1、Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, Mechanical Properties AASHTO Designation: M 227M/M 227-13 ASTM Designation: A663/A663M-12 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-4f M 227M/M
2、 227-1 AASHTO Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, Mechanical Properties AASHTO Designation: M 227M/M 227-13 ASTM Designation: A663/A663M-12 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers hot-wrought merchant quality carbon steel bars and bar size shapes produced to mechanical p
3、roperty requirements and intended for noncritical constructional applications. (See Section 4.2.) 1.2. Merchant quality hot-wrought steel bar is available in the following ranges of size and section: 1.2.1. Rounds, squares, and hexagons with diameters or distance across flats less than 75 mm 3 in. 1
4、.2.2. Bar size shapes with maximum dimensions less than 75 mm 3 in. 1.2.3. Other bar sections with weight per foot less than 60.78 kg/m 40.84 lb/ft. 1.2.4. Flats 150 mm 6 in. or less in width, more than 5.156 mm 0.203 in. in thickness, and less than 60.78 kg/m or 77 cm240.84 lb/ft or 12 in.2 in cros
5、s-sectional area. 1.2.5. Flats over 50 to 200 mm 6 to 8 in. inclusive in width, 6 mm 0.230 in. in thickness, and under 60.78 kg/m or 77 cm240.84 lb/ft or 12 in.2 in cross-sectional area. 1.2.6. Hot-wrought merchant quality carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are hot wrought
6、 in straight lengths only. 1.3. Some applications may require one or more of the available designations shown under supplementary requirements. Note 1Special quality hot-wrought carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements are covered in M 255M/M 255. 1.4. This specification is appl
7、icable to orders in either SI units (as M 227M) or inch-pound units (as M 227). SI units and inch-pound units are not necessarily equivalent. Inch-pound units are shown in brackets in the text for clarity, but they are the applicable values when the material is ordered to M 227. 2. REFERENCED DOCUME
8、NTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 255M/M 255, Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical Properties T 244, Mechanical Testing of Steel Products 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable la
9、w.TS-4f M 227M/M 227-2 AASHTO 2.2. ASTM Standards: A29/A29M, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought E290, Standard Test Methods for Bend Testing of Material for Ductility 3. ORDERING INFORMATION 3.1. Orders for material under this specification
10、should include the following information: 3.1.1. Quantity (mass or number of pieces); 3.1.2. Dimensions (cross-sectional shape, size, and length); 3.1.3. Name of material (merchant quality carbon steel bars); 3.1.4. Specification number and date of issue; 3.1.5. Grade designation; 3.1.6. Copper-bear
11、ing steel (if required); 3.1.7. Heat analysis or test report (request, if required); 3.1.8. Application and processing; and 3.1.9. Supplementary requirements (if required). 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1. Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the requirements of the current editi
12、on of ASTM A29/A29M, except as stated in Sections 1.2 and 4.2. 4.2. Merchant quality bars shall be free from visible pipe; however, they may contain pronounced chemical segregation. Internal porosity, surface seams, and other surface irregularities may be present in this quality. Deoxidation practic
13、e and grain size are at the manufacturers option. 4.3. Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall be furnished as rolled and not pickled, blast cleaned, or oiled. 5. MANUFACTURE 5.1. The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, basic oxygen, or electric furnace process. 2015 by the American Associati
14、on of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f M 227M/M 227-3 AASHTO 6. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION 6.1. The steel shall conform on heat analysis to the following chemical requirements: Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 Sulfur, max, % 0.05 Cop
15、per, when copper steel is specified, min, % 0.20 7. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 7.1. Tensile Requirements: 7.1.1. The material as represented by the test specimen shall conform to the applicable requirements in Table 1. Table 1Tensile Requirements Grade Designation Tensile Strength, MPa ksi Yield Point,aM
16、in, MPa ksibElongation, Min, % 200-mm 8-in. Gauge Length 50-mm 2-in. Gauge Length 310 45 310380 4555 175 25.0 27 33 345 50 345415 5060 195 28.0 25 30 380 55 380450 5565 210 30.0 23 26 415 60 415495 6072 230 33.0 21 22 450 65 450530 6577 250 36.0 17 20 485 70 485585 7085 270 39.0 14 18 515 75 515620
17、7590 285 41.0 14 18 550 80 550 min 80 min 305 44.0 13 17 aWhen the tension test does not show a yield point (drop of the beam, halt of the pointer, or sharp-kneed stressstrain diagram), yield strength shall be determined by either 0.5 percent extension under load or 0.2 percent offset. The minimum M
18、Pa ksi requirement does not change. The test report, if required, shall show yield strength. bRounded value. 7.1.2. Test specimens shall be prepared for testing from the material in its as-rolled condition. The tension specimen may be aged as described in T 244. 7.1.3. Test specimens shall be taken
19、longitudinally and may be tested in full thickness or section, or they may be machined to the dimensions shown in Figures 4 or 5 of T 244. If test specimens are selected conforming to the dimensions of Figure 5, they shall be machined from a position midway between the center and the surface of the
20、bar. 7.1.4. Test specimens for shapes and flats may be machined to the form and dimensions shown in Figure 4 of T 244 or with both edges parallel. Test specimens for material more than 40 mm 11/2in. in thickness or diameter may be machined to a thickness or diameter of at least 20 mm 3/4in. for a le
21、ngth of at least 230 mm 9 in., or they may conform to the dimensions shown in Figure 5 of T 244. 7.1.5. Tensile requirements shall be determined in accordance with T 244. 7.1.6. For material more than 20 mm 3/4in. in thickness or diameter, a deduction from the percentage of elongation in 200 mm 8 in
22、. specified in Table 1 of 0.25 percent shall be made for each increase of 0.8 mm 1/32in. in the specified thickness or diameter above 20 mm 3/4in. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f M
23、227M/M 227-4 AASHTO 7.1.7. For material under 8 mm 5/16in. in thickness or diameter, a deduction from the percentage of elongation in 200 mm 8 in. specified in Table 1 of 2.00 percent shall be made for each decrease of 0.8 mm 1/32in. in the specified thickness or diameter below 8 mm 5/16in. 7.1.8. F
24、or material more than 50 mm 2 in. in thickness or diameter, a deduction from the percentage of elongation in 50 mm 2 in. specified in Table 1 of 1.00 percent shall be made for each 25 mm 1 in. of specified thickness or diameter or fraction thereof over 50 mm 2 in. in thickness or diameter. 7.2. Numb
25、er of Tests: 7.2.1. Two tension tests shall be made from each heat, unless the finished material from a heat is less than 45 Mg 50 tons, when one tension test will be sufficient. However, for material 50 mm 2 in. and under in thickness, when the material from one heat differs 9.5 mm 3/8in. or more i
26、n thickness, one tension test shall be made from both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled (larger than the sizes enumerated in Section 7.1.6), regardless of mass represented. For material more than 50 mm 2 in. thick, when the material from one heat differs 25 mm 1 in. or more in thickness,
27、 one tension test shall be made from both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled that is more than 50 mm 2 in. thick regardless of the mass represented. 7.3. Test Reports: 7.3.1. When test reports are required by the purchase order, the report shall show the results of each test required by S
28、ection 7.2, except that only one test need be reported when the amount of material from a heat in a shipment is less than 9 Mg 10 tons and when the thickness variations described in Section 7.2 are not exceeded. 7.3.2. The thickness of the product tested may not necessarily be the same as an individ
29、ual ordered thickness because it is the heat that is tested rather than each ordered item. 7.3.3. When supplementary requirements are specified, the report shall include a statement of compliance with the requirement or the results of tests when the requirement involves measured test values. 8. KEYW
30、ORDS 8.1. Carbon steel bars; merchant quality steel bars; steel bars. SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply when specified by the purchaser. S1. SPECIAL STRAIGHTNESS S1.1 Bars may be specified to special straightness tolerance. (Refer to ASTM
31、A29/A29M.) S2. CLEANING S2.1. The purchaser may specify that the surface of bars be descaled by pickling or blast cleaning. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f M 227M/M 227-5 AASHTO S3.
32、 COATING S3.1. The purchaser may specify oil on bars that have been descaled. S4. BEND TESTS S4.1. Requirements: S4.1.1. The bend-test specimen shall stand being bent at room temperature through 180 degrees without cracking on the outside of the bent portion to an inside diameter that shall have the
33、 relation to the thickness or diameter of the specimen as given in Table S4.1. Table S4.1Bend Requirements Ratio of Bend Diameter to Thickness of Specimen for Thickness or Diameter of Bar, mm in. Grade Designation 20 3/4 and Under Over 20 3/4 to 25 1 incl Over 25 1 to 40 11/2 incl Over 40 11/2 to 50
34、 2 incl Over 50 2 to Under 75 3 310 45 Flat Flat 1/21 1 345 50 Flat 1/21 11/221/2380 55 1/21 11/22 21/2415 60 1/21 11/221/23 450 65 1 11/22 3 31/2485 70 11/22 21/23 31/2515 75 2 2 3 31/24 550 80 2 21/23 31/24 S4.2. Test Specimens: S4.2.1. Bend-test specimens for material 40 mm 11/2in. and under in d
35、iameter or thickness may be the full thickness of the section. For flat bars more than 50 mm 2 in. in width, the width may be reduced by milling to 40 mm 11/2in. S4.2.2. Bend-test specimens for material greater than 40 mm 11/2in. in diameter or thickness may be machined to a thickness or diameter of
36、 at least 20 mm 3/4in. or to 25 by 12.5 mm 1 to 1/2in. in section. Machined sides of bend-test specimens may have the corners rounded to a radius of not over 1.6 mm 1/16in. for material 50 mm 2 in. and under in thickness, and not over 3.2 mm 1/8in. in radius for material over 50 mm 2 in. in thicknes
37、s. S4.3. Number of Tests: S4.3.1. Two bend tests shall be made from each heat unless the finished material from a heat is less than 45 Mg 50 tons, when one bend test will be sufficient. However, for material 50 mm 2 in. and under in thickness, when the material from one heat differs 9.5 mm 3/8in. or
38、 more in thickness, one bend test shall be made from the thickest and the thinnest material rolled, regardless of mass represented. For material more than 50 mm 2 in. thick, when the material from one heat differs 25 mm 1 in. or more in thickness, one bend test shall be made from both the thickest a
39、nd the thinnest material rolled that is more than 50 mm 2 in. thick regardless of the mass represented. S4.4. Test Methods: S4.4.1. Bend tests shall be made in accordance with ASTM E290. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
