1、Reported by Joint ACI / TMS Committee 216Code Requirements forDetermining Fire Resistanceof Concrete and MasonryConstruction AssembliesAn ACI / TMS StandardACI 216.1M-07 / TMS-216-07ISBN 978-0-87031-304-2The technical committees responsible for ACI standards and committee reports strive to avoid amb
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13、document.American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DrFarmington Hills MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: (248) 848-3700Fax: (248) 848-3701www.concrete.orgAmerican Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledgeACI 216.1M-07 supersedes ACI 216.1-97, was adopted March 6, 2007, and publishedSeptember 2008.Copyrig
14、ht 2007, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproductionor for use
15、in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writingis obtained from the copyright proprietors.216.1M-1Code Requirements for Determining Fire Resistance of Concrete and Masonry Construction AssembliesAn ACI/TMS StandardReported by Joint ACI-TMS Committee 216ACI 216.1M-07TMS-2
16、16-07FOREWORDFire resistance of building elements is an important consideration inbuilding design. While structural design considerations for concrete andmasonry at ambient temperature conditions are addressed by ACI 318Mand ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402, respectively, these codes do not considerthe impact
17、 of fire on concrete and masonry construction. This standardcontains design and analytical procedures for determining the fire resistanceof concrete and masonry members and building assemblies. Wheredifferences occur in specific design requirements between this standardand the aforementioned codes,
18、as in the case of cover protection of steelreinforcement, the more stringent of the requirements shall apply.Keywords: beams (supports); columns (supports); compressive strength;concrete slabs, fire endurance; fire ratings; fire resistance; fire tests;masonry walls; modulus of elasticity; prestresse
19、d concrete; prestressingsteels; reinforced concrete; reinforcing steel; structural design; temperaturedistribution; thermal properties; walls.CONTENTSChapter 1General, p. 216.1M-21.1Scope1.2Alternative methods1.3Definitions1.4Notation1.5Fire resistance determinationsChapter 2Concrete, p. 216.1M-42.1
20、General2.2Concrete walls, floors, and roofs2.3Concrete cover protection of steel reinforcement2.4Analytical methods for calculating structural fireresistance and cover protection of concrete flexuralmembers2.5Reinforced concrete columns2.6Structural steel columns protected by concreteChapter 3Concre
21、te masonry, p. 216.1M-173.1General3.2Equivalent thickness3.3Concrete masonry wall assemblies3.4Reinforced concrete masonry columns3.5Concrete masonry lintels3.6Structural steel columns protected by concretemasonryChapter 4Clay brick and tile masonry, p. 216.1M-204.1General4.2Equivalent thickness4.3C
22、lay brick and tile masonry wall assemblies4.4Reinforced clay masonry columns4.5Reinforced clay masonry lintels4.6Expansion or contraction joints4.7Structural steel columns protected by clay masonryGene C. Abbate*Jeffrey H. Greenwald Phillip J. Iverson John P. RiesCharles B. Clark, Jr. Thomas F. Herr
23、ell Tung D. Lin Thomas J. RoweDonald O. Dusenberry Thomas A. Holm Richard J. McGrath Jay G. SanjayanWilliam L. Gamble James P. Hurst John D. Perry Jeffery F. SpeckRichard G. Gewain*Robert Iding Stephen Pessiki Robert E. Van LaninghamDennis W. Graber Joel R. Irvine Walter J. Prebis*Deceased.Long T. P
24、hanChairVenkatesh K. R. KodurSecretary216.1M-2 ACI/TMS STANDARDChapter 5Effects of finish materials on fire resistance, p. 216.1M-215.1General5.2Calculation procedure5.3Installation of finishesChapter 6References, p. 216.1M-226.1Referenced standardsAPPENDIXESAppendix A Minimum cover for steel column
25、s encased in concrete, p. 216.1M-24Appendix BFire resistance of concrete-masonry-protected steel columns, p. 216.1M-26Appendix CFire resistance of clay-masonry-protected steel columns, p. 216.1M-28CHAPTER 1GENERAL1.1ScopeThis standard describes acceptable methods for determiningthe fire resistance o
26、f concrete building and masonry buildingassemblies and structural elements, including walls, floorand roof slabs, beams, columns, lintels, and masonry fireprotection for structural steel columns. These methods shallbe used for design and analysis purposes and shall be basedon the fire exposure and a
27、pplicable end-point criteria ofASTM E 119. This standard does not apply to compositemetal deck floor or roof assemblies.The primary intended use of this document is for determiningthe design requirements for concrete and masonry elementsto resist fire and provide fire protection. Tolerance complianc
28、eto the provisions for concrete shall be based on informationprovided in ACI 117. Consideration for compliance to theprovisions for masonry shall be based on the informationprovided in ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602.1.2Alternative methodsMethods other than those presented in this standard shallbe permitte
29、d for use in assessing the fire resistance ofconcrete and masonry building assemblies and structuralelements if the methods are based on the fire exposure andapplicable end-point criteria specified in ASTM E 119.Computer models, when used, shall be validated and supportedby published material to sub
30、stantiate their accuracy.1.3DefinitionsThe following definitions apply for this standard:approvedapproved by the building official responsiblefor enforcing the legally adopted building code of which thisstandard is a part, or approved by some other authorityhaving jurisdiction.bar, high-strength all
31、oy steelsteel bars conforming tothe requirements of ASTM A 722/A 722M.barrier elementa building member that performs as abarrier to the spread of fire (for example, walls, floors, androofs).beama structural member subjected primarily toflexure, but also to axial loads.blanket, ceramic fibermineral w
32、ool insulating materialmade of alumina-silica fibers and having a density of 60to 130 kg/m3.board, mineralmineral fiber insulation boardcomplying with ASTM C 726.building codea legal document that establishes theminimum requirements necessary for building design andconstruction to provide for public
33、 health and safety.concrete, carbonate aggregateconcrete made withcoarse aggregate consisting mainly of calcium carbonate ora combination of calcium and magnesium carbonate (forexample, limestone or dolomite).concrete, cellulara low-density product consisting ofportland-cement, cement-silica, cement
34、-pozzolan, lime-pozzolan, lime silica pastes, or pastes containing a blend ofthese ingredients and having a homogeneous void or cellstructure, attained with gas-forming chemicals or foamingagents. (For cellular concretes containing binder ingredientsother than, or in addition to, portland cement, au
35、toclavecuring is usually employed.)concrete, lightweight-aggregateconcrete made withaggregates conforming to ASTM C 330 or C 331.concrete, normalweightconcrete made with aggregatesconforming to ASTM C 33.concrete, perlitenonstructural lightweight insulatingconcrete having a density of approximately
36、480 kg/m3, madeby mixing perlite aggregate complying with ASTM C 332with portland cement slurry.concrete, plainstructural concrete with no reinforcementor less reinforcement than the minimum amount specified inACI 318M for reinforced concrete.concrete, reinforcedstructural concrete reinforced withno
37、 less than the minimum amount of prestressing tendons ornonprestressed reinforcement as specified by ACI 318M.concrete, semi-lightweightConcrete made with a combi-nation of lightweight aggregates (expanded clay, shale, slag,or slate, or sintered fly ash) and normalweight aggregates,having an equilib
38、rium density of 1680 to 1920 k/m3inaccordance with ASTM C 567.concrete, siliceous aggregatenormalweight concretehaving constituents composed mainly of silica or silicates.concrete, structuralall concrete used for structuralpurposes, including plain and reinforced concrete.concrete, vermiculiteconcre
39、te in which the aggregateconsists of exfoliated vermiculite.end-point criteriaconditions of acceptance for anASTM E 119 fire test.end-point, heat transmissionAn acceptance criterionof ASTM E 119 limiting the temperature rise of the unexposedsurface to an average of 121 C for all measuring points or
40、amaximum of 160 C at any one point.end-point, integrityan acceptance criterion of ASTM E119 prohibiting the passage of flame or gases hot enough toignite cotton waste before the end of the desired fire-endurance period. The term also applies to the hose-streamtest of a fire-exposed wall.DETERMINING
41、FIRE RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE AND MASONRY CONSTRUCTION ASSEMBLIES 216.1M-3end-point, steel temperaturean acceptance criterion ofASTM E 119 defining the limiting steel temperatures forunrestrained assembly classifications.end-point, structuralASTM E 119 criteria that specifythe conditions of acceptance
42、 for structural performance of atested assembly.endurance, firea measure of the elapsed time duringwhich a material or assembly continues to exhibit fireresistance. As applied to elements of buildings with respectto this standard, it shall be measured by the methods andcriteria contained in ASTM E 1
43、19.fiberboard, glassfibrous glass insulation boardcomplying with ASTM C 612.fiber, sprayed minerala blend of refined mineral fibersand inorganic binders.fire resistancethe property of a material or assembly towithstand fire or provide protection from it. As applied toelements of buildings, it is cha
44、racterized by the ability toconfine a fire or, when exposed to fire, to continue toperform a given structural function, or both.fire-resistance rating (sometimes called fire rating, fire-resistance classification, or hourly rating)a legal termdefined in building codes, usually based on fire enduranc
45、e;fire-resistance ratings are assigned by building codes forvarious types of construction and occupancies, and areusually given in half-hour or hourly increments.fire testsee standard fire test.joista comparatively narrow beam, used in closelyspaced arrangements to support floor or roof slabs (thatr
46、equire no reinforcement except that required for temperatureand shrinkage stresses); also a horizontal structural membersuch as that which supports deck form sheathing.masonry, plainmasonry in which the tensile resistanceof masonry is taken into consideration and the resistance ofthe reinforcing ste
47、el, if present, is neglected.masonry, reinforceda material in which the masonrytensile strength is neglected and the effects of stress inembedded reinforcement are included in the design.masonry unit, claysolid or hollow unit (brick or tile)composed of clay, shale, or similar naturally occurringeart
48、hen substances shaped into prismatic units and subjectedto heat treatment at elevated temperature (firing), meetingrequirements of ASTM C 34, C 56, C 62, C 126, C 212, C216, C 652, or C 1088.masonry unit, concretehollow or solid unit (block)made from cementitious materials, water, and aggregates,wit
49、h or without the inclusion of other materials, meeting therequirements of ASTM C 55, C 73, C 90, C 129, or C 744.mastic, intumescentspray-applied coating that reacts toheat at approximately 150 C by foaming to a multicellularstructure having 10 to 15 times its initial thickness.material, cementitiouscements and pozzolans used inconcrete and masonry construction.material, vermiculite cementitiouscementitious materialcontaining mill-mixed vermiculite to which water is added toform a mixture suitable for sprayin
