1、ACI ITG-7-09Specification for Tolerancesfor Precast ConcreteAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Innovation Task Group 7American Concrete InstituteAdvancing concrete knowledgeSpecification for Tolerances for Precast ConcreteFirst printingNovember 2009ISBN 978-0-87031-350-9Copyright by the American Concret
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10、ndards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331U.S.A.Phone: 248-848-3700Fax: 248-848-3701www.concrete.orgACI ITG-7-09 was adopted August 13, 2009 and publishe
11、d November 2009.Copyright 2009, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual
12、reproduc-tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission inwriting is obtained from the copyright proprietors.ITG-7-1Specification for Tolerances for Precast ConcreteAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Innovation Task Group 7ACI ITG-7-09This Reference Specification provi
13、des standard tolerances for precastconcrete construction. It covers dimensional tolerances for precastconcrete members used in building construction, and it covers erectiontolerances for these members. This document is intended to be adopted byreference in Contract Documents. The Specifier supplemen
14、ts the provi-sions of this Reference Specification as needed by specifying project-specific requirements in Contract Documents.Keywords: alignment; construction; erection tolerances; precast concrete;prestressed concrete; product tolerances; reinforcement; specification.CONTENTS(mandatory portion fo
15、llows)Section 1General requirements, p. ITG-7-21.1Scope1.2Requirements1.3Definitions1.4Referenced standardsSection 2Structural product tolerances,p. ITG-7-52.1Scope2.2TolerancesSection 3Structural product erection tolerances, p. ITG-7-203.1Scope3.2TolerancesSection 4Nonstructural architectural produ
16、ct tolerances, p. ITG-7-284.1Scope4.2TolerancesSection 5Nonstructural architectural product erection tolerances, p. ITG-7-345.1Scope5.2Tolerances(nonmandatory portion follows)Notes to Specifier, p. ITG-7-36General notesForeword to checklists, p. ITG-7-36Mandatory Requirements Checklist, p. ITG-7-36O
17、ptional Requirements Checklist, p. ITG-7-36Nicholas J. Carino David N. PetersonW. Calvin McCall Harry A. GleichNed M. Cleland Eldon G. TippingCharles S. HanskatChairITG-7-2 ACI STANDARD(mandatory portion follows)SECTION 1GENERAL REQUIREMENTS1.1Scope1.1.1 Work specifiedThis Specification designatesst
18、andard tolerances for structural and architectural precastconcrete members. Tolerances are provided for individualmembers and their erection. The indicated tolerances governunless otherwise specified.1.1.2 Work not specifiedInterface tolerances betweenprecast concrete members and cast-in-place concr
19、eteconstruction are specified in ACI 117.1.1.3 UnitsValues in this specification are stated ininch-pound units. A companion specification in SI units isalso available.1.2Requirements1.2.1 Accumulation of tolerancesTolerances are notcumulative. Accumulations of individual tolerances on a singleitem s
20、hall not be used to increase an established tolerance.Individual tolerances are unique to their specific applicationand shall not be combined with other tolerances to form atolerance envelope. The most restrictive tolerance controls.1.2.2 Sign definitionPlus (+) tolerance increases thedimension or e
21、levation to which it applies. Minus () tolerancedecreases the dimension or elevation to which it applies.1.2.3 Exceeding tolerancesIf the product and erectiontolerances in this document are exceeded, the member or themodified assembly shall be accepted if the followingconditions are met:(a) The Lice
22、nsed Design Professional determines thatthe structural requirements have been satisfied.(b) The Owner or Architect accepts the appearance ofexposed surfaces.1.3DefinitionsArchitect/Engineerthe architect, engineer, architecturalfirm, or engineering firm developing Contract Documents oradministering t
23、he Work under Contract Documents, or both.bearing width overhangdistance from the side ofprecast concrete member to side of bearing media, that is,pad or shim, measured perpendicular to the direction of thespan, as shown in Fig. 1.1.blockoutopening through the member for conduit,piping, ductwork, co
24、nnections, or structural framing.bowingthe deviation of the edge or surface of a planarwall member, in the out-of-plane direction, from a linepassing through any two corners of the member, as shown inFig. 1.2.camberdeviation of the bottom of the member from aline between the bottom ends of that memb
25、er due to theeffects of the prestress force.Contract Documentsa set of documents supplied byOwner to Contractor as the basis for construction; thesedocuments contain contract forms, contract conditions,specifications, drawings, addenda, and contract changes.control surface, primarythe member surface
26、 deemedto be critical to the fit and function of interfacing membersor to the appearance of the completed project.coverthe least distance between the surface ofembedded reinforcement and the surface of the concrete.deviationdistance from an established reference point,line, or surface measured perpe
27、ndicular to the line or surfaceof the member.deviation from planedistance between a point on areference plane and the corresponding point on the actualsurface of the member.deviation, horizontaldistance from an establishedpoint, line, or surface measured perpendicular to a verticalline through the p
28、oint of interest.deviation, verticaldistance from an established point,line, or surface measured perpendicular to a horizontal linethrough the point of interest.Fig. 1.1Length over support and bearing width overhang.SPECIFICATION FOR TOLERANCES FOR PRECAST CONCRETE ITG-7-3embedmentitem embedded in t
29、he concrete to transmitapplied loads to the structure.exposedintended by the Contract Documents to bevisible during normal occupancy.flushnessdeviation of the embedment surface fromthe surrounding adjacent concrete surface, as shown inFig. 1.3.insertan embedment that uses a threaded device or strapa
30、nchor to connect the member to the surrounding structure orother work.length over supportlength of precast member over thesupport measured in the direction of the span, as shown in Fig. 1.1.Licensed Design Professionalan individual who islicensed to practice structural design as defined by theFig. 1
31、.2Panel bowing.Fig. 1.3Tipping and flushness.ITG-7-4 ACI STANDARDstatutory requirements of the professional licensing lawsof the state or jurisdiction in which the project is to beconstructed and who is in responsible charge of the structuraldesign.opening, finishedan opening through a member thatwi
32、ll be visible and requires additional finishing to the as-castconcrete surfaces and edges.opening, roughopening through a member that acceptsa frame for a window, door, louver, hatch, or similar device.Ownerthe corporation, association, partnership,individual, public body, or authority for whom the
33、Work isconstructed.pretoppeda manufactured precast concrete memberthat does not require a field-placed concrete topping.Project Drawingsgraphic presentation of projectrequirements.product, nonstructural architecturalprecast concretemember that is visually exposed in the finished Work; doesnot suppor
34、t any horizontal structural members; and is notpart of the lateral force-resisting system.product, structuralprecast concrete member that ispart of the structural framing system and is designed to resistimposed loads in addition to self-weight.roughnessthe variation in the deviation of an exposedsur
35、face from a local reference plane, as shown in Fig. 1.4.setbackdistance from edge of support to the bearingmedia, that is, pad or shim, as shown in Fig. 1.1.spandrelprecast concrete members that are less than astory in height, have a height to web thickness ratio of 3 orgreater, and span horizontall
36、y between supports.spanning membera horizontal member supported at ornear the ends.specifiedrequired by the Contract Documents.sweepdeviation of a longitudinal edge, of a horizontalor vertical member, from a line through the ends of that edge.tippingthe deviation from plane of one or both edges ofan
37、 embedment, as shown in Fig. 1.3.tolerancethe permitted deviation from a specifieddimension, location, line, or plane.unarmored edgethe corner, in section view, of aconcrete support member unprotected by a steel embedment.warpingdeviation of a planar surface due to displace-ment of one corner in rel
38、ation to any two adjacent corners, asshown in Fig. 1.5.Workthe entire construction or separately identifiableparts thereof required to be furnished under ContractDocuments.wythethe concrete layer of an insulated wall panel,between a panel face and the nearest surface of the sandwichedinsulation, mea
39、sured perpendicular to the face of the panel.1.4Referenced standardsStandards of ACI referred to in this Specification are listedwith serial designation including year of adoption or revision.American Concrete Institute117-06 Specifications for Tolerances for ConcreteConstruction and Materials and C
40、ommentaryThis publication may be obtained from this organization:American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331www.concrete.orgFig. 1.4Roughness.Fig. 1.5Panel warping.SPECIFICATION FOR TOLERANCES FOR PRECAST CONCRETE ITG-7-5SECTION 2STRUCTURAL PRODUCT TOLERANCES2.1Scop
41、eThis section provides tolerances for precast structural products specified in the Contract Documents.2.2TolerancesUnless otherwise specified, structural products shall comply with tolerances listed in Table 2.1. The filled circles in Table 2.1indicate which tolerances are applicable to each product
42、 type. Each tolerance category is assigned a number in Table 2.1, andthose numbers are used in Fig. 2.1 through 2.12 to illustrate the different categories of tolerances.Table 2.1Product tolerances for structural members (cont.)Product tolerance Product typeSingle tee (Fig. 2.1)Double tee (Fig. 2.2)
43、HC slab (Fig. 2.3)Joist (Fig. 2.4)Beam and spandrel (Fig. 2.5)Column (Fig. 2.6)Ribbed wall panel (Fig. 2.7)Flat wall panel (Fig. 2.8) HC wall panel (Fig. 2.9)Step unit (Fig. 2.10)Stadium riser (Fig. 2.11)Room module (Fig. 2.12)1. Deviation from specified length3/8 in. 1/2 in. 3/4 in. 1 in. a. Balcon
44、y extension1/4 in. 2. Deviation from specified width1/4 in. 3/8 in. 1/4 in. (single module) 1/2 in. (double module) a. Closure panel between units+0 in., 1/2 in. 3. Deviation from specified ledge width1/4 in. 4. Deviation from specified tread width1/8 in. 1/4 in. 5. Deviation from specified depth1/4
45、 in. 6. Deviation from specified ledge depth1/4 in. 7. Deviation from specified riser depth1/8 in. 3/16 in. 8. Deviation from specified flange thickness*+1/4 in., 1/8 in. 1/4 in. Not less than 85% of the specified flange thickness9. Deviation from specified wythe thickness3/8 in. 10. Deviation from
46、specified web thickness*1/8 in. 1/4 in.Not less than 85% of the specified web thickness 11. Deviation from specified wall thickness+1/4 in., 0 in. ITG-7-6 ACI STANDARDProduct tolerance Product typeSingle tee (Fig. 2.1)Double tee (Fig. 2.2)HC slab (Fig. 2.3)Joist (Fig. 2.4)Beam and spandrel (Fig. 2.5
47、)Column (Fig. 2.6)Ribbed wall panel (Fig. 2.7)Flat wall panel (Fig. 2.8) HC wall panel (Fig. 2.9)Step unit (Fig. 2.10)Stadium riser (Fig. 2.11)Room module (Fig. 2.12)12. Deviation from specified slab thickness1/4 in. 13. Deviation from specified distance between stems1/8 in. 1/4 in. 14. Deviation fr
48、om specified distance between centerline of stem and edge of flange1/8 in. 1/4 in. 15. Deviation from specified squareness or skew across the width of an end1/8 in. per ft, 1/4 in. maximum 1/8 in. per ft, 3/8 in. maximum 1/8 in. per ft, 1/2 in. maximum 1/4 in. per ft, 1/2 in. maximum 1/4 in. 1/2 in.
49、 16. Deviation from specified squareness or skew across the thickness or depth or height of an end1/8 in. 1/8 in. per ft 1/8 in. per ft, 1/4 in. maximum 1/8 in. per ft, 3/8 in. maximum 1/8 in. per ft, 1/2 in. maximum 1/4 in. per ft, 1/2 in. maximum 1/2 in. a. Depth 24 in.1/4 in. b. Depth 24 in.1/8 in. per ft, 1/2 in. maximum 17. Deviation from specified location of a haunch, corbel, or ledge bearing surface a. From end of member1/4 in.
