1、Recommended Practice for Testing of Electric Submersible Pump Cable SystemsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11S6FIRST EDITION, DECEMBER 1, 1995REAFFIRMED, OCTOBER 2013Recommended Practice for Testing of Electric Submersible Pump Cable SystemsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 11S6FIRST EDITION, DECEMB
2、ER 1, 1995REAFFIRMED, OCTOBER 2013SPECIAL NOTES API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to par- ticular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or
3、suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, Concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or fed- eral laws. Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to parti
4、cular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufac- turer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet. Nothing contained in any API publication is to be consirued as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use o
5、f any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent. Generally, API publications are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every 5 ye
6、ars. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to 2 years will be added to this re- view cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect 5 years after its publication date as an operative API publication or, where an extension has been granted, upon republication. Status of the publication can be asc
7、ertained from the API Authoring Department. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually and updated quarterly by API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appro- priate notification and particip
8、ation in the developmental process and is designated an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this document or com- ments and questions Concerning the procedures under which this standard was developed should be directed in writing to the director of the Exploration
9、 and Production Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director. API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so
10、. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this pub- lication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or
11、damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of the information con- tained therein. These documents are not intended to obviate the need fo
12、r applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where this information should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other data, information, or practices. Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in c
13、onformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod- ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard. All rights reserved. No part of
14、 this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or other- wise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact API Publications Manager, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20005. Copyright 63 199
15、5 American Petroleum Institute API RPxLLSb 95 0732290 O549402 BBB m Contents Page 1 SCOPE 1.1 General . 1.1 Organization . 1.2 Jurisdiction 2 DEFINITIONS 2.1 ACTests 2.2 Acceptance Testing 2.3 Conductor Resistance 2.4 Connectors 2.5 DCTests 2.6 Diagnostic Testing . 2.7 Grounding Stick (Discharge Res
16、istor) . 2.8 High Potential (Hi-Pot) Tests 2.9 InsulationConductance . 2.10 Insulation Impedance . 2.11 Insulation Resistance 2.12 IRTests 2.13 Leakagecurrent . 2.14 In-Situ Testing . 2.15 Megohmmeter Tests 2.16 Penetrators 2.17 Potheads . 2.18 PowerFactor 2.19 Maintenance Testing 2.20 Time Domain R
17、eflectometer (TDR) 3.1 Description 3.2 Application 3 INSULATIONPROPERTIES 3.3 Limitations 3.4 Procedure . 4 SAFETY . 4.1 Description 4.2 Application 4.3 Procedures . 5 VISUAL INSPECTION . 5.1 Description 5.2 Application 5.3 Limitations 5.4 Procedure . 5.4.1 Armor . 5.4.2 Jacket . 5.4.3 Insulation Co
18、verings . 5.4.4 Insulation 5.4.5 Conductors . 5.4.6 Motor Lead Extension 1 Pothead 5.4.7 Connecting Devices 6 CABLE SYSTEM PREPARATION . 6.1 Description 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 API RP*:LLSb 95 D 0732290 0549403 714 D 6.2 Applica
19、tion 6.3 Limitations . 6.4 Procedure . 6.4.1 Cable With Connecting Devices 6.4.2 Cable Without Connecting Devices 7 ACCEPTANCE TESTING 7.1 Description 7.2 Application 7.3 Limitations 8 MAINTENANCE (PROOF) TESTING . 8.1 Description 8.2 Application 8.3 Limitations 9 IN-SITUTESTING 9.1 Description 9.2
20、Application 9.3 Limitations 10 DIAGNOSTIC (FAULT) TESTING . 10.1 Description . 10.2 Application . 10.3 Limitations . 11.1 Description . 11.3 Limitations . 11 INSULATION RESISTANCE (MEGOHMMETER) TESTS 1 1.2 Application . 1 1.4 Test Procedure . 12 DC HIGH POTENTIAL TESTS 12.1 Description . 12.2 Applic
21、ation . 12.3 Limitations . 12.4 Test Procedure . 13 ACTESTING . 13.1 Description . 13.2 Application . 13.3 Limitations . 14 FAULT LOCATION TESTS . 14.1 Murry Loop (Bridge Fault Locator) Tests 14.1.1 Description 14.1.2 Application 14.1.3 Limitations 14.1.4Procedure . 14.2 Capacitive Discharge Instrum
22、ent (Thumper) . 14.2.1 Description 14.2.2 Application 14.2.3 Limitations 14.2.4 Procedure . 14.3 Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) Tests . 14.3.1 Description 14.3.2 Application 8 8 8 8 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 1
23、6 16 16 16 16 16 iv . API RP*LLSb 95 0732290 0549404 6.50 14.3.3 Limitations 17 14.3.4 Test Procedures . 18 Figures 1-Cable with Male Connecting Device Isolated with High-Dielectic, 2-Positioning of High-Dielectic. Nonadhering. 3-Cable with Female Connecting Device Isolated with Insulated Extension
24、4-Positioning of a Molded Test Plug over the Contacts of a Pothead 5-Basic Circuit Diagram of a Phase to Armor Fault Location Test Nonadhering. Preshrunk Sleeves 9 Preshrunk Sleeve on Male Connector . 9 Pins . 10 10 17 Tables 1-High-Voltage Testing Requirements 3 2-K factors (megohm-kft) for Polypro
25、pylene and Thermoset (EPDM) 3 3-Polypropylene Factory Cable Testing at 100% K (SO, 000) 4 “Thermoset-EPDM Factory Cable Testing at 100% K (20, 000) . 4 5-Polypropylene Acceptance Cable Testing at 80% K (40, 000) . 4 6-Thermoset (EPDM) Acceptance Cable Testing at 80% K (16, 000) 4 7-Polypropylene Mai
26、ntenance Cable Testing at 40% K (20, 000) . 5 8-Thermoset(EPDM) Maintenance Cable Testing at 40% K (8, 000) 5 9-Temperature Correction Factor-Insulation (1.03) 6 l-Resistance of Typical Conductor Sizes . 8 11-DC Test Voltages (kv) for ESP Cable 13 12-DC Test Voltages (kv) for Connectors, Penetrators
27、, and Potheads 13 13-ACVoltageTests 15 V API RP*llSb 95 m 0732290 0549405 597 m Foreword This recommended practice is under the jurisdiction of the API Subcommittee on Stan- dardization of Field Operating Equipment. This recommended practice shall become efective on the date printed on the cover but
28、 may be used voluntarilyfrom the date of distribution. API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; how- ever, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee
29、in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict. Suggested revisions are invited and should be sub
30、mitted to the director of the Exploration and Production Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washing- ton, D.C. 20005. API RP*ltLSb 95 0732290 0549406 423 Recommended Practice for Testing of Electric Submersible Pump Cable Systems 1 Scope 2.2 ACCEPTANCE TESTING 1.1 GENERAL
31、 Acceptance testing is performed by the user upon receipt of new cable and connection devices to confm that no dam- age occurred during shipping and handling. (See Section 7.) This recommended practice covers testing of Electric Sub- mersible hmp Cable Systems. Cable testing, in general, can be brok
32、en into two basic categories: Factory Testing and Field Testing. This recommended practice only addresses procedures for Field Testing. Factory Tests provide assurance that the finished product meets the anticipated performance criteria for the intended application. All the tests involved are used t
33、o detect gross ca- ble defects in materials and workmanship. Typical tests on new cable include ac, dc, IR and Conductor Resistance, and are covered under such standards as IEEE 400, IEEE 1017, IEEE 1018, and IEEE 1019. One consideration of any testing is that an electrical fail- ure may not occur o
34、n a damaged cable during the actual test since testing is done under controlled conditions relative to oil well conditions. A more costly failure may then occur with the damaged cable downhole. Testing is simply an indi- cator of the insulation at that time. It is not a guarantee of fu- ture perform
35、ance. The test procedures and values outlined in this document are based upon accepted practices. Nevertheless, engineering judgment should be used to determine values and procedures applicable in specific situations. 1.2 ORGANIZATION This recommended practice addresses field testing of elec- tric s
36、ubmersible pump cable systems. It is organized into three major topic categories. The first category provides gen- eral definitions and overview of terms, safety considerations, and cable system preparation guidelines (Sections 24). The second category identifies various situations under which testi
37、ng is performed (Sections 7-10). The third category iden- tifies test methods and procedures (Sections 11-14). 1.3 JURISDICTION This document covers generally accepted practices for submersible cable systems. All applicable local, state, and na- tional codes and regulations should be followed for ea
38、ch installation. 2 Definitions 2.1 ACTESTS AC Tests are tests performed by the manufacturer to de- termine cable insulation integrity. The applied ac voltage is used as a pass/fail test. AC tests have seldom been performed in the field. (See Section 13.) 2.3 CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE Conductor Resistance
39、 is that property of the conductor that resists the flow of electrons (direct current). It is affected by conductor cross-sectional area, conductor length, conductor material, and conductor temperature. 2.4 CONNECTORS Connectors are attachments for electrically conducting power through the wellhead
40、and downhole packer. These de- vices consist of two separable components which complete the electrical circuit when mated. 2.5 DCTESTS DC Tests are tests performed by the manufacturer or user to determine insulation integrity. The applied dc voltage may be used as a padfail test. The leakage current
41、 of the applied voltage may be used as a comparative measure of cable sys- tem quality. (See Section 12.) 2.6 DIAGNOSTIC TESTING Diagnostic Testing is performed to locate faults, deter- mine the cause of failure, and evaluate the condition of used cable after faults have been located and repaired. T
42、hese tests may also be used to help determine suitability for reuse. (See Section 10.) 2.7 GROUNDING STICK (DISCHARGE RESISTOR) A grounding stick should be used to discharge a cable af- ter testing. A grounding stick is an assembly with a resistance not less than 10,000 ohm/kV of test voltage. 2.8 H
43、IGH POTENTIAL (HCP0T)TESTS High potential insulation tests are intended to provide nondestructive ac or dc strength testing of insulation. A dc test is considered high potential when it is conducted at a voltage level two times the insulation rating plus 1000 volts or more. An ac test is considered
44、high potential when it is conducted at a voltage level greater than 1.2 times the insulation rating. The tests may be leakage current tests or voltage with- stand tests. Direct current high potential tests are widely used for acceptance and maintenance (proof) testing. 1 2 API RP*:LLSb 95 m 0732290
45、0549407 3bT API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1 1 C6 2.9 INSULATION CONDUCTANCE Insulation conductance is equivalent to the reciprocal of insulation resistance. It is usually measured in units of /.ldlOOo v/1000 ft. 2.10 INSULATION IMPEDANCE Insulation impedance is an electrical measurement of the opposition
46、 to the flow of alternating current through the insulation. Impedance includes resistance and alternating cur- rent effects. Changes in impedance may be caused by imper- fections in or deformations of the insulation. 2.1 1 INSULATION RESISTANCE Insulation Resistance (IR) is a property of the insulat
47、ion that opposes the flow of direct current through the insulation. (See Section 11 .) 2.12 IRTESTS IR Tests are conducted by impressing a dc voltage across the insulation. This will produce a leakage current through the insulation. The ratio of impressed voltage to leakage cur- rent is insulation r
48、esistance. This test uses a megohmmeter. (See Section 11 .) 2.13 LEAKAGE CURRENT Leakage Current is the current reading resulting from conduction through an insulating medium or over sur- faces such as terminations. This current is usually mea- sured in microamps. 2.14 IN-SITU TESTING In-Situ Testin
49、g consists of tests made during and after installation of the cable in the well. It is intended to detect deterioration of the cable system to determine suitability for start-up or continued operation. (See Section 9.) 2.1 5 MEGOHMMETER TESTS Megohmmeter Tests are insulation resistance tests con- ducted at an impressed dc voltage of 5000 V or less. (See Section 11 .) 2.16 PENETRATORS Penetrators (feed-through mandrels) are pressure/fluid barriers around electrical conductors. The electrical connec- tion may be by connectors or cable leads. 2.17 POTHEADS Potheads are electrical
