable reels: 1. Forks shall be long en
35、ough to support both reel rims; 2. Forks shall be of adequate width to safely lift the reel; 3. Forks shall be locked in position; 4. Lifts shall be made on the reel rims only (when approaching the reel from its end); 5. Only one cable reel shall be lifted at a time. 3.1.2 Motor Lead Extension (Flat
36、) Cables 3.1.2.1 To ensure physical protection, a motor lead exten- sion cable that is shipped separately should be boxed, crated, reeled or secured to a pallet. American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959. Institute of Electrical and
37、 Electronics Engineers, 4.45 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855-1331. 1 2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11 S3 , conductor Service disconnect and motor control panel y- Vented junction box Surface wiring* , I Down hole pump cable ,/ 1 Splice . Motor lead ,. a/ 4 extensio *Note: All surface wiring sha
38、ll be suitable for the operating conditions (amperage, voltage, and area classification) and shall be installed using a wiring method that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). (See 4.4.1 .I .) Pumping assembly . . b/ F Electrical feed- Tubing string b * Well casing Bands Figure
39、I-Components of an Electrical Submersible Pumping System ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP INSTALLATIONS 3 For strain relief, provide separate tie down for down hole pump cable if spliced to motor lead cable. J“ Splice 4” min. inset A Note: Inset provided to allow reel flanges to protect cable from physic
40、al damage. L Both ends of cable must be secured and sealed to protect against the environment. Figure 2-Preparation of Cable for Transportation and Handling of Spools 3.1.2.2 To protect the cable from the elements, each end of the lead extension cable should be sealed. 3.2 PUMPS, MOTORS, SEALING SEC
41、TIONS, AND GAS SEPARATORS 3.2.1 These components normally are shipped and handled in metal shipping boxes provided by the manufacturer. 3.2.2 These components should be properly supported at points one-fourth the distance from each end inside the ship- ping box and should have proper shipping caps i
42、nstalled in accordance with the manufacturers specifications. 3.2.3 The length of the truck or trailer bed used to trans- port the equipment should adequately support the total length of the equipment shipping box with no more than a 3-ft overhang. 3.2.4 Equipment shipping boxes should be in a horiz
43、ontal position when transported. 3.2.5 Support blocks under shipping boxes should be prop- erly spaced for the equipment load, and boom chains securing the boxes should be located only over these support blocks. 3.2.6 All equipment shipping boxes should be marked by the manufacturer to show which en
44、d should be placed toward the wellhead. When off-loading the equipment at the well location, that end of the box should be placed as close to the wellhead as practical. 3.2.7 and maintained in a horizontal position. 3.2.8 Boxes should not be dragged, bounced or dropped when handled. Shipping boxes s
45、hould be lifted with a two-point lift 3.3 SURFACE AND MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT 3.3.1 Transformers 3.3.1 .I for loading, unloading, and handling. 3.3.1.2 Transformers should be lifted either with cables or a lifting beam. Covers should be bolted in place when cables are used, and a spreader bar should
46、 be used to maintain the transformer in a vertical position. 3.3.1.3 Where a crane or hoist is unavailable, transformers should be skidded or jacked-up for movement on rollers. Care shall be taken to avoid tipping transformers. Jacks should be used only under the jack lugs or bosses provided-never u
47、nder drain valves and the like. Transformers should be provided with lifting eyes 4 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11 S3 3.3.2 Motor Control Panels 3.3.2.1 When transporting motor controllers, they should be secured to the truck bed (or other surface, as applicable) to prevent movement, tipping or excessi
48、ve vibration. 3.3.2.2 Nothing should be placed on top of the motor con- troller. Pry bars should be used rather than hammers for uncrating control panels. 3.3.2.3 The interior of motor control panels (controllers) should be kept clean and dry. All internal components should be examined for shipping
49、damage. 3.3.3 Accessory Equipment 3.3.3.1 All accessory equipment should be boxed or other- wise properly protected and identified when shipped. 3.3.3.2 When transported or handled, this equipment should be provided the same protection and handling care outlined for other system components. 3.4 STORAGE 3.4.1 For extended storage of equipment, the equipment manufacturers should be contacted for specific recommenda- tions. The use of desiccant or corrosion inhibitors, or both, may be desirable. 4 General Surface Installation 4.1 GENERAL All equipment shall be properly installed f
