1、An ACI Handbook The Reinforced Concrete Design HandbookA Companion to ACI 318-14Volume 1: Member DesignSP-17(14) ACI SP-17(14)THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOKA Companion to ACI 318-14VOLUME 1BUILDING EXAMPLESTRUCTURAL SYSTEMSSTRUCTURAL ANALYSISDURABILITYONE-WAY SLABSTWO-WAY SLABSBEAMSDIAPHRAG
2、MSCOLUMNSSTRUCTURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLSFOUNDATIONSVOLUME 2RETAINING WALLSSERVICEABILITYSTRUT-AND-TIE MODELANCHORING TO CONCRETEACI SP-17(14) Volume 1THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOKA Companion to ACI 318-14Editors:Andrew TaylorTrey Hamilton IIIAntonio NanniFirst PrintingSeptember 2015IS
3、BN: 978-1-942727-37-8Errata as of September 2, 2016THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOK Volume 1 Ninth EditionCopyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, elect
4、ronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities, omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasiona
5、lly find information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may be incomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents are requested to contact ACI via the errata website at http:/concrete.org/Publications/DocumentErrata.aspx. Prop
6、er use of this document includes periodically checking for errata for the most up-to-date revisions.ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for
7、 the application of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk and accept total responsibility for the application and use of this information.All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implie
8、d, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement.ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost r
9、evenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of this publication.It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate to the specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard to health and s
10、afety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of all regulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) h
11、ealth and safety standards.Participation by governmental representatives in the work of the American Concrete Institute and in the development of Institute standards does not constitute governmental endorsement of ACI or the standards that it develops.Order information: ACI documents are available i
12、n print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronic subscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI. Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual of Concrete Practice (MCP).American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmingt
13、on Hills, MI 48331 USA+1.248.848.3700Managing Editor: Khaled NahlawiStaff Engineers: Daniel W. Falconer, Matthew R. Senecal, Gregory M. Zeisler, and Jerzy Z. ZemajtisTechnical Editors: Shannon B. Banchero, Emily H. Bush, and Cherrie L. FergussonManager, Publishing Services: Barry BerginLead Producti
14、on Editor: Carl BischofProduction Editors: Kelli Slayden, Kaitlyn Hinman, Tiesha ElamGraphic Designers: Ryan Jay, Aimee KahaianManufacturing: Marie Fullerwww.concrete.orgDEDICATIONThis edition of The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook, SP-17(14), is dedicated to the memory of Daniel W. Falconer and
15、 his many contributions to the concrete industry. He was Managing Director of Engineering for the American Concrete Institute from 1998 until his death in July 2015.Dan was instrumental in the reorganization of Building Code Requirements for Struc-tural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R
16、-14) as he served as ACI staff liaison to ACI Committee 318, Structural Concrete Building Code; and ACI Subcommittee 318-SC, Steering Committee. His vision was to simplify the use of the Code for prac-titioners and to illustrate the benefits of the reorganization with this major revision of SP-17. H
17、is oversight and review comments were instrumental in the development of this Handbook. An ACI member since 1982, Dan served on ACI Committees 344, Circular Prestressed Concrete Structures, and 373, Circular Concrete Structures Prestressed with Circumferen-tial Tendons. He was also a member of the A
18、merican Society of Civil Engineers. Prior to joining ACI, Dan held several engineering and marketing positions with VSL Corp. Before that, he was Project Engineer for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill in Washington, DC. He received his BS in civil engineering from the University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
19、and his MS in civil and structural engineering from Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA. He was a licensed professional engineer in several states. In his personal life, Dan was an avid golfer, enjoying outings with his three brothers whenever possible. He was also an active member of Our Savior Luther
20、an Church in Hartland, MI, and a dedicated supporter and follower of the Michigan State Spar-tans basketball and football programs. Above all, Dan was known as a devoted family man dedicated to his wife of 33 years, Barbara, his children Mark, Elizabeth, Kathryn, and Jonathan, and two grandsons Samu
21、el and Jacob. In his memory, the ACI Foundation has established an educational memorial. For more information visit http:/www.schol-arshipcouncil.org/Student-Awards. Dan will be sorely missed for many years to come.FOREWORDThe Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook provides assistance to professionals
22、engaged in the design of reinforced concrete buildings and related structures. This edition is a major revision that brings it up-to-date with the approach and provisions of Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14). The layout and look of the Handbook have also been updated.Th
23、e Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook now provides dozens of design examples of various reinforced concrete members, such as one- and two-way slabs, beams, columns, walls, diaphragms, footings, and retaining walls. For consistency, many of the numerical examples are based on a fictitious seven-story
24、 reinforced concrete building. There are also many additional design examples not related to the design of the members in the seven story building that illustrate various ACI 318-14 requirements. Each example starts with a problem statement, then provides a design solution in a three column formatco
25、de provision reference, short discussion, and design calculations followed by a drawing of reinforcing details, and finally a conclusion elaborating on a certain condition or comparing results of similar problem solutions.In addition to examples, almost all chapters in the Reinforced Concrete Design
26、 Handbook contain a general discussion of the related ACI 318-14 chapter. All chapters were developed by ACI staff engineers under the auspices of the ACI Technical Activities Committee (TAC). To provide immediate oversight and guidance for this project, TAC appointed three content editors: Andrew T
27、aylor, Trey Hamilton III, and Antonio Nanni. Their reviews and suggestions improved this publication and are appreciated. TAC also appreciates the support of Dirk Bondy and Kenneth Bondy who provided free software to analyze and design the post-tensioned beam example, in addition to valuable comment
28、s and suggestions. Thanks also go to JoAnn Browning, David DeValve, Anindya Dutta, Charles Dolan, Matthew Huslig, Ronald Klemencic, James Lai, Steven McCabe, Mike Mota, Hani Nassif, Jose Pincheira, David Rogowski, and Siamak Sattar, who reviewed one or more of the chapters.Special thanks go to Struc
29、turePoint and Computers and Structures, Inc. (SAP 2000 and Etabs) for providing a free copy of their software to perform analyses of structure and members.Special thanks also go to Stuart Nielsen, who provided the cover art using SketchUp.The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook is published in two v
30、olumes: Chapters 1 through 11 are published in Volume 1 and Chapters 12 through 15 are published in Volume 2. Design aids and a moment interaction diagram Excel spreadsheet are available for free download from the following ACI webpage links:https:/www.concrete.org/store/productdetail.aspx?ItemID=SP
31、1714DAEhttps:/www.concrete.org/store/productdetail.aspx?ItemID=SP1714DAKeywords: anchoring to concrete; beams; columns; cracking; deflection; diaphragm; durability; flexural strength; footings; frames; piles; pile caps; post-tensioning; punching shear; retaining wall; shear strength; seismic; slabs;
32、 splicing; stiffness; structural analysis; structural systems; strut-and-tie; walls.Khaled NahlawiManaging EditorVOLUME 1: CONTENTSCHAPTER 1BUILDING EXAMPLE1.1Introduction, p. 91.2Building plans and elevation, p. 91.3Loads, p. 121.4Material properties, p. 12CHAPTER 2STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS2.1Introduction
33、, p. 132.2Materials, p. 132.3Design loads, p. 132.4Structural systems, p. 142.5Floor subassemblies, p. 202.6 Foundation design considerations for lateral forces, p. 222.7Structural analysis, p. 232.8Durability, p. 232.9Sustainability, p. 232.10Structural integrity, p. 232.11Fire resistance, p. 232.1
34、2Post-tensioned/prestressed construction, p. 232.13 Quality assurance, construction, and inspection, p. 23CHAPTER 3STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS3.1Introduction, p. 253.2Overview of structural analysis, p. 253.3Hand calculations, p. 263.4Computer programs, p. 263.5Structural analysis in ACI 318, p. 273.6Seismi
35、c analysis, p. 29CHAPTER 4DURABILITY4.1Introduction, p. 314.2Background, p. 334.3 Requirements for concrete in various exposure categories, p. 334.4 Concrete evaluation, acceptance, and inspection, p. 354.5Examples, p. 35CHAPTER 5ONE-WAY SLABS5.1Introduction, p. 395.2Analysis, p. 395.3Service limits
36、, p. 395.4Required strength, p. 405.5Design strength, p. 405.6Flexure reinforcement detailing, p. 405.7Examples, p. 42CHAPTER 6TWO-WAY SLABS6.1Introduction, p. 816.2Analysis, p. 816.3Service limits, p. 816.4Shear strength, p. 826.5Calculation of required shear strength, p. 836.6Calculation of shear
37、reinforcement, p. 846.7Flexural strength, p. 846.8Shear reinforcement detailing, p. 846.9Flexure reinforcement detailing, p. 856.10Examples, p. 88CHAPTER 7BEAMS7.1Introduction, p. 1337.2Service limits, p. 1337.3Analysis, p. 1347.4Design strength, p. 1347.5Temperature and shrinkage reinforcement, p.
38、1407.6Detailing, p. 1407.7Examples, p. 143CHAPTER 8DIAPHRAGMS8.1Introduction, p. 2818.2Material, p. 2818.3Service limits, p. 2818.4Analysis, p. 2818.5Design strength, p. 2838.6Reinforcement detailing, p. 2848.7Summary steps, p. 2868.8Examples, p. 289CHAPTER 9COLUMNS9.1Introduction, p. 3539.2General,
39、 p. 3539.3Design limits, p. 3539.4Required strength, p. 3549.5Design strength, p. 3569.6Reinforcement limits, p. 3579.7Reinforcement detailing, p. 3579.8Design steps, p. 3599.9Examples, p. 362CHAPTER 10 STRUCTURAL REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS10.1Introduction, p. 39110.2General, p. 39110.3Required stren
40、gth, p. 39310.4Design strength, p. 39410.5Detailing, p. 39810.6Summary, p. 39910.7Examples, p. 400CHAPTER 11FOUNDATIONS11.1Introduction, p. 41911.2Footing design, p. 41911.3Design steps, p. 42011.4Footings subject to eccentric loading, p. 42211.5Combined footing, p. 42311.6Examples, p. 425CHAPTER 1B
41、UILDING EXAMPLE1.1IntroductionThe building depicted in this chapter was developed to show how, by various examples in this Handbook, to design and detail a common concrete building according to ACI 318-14. This example building is seven stories above ground and has a one story basement. The building
42、 has evenly spaced columns along the grid lines. One column has been removed along Grid C on the second level so that there is open space for the lobby. The building dimensions are: Width (north/south) = 72 ft (5 bays 14 ft) Length (east/west) = 218 ft (6 bays 36 ft) Height (above ground) = 92 ft Ba
43、sement height = 10 ftThe basement is used for storage, building services and mechanical equipment. It is ten feet high and has an extra column added in every bay along Grids A through F to support a two-way slab at the second level. There are base-ment walls at the perimeter.The structural system is
44、 an ordinary concrete shear wall in the north/south direction and an ordinary concrete moment frame in east/west direction. These basic systems were chosen as a starting point for the examples. Member examples may be expanded to show how they may be designed in interme-diate or special systems but a
45、 new structural analysis is not done. The following analysis results provide the moments, shears, and axial loads given in the examples in other chap-ters in the manual. Those examples may modify this initial data to demonstrate some specific code requirement.1.2Building plans and elevationThe follo
46、wing building plans and elevation provide the illustration of the example building.American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material www.concrete.orgBuilding ExampleAmerican Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material www.concrete.org10 THE REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN HANDBOOKSP-17(14)A-AAmerican Concrete
47、 Institute Copyrighted Material www.concrete.orgCHAPTER 1BUILDING EXAMPLE 11Building Example1.3LoadsThe following loads for the example building are generated in accordance with ASCE7-10. The Risk Category is II.Gravity LoadsDead Load, D: Self weight Additional D = 15 lb/ft2 Perimeter walls = 15 lb/
48、ft2Live Load: 1stand 2ndFloors: Lobbies, public rooms, and corridors serving them = 100 lb/ft2 Typical Floor: Private rooms and corridors serving them = 65 lb/ft2Roof Live Load: Unoccupied = 20 lb/ft2Snow Load: Ground load, Pg= 20 lb/ft2 Thermal, Ct= 1.0 Exposure, Ce= 1.0 Importance, Is = 1.0 Flat r
49、oof load, Pf= 20 lb/ft2Lateral LoadsWind Load: Basic (ultimate) wind speed = 115 mph Exposure category = C Wind directionality factor, Kd= 0.85 Topographic factor, Kst= 1.0 Gust-effect factor, Gf= 0.85 (rigid) Internal pressure coefficient, GCpi= +/-0.18 Directional ProcedureSeismic Load: Importance, Ie = 1.0 Site class = D SS= 0.15, SDS= 0.16 S1= 0.08, SD1= 0.13 Seismic design category = B Equivalent lateral force procedure Buildi
