1、Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type) AASHTO Designation: M 33-99 (2016) Release: Group 2 (June 2016) ASTM Designation: D994-98(2010) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washi
2、ngton, D.C. 20001TS-4e M 33-1 AASHTO Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type) AASHTO Designation: M 33-99 (2016) Release: Group 2 (June 2016) ASTM Designation: D994-98(2010) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers bituminous preformed expansion joint
3、 filler for use in concrete construction. Note 1Attention is called to M 153 and M 213. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 153, Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction M 213, Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete
4、 Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types) T 42, Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Construction 2.2. ASTM Standard: C670, Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials 3. MANUFACTURE 3.1. T
5、his product shall consist of a bituminous (asphalt or tar) mastic composition, formed and encased between two layers of bituminous impregnated felt or two layers of glass-fiber felt. The mastic shall comprise mineral fillers and reinforcing fibers, and may contain thin strips of reinforcing sheet ma
6、terial. 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1. Preformed strips of expansion joint filler shall be of such character as not to be deformed or broken by ordinary handling when exposed to atmospheric conditions and shall not become brittle in cold weather. Pieces of the joint filler that have been damaged shall
7、 be rejected. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4e M 33-2 AASHTO 5. PROPERTIES 5.1. Distortion at 52CThe joint filler shall not show a deflection of more than 25 mm when tested in accor
8、dance with Section 8.1. 5.2. BrittlenessThe joint filler shall not crack or shatter when tested in accordance with Section 8.2. Note 2Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of 6 mm or less shall not be subject to a requirement for brittleness. 5.3. Water AbsorptionThe water absorption of
9、the joint filler, when tested in accordance with Section 8.3, shall not exceed the following values: Nominal Thickness of Joint, mm Absorption, max % 25 2.5 19 3 13 4 9.5 5 Note 3Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of less than 9.5 mm shall not be subject to a requirement for water abs
10、orption. 5.4. CompressionThe load required to compress the test specimen to 50 percent of its thickness before test shall be not less than 690 kPa nor more than the following values when the joint filler is tested in accordance with Section 8.4: Nominal Thickness of Joint, mm Load Requirements, minm
11、ax, kPa 25 6905200 19 6905800 13 6906400 Note 4Expansion joint filler having a nominal thickness of less than 13 mm shall not be subject to a requirement for compression. 6. DIMENSIONS AND PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS 6.1. The preformed strips shall conform to the dimensions specified or shown on the plan
12、s. Strips of the joint filler that do not conform to the specified dimensionswithin the permissible variations of +1.6 mm to 0 mm in thickness, 3 mm in depth, and 6 mm in lengthshall be rejected. 7. SAMPLING 7.1. Size of SamplesEach sample shall consist of sufficient material to provide at least thr
13、ee test specimens measuring 50 by 150 mm and at least one test specimen measuring 100 by 100 mm. 7.2. Number of SamplesOne representative sample shall be selected from each shipment of 100 m2or fraction thereof of each thickness ordered. 7.3. Samples shall be packed for transportation in such a mann
14、er that there will be no danger of distortion or breakage. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4e M 33-3 AASHTO 8. TEST METHODS 8.1. Distortion at 52CCut a test specimen 50 by 150 mm, sub
15、stantially flat and straight, with the 150-mm dimension parallel to the machine direction of the strip. Clamp the specimen between two blocks so that the expansion joint forms a cantilever of 90-mm length. Place the clamp and joint assembly in a force-draft oven maintained at 52 1.1C, with the speci
16、men in a horizontal position, for 2 h. Measure the deflection of the specimen from the horizontal. 8.2. BrittlenessCut a test specimen 50 by 150 mm with the 150-mm dimension parallel to the machine direction of the strip. Maintain the specimen at a temperature of 46C in water for at least 2 h prior
17、to testing. Clamp the specimen between two boards so that the expansion joint forms a cantilever of 90-mm length and holds in a horizontal position by a suitable rigid support. Suspend a spherical cast iron ball, weighing 400 g and having a diameter of 48 mm, by a cord tied to an eyelet fastened to
18、the ball. For specimens having a thickness of 14 mm or less, suspend the ball 300 mm above the center of the projecting portion of the specimen. For specimens greater than 14 mm in thickness, suspend the ball 600 mm above the specimen. Release the ball by burning the cord above the eyelet. Other sui
19、table suspension and release devices may be used. 8.3. Water AbsorptionCut a test specimen 50 by 150 mm from the joint filler material, in such a manner that all edges are freshly cut, and determine the mass. Immerse the specimen in water for 24 h, remove, and wipe off the surface water with a sligh
20、tly dampened cloth. Measure the mass of the specimen quickly, calculate the gain in mass, and express as mass percent of water absorbed. 8.4. CompressionTest the joint filler in accordance with T 42, except make only a single application of the load required to compress the specimen to 50 percent of
21、 its thickness before test; and do not measure the recovery. Note 5The distortion and brittleness tests are used to determine the handling characteristic of the material. The water absorption and compression tests are used to determine the suitability of the material as an expansion joint filler. 8.
22、5. Precision and Bias: 8.5.1. Precision statement for single operator was calculated per ASTM C670, Table 2, maximum acceptable range of individual measurements. No precision statement is necessary for brittleness because this property is qualified as an attribute. Precision statements are listed in
23、 Table 1. 8.5.2. Because there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias in this test method, no statement on bias is made. Table 1Single-Operator Precision Statements Property Property as a Function of Nominal Thickness Thickness, nominal, mm 25 19 13 9.5 6.4 Distortion, m
24、ax mm 25 25 25 25 25 Precision, max accept range 2.93 2.30 5.92 6.03 6.84 Brittleness PassaPassaPassaPassa Precision, max accept range b b b b Water absorption, wt % max 2.5 3 4 5 Precision, max accept range 0.057 0.087 0.400 1.187 Compression, kPa, minmax 6905200 6905800 6906400 Precision, max acce
25、pt range 204.2 180.1 416.5 Precision, maximum acceptable range per ASTM C670, Table 2. Maximum acceptable range between high and low individual measurements. aNot crack or shatter. bNo precision statement is necessary for this attribute. 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transpor
26、tation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4e M 33-4 AASHTO 9. KEYWORDS 9.1. Asphalt; bituminous; construction; expansion; joint; paving; preformed. APPENDIXES (Nonmandatory Information) X1. STANDARD TEST METHODS AND CONDITIONS X1.1. Size of SamplesSample
27、sizes were used as required for each test property. X1.2. Number of SpecimensFor each test, three specimens were used. X1.3. Test ConditionsStandard test conditions were used as required in each test section and per Section 8, Test Methods. X2. SINGLE-OPERATOR PRECISION STATEMENTS X2.1. ASTM C670, S
28、tandard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials, was used to develop the single-operator precision statement. X2.2. Windows 95 function categories were used to calculate the average (avg) values and the one-sigma (1s) limits. Data were graphed
29、 using Windows 95 Chart Wizard. X2.3. Acceptance of individual measurement values was based on the calculated difference of two-sigma (d2s) limits as the appropriate index of test precision. Maximum acceptance range of the measurements was calculated per Table 1 of ASTM C670 and, for a given test, t
30、he individual results of the measurements were accepted if the results were within the calculated maximum acceptable range. X2.4. Single-operator precision was calculated per Table 2 of ASTM C670. Results of three specimens were used to calculate the average values and the 1s limits. From ASTM C670,
31、 Table 2, for the average of three measurements, the multiplier is 5.7 for the maximum acceptable range of individual measurements. The precision statement, then, for a single operator is calculated as follows: Precision Statement = (1s) 5.7 X2.5. Calculated precision statements for the various prop
32、erties are given in Table 1. X2.6. Single-operator precision for the average compression load values, for each thickness, is also presented in Figure X2.1 (URLupper range limit, LRLlower range limit). 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved
33、. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4e M 33-5 AASHTO Figure X2.1Graph I COMPRESSION LOAD VALUES X2.7. It was found that the compression load values are dependent on the thickness of the preformed expansion joint filler. As the thickness of the expansion filler increased, the resultant
34、compression load values decreased as shown in Figures X2.1 and X2.2. Figure X2.2Graph II X2.8. With the compression load value of 5200 kPa maximum for 25-mm thick joint filler as a starting point, then by graphic analysis, the maximum compression load values were plotted for each joint filler thickn
35、ess as shown in Figure X2.2 and as stated in Table 1. Single-Operator Precision AcceptanceRange of Individual MeasurementsJoint Filler Thickness, mmCompression Load,kPaAvgURLLRL12 14 16 18 20 22 24 264 7504 2503 7505 0004 5004 0003 500Maximum CompressionLoad vs ThicknessJoint Filler Thickness, mmCompression Load,kPaAvgURLLRLMax12 14 16 18 20 22 24 267 0006 5006 0005 5005 0004 5004 0003 500 2016 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
