1、Recommended Practice for Truck Transportation of Line PipeRECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5LT FIRST EDITION, MARCH 2012Recommended Practice for Truck Transportation of Line PipeUpstream SegmentRECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5LT FIRST EDITION, MARCH 2012Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a gene
2、ral nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to t
3、he accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other a
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5、epresentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are
6、 published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API
7、 publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API doe
8、s not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation. Users of this Recommended Practice should consult with the appropria
9、te authorities having jurisdiction.Users of this Recommended Practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.API is not undertaking to meet th
10、e duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.Information concerning safety and health r
11、isks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and condi-tions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval syste
12、m, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2012 American Petroleum InstituteForewordNothing conta
13、ined in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability
14、for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.This doc
15、ument was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the proced
16、ures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be address
17、ed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-800
18、0. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Trailer Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Type of Trailers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Containerized Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Bearing Strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.1 Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.2
24、 Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.3 Blocking and Shimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.4 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.5 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Separator Strips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.1 Location of Separator strips. . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.2 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Overhang . . . . .
28、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 Handling Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、. . . . . . 412 Positioning and Loading of Pipe with Filler Metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412.1 SAWL & COWL Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . 412.2 SAWH & COWH Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 Banding and Tie-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514 Pole Trailers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514.2 Cradles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514.3 Strapping . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.4 Overhang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . 615 Loading Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616 Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616.1 Purchaser Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616.2 Damaged Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Table1 Bearing strips minimum requirements by random length and overhang. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3v1Recommended Practice for Truck Transportation of Line Pipe1 ScopeThe recommendati
37、ons provided herein apply to the transportation of coated or bare line pipe in sizes 2 3/8 in. (60.3 mm) and larger, on trailer.2 PurposeThis recommended practice was developed and exists, to minimize transportation damage, including transit fatigue, for bare and coated line pipe of sizes 2 3/8 in.
38、(60.3 mm) and greater. 3 Definitions3.1bearing stripsThe load bearing dunnage separating the pipe load from the trailer bed.3.2carrierThe party contracted to transport the pipe.3.3end userThe party using the pipe after it has been delivered and unloaded.3.4overhangThe distance from the rearmost bott
39、om bearing strip on the trailer bed to the rear end of the bottom layer of pipe.3.5purchaserThe party contracting the shipper.3.6separator stripsThe dunnage used for separating layers of pipe in the load where pipe layers are not nested.3.7shipperThe party contracting the carrier.4 Additional inform
40、ationThe purchase order shall indicate which of the following provisions apply.a) Items that apply if agreed between shipper, purchaser, and party responsible for unloading the pipe:1) use of containerized or unitized loads (see Section 7).b) Items that apply if agreed between the shipper and the pu
41、rchaser:1) alternate maximum overhang (see Section 10),2API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5LT2) use of padded forks to handle bare pipe (see 11.7),3) exclusion of ropes surrounding pipe (see 12.2.3).c) Items that apply if agreed between the shipper and end user:1) use of metal chains or cables to tie-down lo
42、ads (see 13.2 and 14.3).d) Items that apply as prescribed unless otherwise agreed by the purchaser:1) longitudinal weld seam orientation to prevent pipe-to-weld contact and weld to steel banding strap contact (see 12.1.3).5 Trailer Condition5.1 Trailers used to ship pipe shall be reasonably free of
43、foreign materials and debris, particularly those of such sizes and hardness that could damage pipe during shipment and handling or that could contribute to movement of the pipe during shipping. 5.2 Where steel uprights or stakes are used, they shall be adequately padded. 5.3 No metal projections on
44、trailers such as bolts, nails or hooks that may come in contact with pipe during loading or transit are permitted. 5.4 When transporting coated pipe, the truck and trailer shall be equipped with mud guards to prevent stones and other debris from impacting the loads.6 Type of TrailersOne of the follo
45、wing types of trailers shall be used: flat bed trailers (including stretch trailers), arch trailers (sometimes referred to as aluminum trailers), pole trailers (see 14.0), if agreed, step bed trailers.7 Containerized Loads7.1 By agreement between the shipper, purchaser and the party responsible for
46、unloading the pipe, containerized or unitized loads are permissible. 7.2 Upon consultation with purchaser and party unloading the pipe, the shipper shall determine the necessity of bottom bearing strips considering the unloading partys ability to unload the pipe. 7.3 The shipper shall determine the
47、necessity of separator strips ensuring the unitized load is stable within the container and metal to metal contact is not possible except between adjacent pipe and as permitted by 7.2.RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR TRUCK TRANSPORTATION OF LINE PIPE 38 Bearing Strips 8.1 NumberThe minimum number of bearing
48、 strips positioned on the truck bed for pipe loads shall be per Table 1. 8.2 Positioning8.2.1 If an odd number of bearing strips are used, one bearing strip should be positioned in the approximate center of the load and others spaced appropriately.8.2.2 Bearing strips shall be solidly attached where
49、 practical across the width of the trailer deck and shall be spaced to accommodate loading and unloading by forklift. The maximum spacing of bearing strips shall not exceed 10 ft (3 m), excluding the gap in stretch trailers.8.2.3 The front most bearing strip should be placed under the pipe near the front of the trailer.8.3 Blocking and Shimming8.3.1 Wooden blocking, where required because of uneven trailer sides, should be positioned between trailer sides and stakes, and firmly attached to stakes. 8.3.2 Blocking used for leveling shall be firmly attached to the bearing strips.8.3.3 B
