1、Standard Specification for Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings AASHTO Designation: M 247-13 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001TS-4c M 247-1 AASHTO Standard Specification for Glass Beads Used in Pavement
2、 Markings AASHTO Designation: M 247-13 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers glass beads to be dropped or sprayed upon pavement markings so as to produce a reflectorized pavement marking. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3. This standard may involve hazardou
3、s materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory l
4、imitations prior to use. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: T 346, Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings TP 106, Determination of Heavy Metal Content of Glass Beads Using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) 2.2. Environmental Protection Agency Standards: Method 3052, Microwave Assisted Acid Digesti
5、on of Siliceous and Organically Based Matrices Method 6010B, Inorganics by ICPAtomic Emission Spectroscopy Method 6010C, Inorganics by ICPAtomic Emission Spectroscopy 2.3. Federal Standard: Federal Standard No. 40, CFR 261.24, Table 1, Maximum Concentration of Contaminants for the Toxicity Character
6、istic 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1. Types: 3.1.1. Type 0shall be known as a uniform gradation. 3.1.2. Type 1shall be known as a standard gradation. 3.1.3. Types 2, 3, 4, and 5shall be known as modified gradations. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All righ
7、ts reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 247-2 AASHTO 3.2. Coatings: 3.2.1. FlotationAny of the above gradation types may be obtained with oleophobic properties at the request of the purchaser (Note 1). 3.2.2. Moisture ResistanceAny of the above types may be obtained with hy
8、drophobic properties if so specified by the purchaser. 3.2.3. AdherenceAny of the above types may be obtained with an adhesion coating if so specified by the purchaser. Note 1Any of the above types of beads may be specified with a combination of two of the above coatings. Dual coated beads must test
9、 positive for the presence of both specified properties. 3.3. The beads shall be transparent, clean, colorless glass, smooth and spherically shaped, free from milkiness, pits, or excessive air bubbles and conform to the specific requirements in Section 4. 3.4. The glass beads shall contain no more t
10、han 200 ppm (mg/kg) total concentration of lead or arsenic when tested in accordance with Environmental Protection Agency testing methods 3052, 6010B, or 6010C. Note 2End user may consider the use of alternate methods such as TP 106 if not a Federal Aid Job. 4. SPECIFIC PROPERTIES 4.1. GradationThe
11、beads shall meet the gradation requirements for type as given in Table 1. Table 1Gradation of Glass Beads Sieve Designation Mass % Passing Standard, mm Alternate No. Type 0 Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 2.35 8 100 2.00 10 100 95100 1.70 12 100 95100 8095 1.40 14 95100 8095 1040 1.18 16 100 100
12、8095 1040 05 1.00 18 1040 05 02 0.850 20 95100 90100 05 02 0.710 25 02 0.600 30 100 7595 5075 0.425 40 90100 1545 0.300 50 5075 1535 015 0.180 80 05 05 0.150 100 05 4.2. RoundnessThe glass beads shall have a minimum of 70 percent true spheres. 4.3. Refractive IndexThe glass beads shall have a refrac
13、tive index of 1.501.55. 4.4. Coatings: Flotation, Flow, Moisture Resistance, and AdherenceWhen tested in accordance with Sections 8 through 14 of T 346, the presence of the purchaser-specified coatings shall be unambiguous. Beads shall flow properly when tested in accordance with the procedure in 20
14、15 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c M 247-3 AASHTO Section 8 of T 346 unless specified to be moisture resistant, in which case the beads shall flow properly when tested in accordance with
15、 the procedure in Section 9 of T 346. 4.5. The beads shall be dry and free of lumps and clusters. 5. PACKAGING AND MARKING 5.1. Glass beads shall be furnished in kilogram (pound) lots as specified by the purchaser and packaged in moisture-proofed bags. Containers are to be guaranteed to furnish dry
16、and undamaged beads. Each package shall contain the following information: name and address of manufacturer, shipping point, trademark or name, the wording “glass beads,” the specification number, number of kilograms (pounds), the lot or batch number and the month and year of manufacture. 6. TEST METHODS 6.1. The material shall be tested in accordance with T 346. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
