1、Safe Use of 2-inch Hammer Unions for Oilfield ApplicationsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 7HU1 FIRST EDITION, MAY 2009ERRATA, FEBRUARY 2014REAFFIRMED, APRIL 2014Safe Use of 2-inch Hammer Unions for Oilfield ApplicationsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 7HU1FIRST EDITION, MAY 2009ERRATA, FEBRUARY 201
2、4REAFFIRMED, APRIL 2014Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other
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4、publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.Users of this Recommended Practice (RP) should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document.
5、 Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgement should be used in employing the information contained herein.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health
6、and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or suppl
7、ier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in determining the appropriateness of applying the RP. At all times users should employ sound business, scientific,
8、 engineering, and judgement safety when using this RP.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in
9、connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availa
10、bility of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way
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12、at such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from
13、the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2009 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis recommended practice (RP) is under the jurisdiction of the American Petroleum Institute (API) Subcommittee on Drilling Structures and Equ
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19、tment, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, standardsapi.org
20、.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Objective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Terms, Definitions, and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Mismatch Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 General . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 Example of the Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . 33.3 Mismatching 2-inch Figure 402, Figure 602 and, Figure 1002 with 2-inch Figure 1502 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Description of the Engineering Design Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 General . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.2 Reduced Thread Major Diameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . 54.3 Raised Shoulder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 Mark Indicating Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Measures to Prevent the Make-up of Mismatched Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.2 Replace all 2-inch Hammer Union Components in Fleet to 2-inch Figure 1502. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 Go/No-go Gauges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 Inspection and Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 Training. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.6 Management of Change (MOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.7 Permit-to-work (PTW) and/or Job Safety Analysis (JSA) . . . . . . . .
32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.8 Job Site Inventory of Hammer Union Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.9 Color-coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Mitigating the Effects of Mismatched Components Parting Explosively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 General Safety Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.3 Inspection, Maintenance, and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.4 Mixing Hammer Union Components from Different Manufacturers . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.5 Documented Safe Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.6 Pressure Rating Consideration for Dynamic Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.7 Other Mismatch Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 System vs Component Pressure Rating and Service Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . 117.9 Newly Manufactured Equipment not Conforming to New Engineering Design Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . 12Figures1 Mismatched Male Union Sub and Wing Nut Threaded to a Female Union Sub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Reduction of External Thread Major Diameter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Raised Shoulder on New
40、 Engineering Design Compared to Original Design without Raised Shoulder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Marked Raised Shoulder on New Engineering Design Compared to the Original Geometry .
41、. . . . . . . . . 75 Go/No-go Gauge Ring Not Accepting a 2-inch Figure 1502 Threads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Go/No-go Gauge Ring Accepting a 2-inch Figure 402, Figure 602, and Figure 1002 Threads. . . . . . . . . . 9v1Safe Use of 2-inch Hammer Unions for Oilfiel
42、d Applications1 Scope1.1 GeneralThis recommended practice (RP) sets forth procedural recommendations as well as an engineering solution to the mismatching of a female 2-inch Figure 402, a female 2-inch Figure 602, or a female 2-inch Figure 1002 hammer union component (sub) with a male 2-inch Figure
43、1502 hammer union component (wing nut) as described in 3.2. The procedural recommendations described in this RP should be implemented to reduce further incidents. The engineering solution, which prevents the mating of female 2-inch Figure 402, 2-inch Figure 602 and/or 2-inch Figure 1002 subs with th
44、e wing nut of the 2-inch Figure 1502 hammer union, applies to the manufacture of new hammer union components and should not be applied in the modification of existing hammer union components due to unknown factors caused by field wear.1.2 ObjectiveThe objectives of this RP are as follows.a) Raise aw
45、areness of the incompatibility of these hammer union components, whereby these components will mate improperly when threaded together; and are likely to fail explosively below the rated working pressure of the hammer union parts (male or female).b) Describe a recommended procedural solution to the i
46、ndustry that will reduce the likelihood of a 2-inch Figure 402, 2-inch Figure 602 and/or 2-inch Figure 1002 hammer union component being made-up inadvertently to a 2-inch Figure 1502 hammer union component. This procedural solution is critical because, depending on industry acceptance and implementa
47、tion, the engineering solution might take years to effectively eliminate industry equipment manufactured to the original design of 2-inch Figure 402, Figure 602, and Figure 1002 hammer union components.c) Advise users and suppliers of hammer unions to adopt those procedural recommendations that are
48、reasonably practicable to implement.NOTE The recommendations in this document build on advice and advisories previously communicated to the industry.d) Describe an engineering design solution to the industry that makes impossible the mating of female 2-inch Figure 402, 2-inch Figure 602 and/or 2-inc
49、h Figure 1002 subs with the wing nut of the 2-inch Figure 1502 hammer union.e) Recommend users and suppliers of hammer unions implement this new engineering design on their job sites for 2-inch Figure 402, Figure 602 or Figure 1002 components. However, users should exercise caution in reintroducing 2-inch Figure 402, 2-inch Figure 602, and 2-inch Figure 1002 components if already banned from a companys fleet.2 Terms, Definitions, and Abbreviations2.1 Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this publication, the following terms, definitions and abbreviated terms apply.2 API RECOMMENDED
