1、Terminal Piping InspectionInspection of In-Service Terminal Piping SystemsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 2611 FIRST EDITION, JUNE 2011Terminal Piping Inspection Inspection of In-Service Terminal Piping SystemsDownstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 2611 FIRST EDITION, JUNE 2011Special NotesAPI publicat
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6、blication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utili
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10、lisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2011 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis Standard is intended to provide guidance to terminal personnel for the inspection and repair of existing metallic piping systems at terminal facilit
11、ies. This Standard is based largely on accepted industry practice for the inspection and repair of terminal piping.It is the intent of the American Petroleum Institute (API) to keep this publication up-to-date. All terminal piping system Owner/Users are invited to report their experiences in the ins
12、pection and repair of piping systems whenever such experiences may suggest a need for revising or expanding the practices set forth in API 2611. This edition of API 2611 is the first edition. Each edition, revision, or addenda to this API Standard may be used beginning with the date of issuance show
13、n on the cover page for that edition, revision, or addenda. Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contai
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15、dvised but not required in order to conform to the specification. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the c
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17、te all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can
18、 be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,
19、Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 General Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Specific Applications . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Term
22、s, Acronyms, and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . 53.2 Terms and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Owner/User Inspection Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.2 Authorized Piping Inspector Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Inspection of Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.2 General Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.3 Preparation for Inspection . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4 Inspection for Specific Types of Corrosion and Cracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.5 Methods of Inspection . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Frequency and Extent of Inspection of Above Ground Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.2 Additional Requirements for Insulated Piping Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Frequency and Extent of Inspection of Bel
30、ow Ground Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.1 Inspection Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227.2 Leak Detection Systems. . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.3 Cathodic Protection for External Corrosion Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.4 Indirect (Overline) Surveys for External Co
32、rrosion Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.5 Below Ground Inspection Intervals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.6 Leak Testing Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.7 Inspection Data Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 Repairs To Piping Systems . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.1 Repairs to Coatings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.2 Clamp
35、Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.3 Welded Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . 288.4 Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Marine Facilities Inspection/Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.1 Extent of Inspection/Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.2 Transfer Hoses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.3 Metallic Transfer Arms Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289.4 Piping and Piping Components Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299.5 U.S. Jurisdiction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Annex A (normative) Inspector Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Annex B (informative) Summary of Cited Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Annex C (informative) Guidance on Pipe Wall Retirement Thickness. . . .
41、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Annex D (informative) Sample External Inspection Checklist for Process Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35vContentsPageAnnex E (informative) Sample Inspection Checklists for Above Ground Piping . . . . . . . . . . .
42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Figures1 Schematic of Piping Systems for Hydrocarbons and Similar Flammable, Combustible, or To
43、xic Fluid Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Tables1 Deadleg Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44、 . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Inspection Location Based on Corrosion Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.A Frequency of External Inspection for Buried Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45、 . . . 263.B Recommended Corrosion Testing Protocols for Buried Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26vi1Terminal Piping InspectionInspection of In-Service Terminal Piping Systems1 Scope1.1 GeneralAPI 2611 covers the inspection of typical terminal piping system
46、s within terminal boundaries, which includes off-plot piping. Off-plot piping includes, but is not limited to piping between facilities, piping that comes from or goes to a refinery, or other type facility, or piping that may cross a road, ditch or other property outside the confines of a terminal f
47、acility. Piping for transportation of finished fuel products such as gasoline, diesel, lubricating oils, jet fuel and aviation fuel are covered by the scope of this document. Also covered are piping systems for nonfuel-type fluids. The piping for other terminal nonfuel-type fluids typically found in
48、 terminals, include asphaltic products, process water, transmix, slop water and biofuels. The scope of this document does not include piping in a refinery facility, sanitary waste piping, cast iron piping and nonmetallic gravity flow piping systems.1.2 General ApplicationThe purpose of this document
49、 is to align current terminal piping inspection practices with the appropriate and applicable elements of API 570. API 2611 covers the inspection of existing terminal piping systems. Figure 1 illustrates typical piping configurations that are encountered at terminals. In addition, the figure indicates possible delineation of United States Department of Transportation USDOT (i.e. ASME B31.4/API 1104, Breakout) and non-USDOT (i.e. ASME B31.3, Storage) facilities. Understanding the Codes to which facilities were constructed can facilitate the evaluation of the piping systems. Minor repa
