1、 Guide for Building and Classing Subsea Pipeline Systems GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS MAY 2006 (Updated February 2014 see next page) American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2006 American Bureau of Shipping ABS
2、Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Updates February 2014 consolidation includes: March 2008 version plus Corrigenda/Editorials March 2008 consolidation includes: November 2007 version plus Notice No. 2, Corrigenda/Editorials November 2007 consolidation includes: May 2007 version plus
3、 Notice No. 1 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 iii Foreword Foreword Foreword This Guide applies to classification of design, construction and installation of offshore pipelines made of metallic materials, as well as the periodic surveys required for maintenance of cl
4、assification. Serviceability of pipelines is also addressed, but only to the extent that proper functioning of the pipe and its components affects safety. This Guide may also be used for certification or verification of design, construction and installation of pipelines. ABS will certify or verify d
5、esign, construction and installation of offshore pipelines when requested by the Owner or mandated by government regulations to verify compliance with this Guide, a set of specific requirements, national standards or other applicable industry standards. If ABS certification or verification is in acc
6、ordance with this Guide and covers design, construction and installation, then the pipeline is also eligible for ABS classification. This Guide has been written for worldwide application, and as such, the satisfaction of individual requirements may require comprehensive data, analyses and plans to d
7、emonstrate adequacy. This especially applies for pipelines located in frontier areas, such as those characterized by relatively great water depth or areas with little or no previous operating experience. Conversely, many provisions of this Guide often can be satisfied merely on a comparative basis o
8、f local conditions or past successful practices. ABS acknowledges that a wide latitude exists as to the extent and type of documentation which is required for submission to satisfy this Guide. It is not the intention of this Guide to impose requirements or practices in addition to those that have pr
9、eviously proven satisfactory in similar situations. Where available, design requirements in this Guide have been posed in terms of existing methodologies and their attendant safety factors, load factors or permissible stresses that are deemed to provide an adequate level of safety. Primarily, ABSs u
10、se of such methods and limits in this Guide reflects what is considered to be the current state of practice in offshore pipeline design. At the same time, it is acknowledged that methods of design, construction and installation are constantly evolving. In recognition of these facts, the Guide specif
11、ically allows for such innovations and the Appendices are intended to reflect this. The application of this Guide by ABS will not seek to inhibit the use of any technological approach that can be shown to produce an acceptable level of safety. This ABS Guide is effective 1 May 2006 and supersedes th
12、e edition published in May 2005. Changes to Conditions of Classification (1 January 2008) For the 2008 edition, Chapter 1, “Scope and Conditions of Classification” was consolidated into a generic booklet, entitled Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1) for all
13、units, installations, vessels or systems in offshore service. The purpose of this consolidation was to emphasize the common applicability of the classification requirements in “Chapter 1” to ABS-classed offshore units, pipelines, risers, and other offshore structures, and thereby make “Conditions of
14、 Classification” more readily a common Rule of the various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate. Thus, Chapter 1 of this Guide specifies only the unique requirements applicable to subsea pipeline systems. These supplemental requirements are always to be used with the aforementioned Rules for Conditi
15、ons of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1). iv ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 Table of Contents GUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Condi
16、tions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures) 1 Section 1 Applicability 3 Section 2 Classification Symbols and Notations 4 Section 3 Rules for Classification 5 Section 4 Documents to be Submitted 6 Section 5 Survey, Inspection and Testing . 11 Section 6 Definitions 17 See also separately pu
17、blished booklet ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1) CHAPTER 2 Materials and Welding 19 Section 1 Metallic Pipe . 21 Section 2 Piping Components and Pipe Coating . 24 Section 3 Welding of Pipes Piping Components . 28 Section 4 Corrosion Control . 29 CHAPT
18、ER 3 Design . 31 Section 1 Design Requirements and Loads 35 Section 2 Geotechnical Conditions 44 Section 3 Environmental Effects 45 Section 4 Flow Assurance Analysis . 51 Section 5 Strength and Stability Criteria 53 Section 6 Pipeline Rectification and Intervention Design 59 Section 7 Routing, Insta
19、llation and Construction . 65 Section 8 Special Considerations for Pipe-in-Pipe Design 71 Section 9 Special Considerations for Pipeline Bundle Design 72 CHAPTER 4 Testing, Inspection and Maintenance . 75 Section 1 Testing, Drying and Commissioning 77 Section 2 Inspection, Maintenance and Repair . 83
20、 Section 3 Extension of Use 86 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 v APPENDIX 1 Limit State Design Criteria 88 Section 1 Limit State Design Principles . 90 Section 2 Classes for Containment, Location, Material Quality and Safety . 91 Section 3 Limit State for Bursting. 9
21、4 Section 4 Limit State for Local Buckling 95 Section 5 Limit State for Fracture of Girth Weld Crack-like Defects . 98 Section 6 Limit State for Fatigue 100 Section 7 Limit State for Ratcheting/Out-of-roundness . 102 Section 8 Finite Element Analysis of Local Strength . 103 APPENDIX 2 Assessment of
22、Corrosion, Dent and Crack-like Defects 105 Section 1 Corrosion Defect Assessment . 106 Section 2 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure for Dented Pipes 112 APPENDIX 3 Design Recommendations for Subsea LNG Pipelines 115 APPENDIX 4 References by Organization 119 This Page Intentionally Left Blank ABSGU
23、IDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 1 Chapter 1: Scope and Conditions of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures) CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification (Supplement to the ABS Rules for Conditions of
24、 Classification Offshore Units and Structures) CONTENTS SECTION 1 Applicability 3 1 Classification . 3 SECTION 2 Classification Symbols and Notations . 4 1 Pipelines Built under Survey . 4 3 Pipelines not Built under Survey . 4 5 Classification Data 4 SECTION 3 Rules for Classification . 5 1 Applica
25、tion 5 3 Risk Evaluations for Alternative Arrangements and Novel Features 5 SECTION 4 Documents to be Submitted 6 1 General . 6 3 Plans and Specifications . 6 5 Information Memorandum . 6 7 Site-specific Conditions . 7 9 Material Specifications 7 11 Design Data and Calculations 7 11.1 Structural Str
26、ength and On-bottom Stability Analysis 8 11.3 Installation Analysis . 8 11.5 Safety Devices 8 13 Installation Manual 8 15 Pressure Test Report 9 17 Operations Manual 9 19 Maintenance Manual . 10 21 As-built Documents . 10 SECTION 5 Survey, Inspection and Testing 11 1 General . 11 1.1 Scope 11 1.3 Qu
27、ality Control and Assurance Program . 11 1.5 Access and Notification . 12 1.7 Identification of Materials . 12 2 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 3 Inspection and Testing in Fabrication Phase 12 3.1 Material Quality 12 3.3 Manufacturing Procedure Specification and Qua
28、lification 12 3.5 Welder Qualification and Records . 12 3.7 Pre-Welding Inspection 12 3.9 Welding Procedure Specifications and Qualifications 13 3.11 Weld Inspection . 13 3.13 Tolerances and Alignments . 13 3.15 Corrosion Control Systems 13 3.17 Concrete Weight Coatings . 14 3.19 Nondestructive Test
29、ing 14 3.21 Fabrication Records . 14 5 Inspection and Testing during Installation 15 5.1 Specifications and Drawings for Installation 15 5.3 Installation Manual . 15 5.5 Inspection and Survey During Pipe Laying 15 5.7 Final Inspection and Pressure Testing . 15 5.9 Inspection for Special Cases . 15 5
30、.11 Notification . 15 7 In-service Inspection and Survey 15 9 Inspection for Extension of Use 16 SECTION 6 Definitions . 17 1 Classification . 17 3 Constructor or Contractor . 17 5 Extension of Use . 17 7 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure 17 9 Offshore 17 11 Operator 17 13 Owner 17 15 Pipeline .
31、17 17 Pipeline System 17 19 Recurrence Period or Return Period 18 ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 3 Section 1: Applicability CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification SECTION 1 Applicability (1 January 2008) The intention of this Guide is to serve as technical
32、 documentation for design, fabrication, installation and maintenance of offshore production, transfer and export pipelines made of metallic materials. The principal objectives are to specify the minimum requirements for classing, continuance of classing, certification and verification by ABS. In add
33、ition to the requirements of this Guide, the design of a marine system requires consideration of all relevant factors related to its functional requirements and long term integrity, such as: Compliance with local Laws, Acts and Regulations Functional requirements Physical site information Operationa
34、l requirements 1 Classification (1 January 2008) The requirements for conditions of classification are contained in the separate, generic ABS Rules for Conditions of Classification Offshore Units and Structures (Part 1). Additional requirements specific to subsea pipeline systems are contained in th
35、e following Sections. 4 ABSGUIDE FOR SURVEYS USING RISK-BASED INSPECTION FOR THE OFFSHORE INDUSTRY .2003 Section 2: Classification Symbols and Notations CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification SECTION 2 Classification Symbols and Notations (1 January 2008) A listing of Classification Symbol
36、s and Notations available to the Owners of vessels, offshore drilling and production units and other marine structures and systems, “List of ABS Notations and Symbols” is available from the ABS website “http:/www.eagle.org/absdownloads/index.cfm”. The following notations are specific to subsea pipel
37、ine systems. 1 Pipelines Built under Survey Pipelines which have been built, installed, tested and commissioned to the satisfaction of the ABS Surveyors to the full requirements of this Guide or to its equivalent, where approved by the Committee, will be classed and distinguished in the Record by: n
38、ull A1 Offshore Installation Offshore Pipelines 3 Pipelines not Built under Survey Pipelines which have not been built, installed, tested and commissioned under ABS survey, but which are submitted for classification, will be subjected to a special classification survey. Where found satisfactory, and
39、 thereafter approved by the Committee, they will be classed and distinguished in the Record in the manner as described in 1-2/1, but the mark null signifying survey during construction will be omitted. 5 Classification Data Data on the pipeline will be published in the Record as to the latitude and
40、longitude of its location, type, dimensions and depth of water at the site. ABSGUIDE FOR BUILDING AND CLASSING SUBSEA PIPELINE SYSTEMS .2006 5 Section 3: Rules for Classification CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification SECTION 3 Rules for Classification (1 January 2008) 1 Application These
41、requirements are applicable to those features that are permanent in nature and can be verified by plan review, calculation, physical survey or other appropriate means. Any statement in the Guide regarding other features is to be considered as guidance to the designer, builder, Owner, et al. 3 Risk E
42、valuations for Alternative Arrangements and Novel Features Risk assessment techniques may be used to demonstrate that alternatives and novel features provide acceptable levels of safety in line with current offshore and marine industry practice. The ABS Guide for Risk Evaluations for the Classificat
43、ion of Marine-Related Facilities provides guidance on how to prepare a risk evaluation to demonstrate equivalency or acceptability for a proposed design. Risk evaluations for the justification of alternative arrangements or novel features may be applicable either to the installation as a whole, or t
44、o individual systems, subsystems or components. ABS will consider the application of risk evaluations for alternative arrangements and novel features for subsea pipeline systems. Portions of the subsea pipeline system or any of its components thereof not explicitly included in the risk evaluation su
45、bmitted to ABS are to comply with any applicable part of the ABS Rules and Guides. If any proposed alternative arrangement or novel feature affects any applicable requirements of Flag and Coastal State, it is the responsibility of the Owner to discuss with the applicable authorities the acceptance o
46、f alternatives based on risk evaluations. For new or novel concepts, i.e. applications or processes that have no previous experience in the environment being proposed, the guidance encompassed in the class Rules may not be directly applicable to them. The ABS Guidance Notes on Review and Approval of
47、 Novel Concepts offer ABS clients a methodology for requesting classification of a novel concept. The process described in this guidance document draws upon engineering, testing and risk assessments in order to determine if the concept provides acceptable levels of safety in line with current indust
48、ry practices. 6 ABSGUIDE FOR SURVEYS USING RISK-BASED INSPECTION FOR THE OFFSHORE INDUSTRY .2003 Section 4: Documents to be Submitted CHAPTER 1 Scope and Conditions of Classification SECTION 4 Documents to be Submitted 1 General For classing pipelines according to this Guide, the documentation submi
49、tted to ABS is to include reports, calculations, drawings and other documentation necessary to demonstrate the adequacy of the design of the pipelines. Specifically, required documentation is to include the items listed in this Chapter. 3 Plans and Specifications Plans and specifications depicting or describing the arrangements and details of the major items of pipelines are to be submitted for review or approval in a timely manner. These include: Site plan indicating bathymetric features along the proposed route, the location of obstructions to be remo
