1、 Guide for Building and Classing Asphalt Carriers with Independent Tanks GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS AUGUST 2017 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 2017 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reser
2、ved. ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Foreword Foreword Asphalt (also commonly referred to as bitumen) is usually stored at an elevated temperature during transportation, which results in the design of asphalt carriers being quite different from conventional oil carriers. Aspha
3、lt carriers with independent cargo tanks have several advantages over the integral tank type (e.g., minimum thermal heat loss and less thermal stress in hull structure) and are now becoming a dominant ship type for carriage of asphalt solutions. This Guide is developed and issued in response to the
4、market demand. This Guide provides the requirements to verify the eligibility for the notation null A1 Asphalt Carrier with Independent Tanks (temp) for vessels designed for carriage of asphalt solutions within independent tanks. The strength criteria contained herein are developed based on requirem
5、ents of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (Steel Vessel Rules) for fuel oil carriers and the ABS Guide for Building and Classing Liquefied Gas Carriers with Independent Tanks (LGC Guide) with due consideration of the influence from high temperature cargo. This Guide is to be used
6、 in conjunction with the Steel Vessel Rules and the LGC Guide. This Guide becomes effective on the first day of the month of publication. Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of this Guide is the most current. We welcome your feedback.
7、Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically by email to rsdeagle.org. ii ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 Table of Contents GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS CONTENTS SECTION 1 Introduction 1 1 General . 1 1
8、.1 Classification . 1 1.3 Optional Class Notation for Design Fatigue Life 1 1.5 Application . 1 1.7 Internal Members 2 1.9 Breaks . 2 1.11 Variations 2 1.13 Loading Guidance . 2 1.15 Pressure-Vacuum Valve Setting 2 1.17 Protection of Structure . 2 1.19 Tank Design Pressures . 2 1.21 Fire Protection,
9、 Fire Detection, and Fire Extinction . 2 3 References 2 SECTION 2 Ship Arrangement 3 1 General . 3 3 Supports of Independent Tanks 3 3.1 General 3 3.3 Documents to Be Submitted 3 3.5 Materials of Supports 3 5 Access to Space in Cargo Area 4 5.1 General 4 5.3 Access to Space Adjacent to Cargo Tank .
10、4 5.5 Access through Openings . 7 5.7 Cofferdams 7 5.9 Pipe Tunnels . 7 FIGURE 1 . 4 FIGURE 2 . 4 FIGURE 3 . 5 FIGURE 4 . 5 FIGURE 5 . 6 FIGURE 6 . 6 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 iii SECTION 3 Initial Scantling Criteria . 8 1 General . 8 1.1 Streng
11、th Requirements 8 1.3 Structural Details . 8 1.5 Evaluation of Grouped Stiffeners . 8 3 High Temperature Cargo 8 3.1 General 8 3.3 Material 9 3.5 Thermal Stress 9 5 Hull Girder Strength 9 5.1 Hull Girder Section Modulus 9 5.3 Hull Girder Moment of Inertia . 9 5.5 Shearing Strength 9 7 Hull Structure
12、s 10 7.1 Hull Structures in Way of Supports 10 7.3 Bottom Shell Plating and Stiffeners . 10 7.5 Side Shell Plating and Stiffeners . 11 7.7 Inner Bottom Plating and Stiffeners . 12 7.9 Deck Plating, Stiffeners, Pillars, Girders, and Transverses . 13 7.11 Bottom Floors and Girders . 14 7.13 Web Frames
13、 and Stringers 14 7.15 Frames, Stringers, and Web Frames in Fore and After-peak Tanks . 14 7.17 Plating, Stiffeners, Girders, and Webs on Watertight Boundaries 15 7.19 Plating, Stiffeners, Girders, and Webs on Deep Tank Boundaries 15 7.21 Bulkheads 15 7.23 Bottom Slamming 15 7.25 Bowflare Slamming 1
14、5 7.27 Bow Strengthening 15 9 Independent Cargo Tank Structures . 15 9.1 Hull Girder Stress 15 9.3 Tank Head for Scantlings 16 9.5 Plating 16 9.7 Stiffeners . 16 9.9 Main Supporting Members . 17 9.11 Sloshing . 17 9.13 Non-tight Bulkhead 17 11 Supports and Chocks 18 TABLE 1 Values of K1. 16 iv ABSGU
15、IDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 SECTION 4 Total Strength Assessment . 19 1 General . 19 3 Application 19 3.1 For Ships Having Lengths of 90 m (295 ft) and Above and Less than 150 m (492 ft) 19 3.3 For Ships Having Lengths of 150 m (492 ft) and Above 19 5 S
16、tandard Design Load Cases (Dynamic Condition) . 19 5.1 Standard Design Load Cases for Yielding and Buckling Strength Assessment . 19 5.3 Standard Design Load Cases for Fatigue Strength Assessment . 20 7 Special Design Load Cases (Static Condition) . 20 7.1 Loads 21 7.3 Boundary Condition . 22 7.5 Ac
17、ceptance Criteria . 22 9 Global FE Analysis 22 11 Local FE Analysis . 23 13 Acceptance Criteria Yielding 23 13.1 Allowable Stress for Watertight Boundaries 23 13.3 Allowable Stress for Main Support Members and Structural Details . 23 13.5 Allowable Stress for Supports and Chocks 24 15 Acceptance Cri
18、teria Buckling and Ultimate Strength . 24 17 Fatigue Damage . 24 19 Chocks/Supports Reaction Forces . 24 FIGURE 1 Alternate Loading Condition of Independent Tank 21 FIGURE 2 Checkerboard Loading Condition of Independent Tank 21 FIGURE 3 Sample Hydrostatic Pressure of Alternate Loading Condition . 21
19、 FIGURE 4 Sample Hydrostatic Pressure of Checkerboard Loading Condition . 21 FIGURE 5 Sample Constraints of Chock Supports 22 SECTION 5 Asphalt Solutions and Associated Systems 25 1 General . 25 3 Additional Requirements for Heating Systems . 25 3.1 General 25 3.3 Insulation . 25 3.5 Temperature Mea
20、suring 25 3.7 Thermal Oil Heating System 25 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 v This Page Intentionally Left Blank Section 1: Introduction SECTION 1 Introduction 1 General 1.1 Classification In accordance with 1-1-3/3 of the ABS Rules for Conditions of
21、Classification (Part 1), the classification notation null A1 Asphalt Carrier with Independent Tanks (temp) is to be assigned to vessels designed for carriage of asphalt solutions with maximum design cargo temperature of tempC in independent tanks (during loading, steady state, etc.), and built to th
22、e requirements of this Guide and other relevant sections of the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (Steel Vessel Rules). In addition, the classification notation SH, SHCM is to be assigned to vessels having lengths of 150 m (492 ft) and above. As used in the Guide, the term “asphalt s
23、olutions” refers to asphalt solutions listed in Appendix I to Annex I of MARPOL 1973 as modified by the 1978 and 1997 Protocols, and having flash points above 60C (140F), closed cup test. 1.3 Optional Class Notation for Design Fatigue Life Vessels designed and built to the requirements in this Guide
24、 are intended to have a structural fatigue life of not less than 20 years. Where a vessels design calls for a fatigue life in excess of the minimum design fatigue life of 20 years, the optional class notation FL (year) will be assigned at the request of the applicant. This optional notation is eligi
25、ble provided the excess design fatigue life is verified to be in compliance with the criteria in Appendix 3 of the ABS Guide for Building and Classing Liquefied Gas Carriers with Independent Tanks (LGC Guide). The (year) refers to the fatigue life equal to 25 years or more (in 5-year increments) as
26、specified by the applicant. The fatigue life will be identified in the Record by the notation FL (year) (e.g., FL(30) if the minimum design fatigue life assessed is 30 years). Only one design fatigue life value is published for the entire structural system. Where differing design fatigue life values
27、 are intended for different structural elements within the vessel, the (year) refers to the least of the varying target lives. The “design fatigue life” refers to the target value set by the applicant, not the value calculated in the analysis. 1.5 Application 1.5.1 General In view of the similarity
28、of structural arrangements, this Guide has many cross-references to the general requirements for hull construction in Part 3 of the Steel Vessel Rules, the particular requirements in Part 5C, Chapter 1 and 2 of the Steel Vessel Rules for vessels intended to carry oil in bulk, and the LGC Guide. Thes
29、e cross-references are presented in a simple format throughout the Guide in order to provide quick reference to the users, (i.e., 1-2-3/4.5.6 of the Steel Vessel Rules denotes Part 1, Chapter 2, Section 3, Subparagraph 4.5.6 of the Steel Vessel Rules, and 1/2.3 of the LGC Guide denotes Section 1, Pa
30、ragraph 2.3 of the LGC Guide). 1.5.2 Size and Proportion The requirements contained in this Guide are applicable to asphalt carriers with independent tanks intended for unrestricted service, having lengths of 90 m (295 ft) or more, and having parameters within the ranges as specified in 3-2-1/1 of t
31、he Steel Vessel Rules. ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 1 Section 1 Introduction 1.5.3 SafeHull Construction Monitoring Program For the class notation SH, SHCM, a Construction Monitoring Plan for the critical areas, prepared in accordance with the requ
32、irements of Appendix 5C-A1 of the Steel Vessel Rules, is to be submitted for approval prior to commencement of fabrication. 1.7 Internal Members The requirements in 1/1.7 of the LGC Guide are to be complied with. 1.9 Breaks The requirements in 1/1.9 of the LGC Guide are to be complied with. 1.11 Var
33、iations Asphalt carriers with independent tanks of a special type or design, differing from those described in this Guide, will be specially considered on the basis of equivalent strength. 1.13 Loading Guidance The tanks are to be pre-heated when loading hot cargo in order to minimize the temperatur
34、e discrepancies. In addition, loading guidance is to be as required by 3-2-1/7 of the Steel Vessel Rules. 1.15 Pressure-Vacuum Valve Setting Where pressure-vacuum valves of cargo tanks are set at a pressure in excess of the pressure appropriate to the length of the vessel (see 5C-1-7/11.11.2 of the
35、Steel Vessel Rules), the tank scantlings will be specially considered. Particular attention is to be given to a higher pressure setting of pressure-vacuum valves as may be required for efficient operation of cargo vapor emission control systems, where installed. 1.17 Protection of Structure For the
36、protection of structure, see 3-2-18/5 of the Steel Vessel Rules. 1.19 Tank Design Pressures The requirements of this Guide are for tanks intended for the carriage of liquid cargoes with design specific gravities not greater than 1.05. Where the specific gravity is greater than 1.05, the scantling he
37、ad, h, is to be increased by the ratio of specific gravity to 1.05. See also 5C-1-7/11 of the Steel Vessel Rules with regard to pressure-vacuum valve setting and liquid level control. 1.21 Fire Protection, Fire Detection, and Fire Extinction Asphalt carriers are typically considered tankers with car
38、go having a flashpoint exceeding 60C (140F), closed cup test. The requirements of SOLAS II-2 and Part 4 and 5C of the Steel Vessel Rules are to be complied with (See Regulation 1/6.4 of SOLAS II-2). If asphalt solutions are to be carried above their flashpoint, the fire safety measures are to comply
39、 with the requirements for tankers with cargo having a flashpoint below 60C in SOLAS II-2 and Part 4 and 5C of the Steel Vessel Rules. The grades of bitumen to be carried and the flashpoint temperatures are to be included in the loading manual for guidance to the Master. 3 References The following R
40、ules, Guides, Codes and Standards are referenced in this Guide: ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels (Steel Vessel Rules) ABS Guide for Building and Classing Liquefied Gas Carriers with Independent Tanks (LGC Guide) 2 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT
41、TANKS .2017 Section 2: Ship Arrangement SECTION 2 Ship Arrangement 1 General The ship arrangements are to comply with the requirements in Annex I of MARPOL 1973, as amended with regard to oil fuel tank protection (Regulation 12A), double hull and double bottom requirements (Regulation 19), pump-room
42、 bottom protection (Regulation 22), accidental oil outflow performance (Regulation 23), and slop tanks (Regulation 29). Asphalt carrier of 30,000 tonnes deadweight is also to comply with requirements of segregated ballast tanks (Regulation 18) in Annex I of MARPOL 1973, as amended. As per Regulation
43、 19 of Annex I of MARPOL 1973, as amended, the independent cargo tanks are to be so located that the distance from the molded line of the bottom shell and side shell is to be not less than the limits as required by the aforementioned regulation. 3 Supports of Independent Tanks 3.1 General The suppor
44、ts of independent tanks are to be so designed that the loads from the independent tanks are effectively transmitted to the tank supports, while the independent tanks are allowed to expand in all directions without restraint to reduce thermal stresses in the structures of independent tanks. Generally
45、, the supports of independent tanks are also to be designed to limit transmission of loads relative to global and local hull deflection from the hull structures to the independent tanks as required in 3/9.1. The supports of independent tanks are usually consist of the following: Vertical supports An
46、ti-rolling chocks Anti-pitching chocks Anti-flotation chocks 3.3 Documents to Be Submitted For supports of independent tanks, the following information is to be submitted: The tank supporting arrangement indicating the positions, type, and details of each supports Detailed hull/tank supporting struc
47、tures in way of each supports Evidence (e.g., test reports or certificates) showing mechanical properties of the materials of supports, which are to include at least the compressive strength, shear strength, frictional coefficient and elasticity Test report of interface temperature of hull support s
48、tructures in way of pads and pads with chocking compound 3.5 Materials of Supports Contact surfaces of supports (vertical supports, anti-roll and anti-pitch chocks, etc.) are usually made of synthetic material such as resin, plywood and adhesive. Those materials are to be type approved. ABSGUIDE FOR
49、 BUILDING AND CLASSING ASPHALT CARRIERS WITH INDEPENDENT TANKS .2017 3 Section 2 Ship Arrangement 5 Access to Space in Cargo Area Note: Text in italics comes from the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code). 5.1 General The access to space in cargo area of asphalt carriers with independent tanks is to comply with the requirements specified in 2/5.3 and 2/5.5. Asphalt carriers with independent tanks need not comply with SOLAS Regulation II-1/3-6, which is applicable to oil tankers having integ
