AASHTO R 52-2010 Standard Practice for Compost for Erosion Sediment Control (Compost Blankets).pdf
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1、Standard Practice for Compost for Erosion/Sediment Control (Compost Blankets) AASHTO Designation: R 52-10 (2015)1American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-1a R 52-1 AASHTO Standard Practice for Compost for Er
2、osion/Sediment Control (Compost Blankets) AASHTO Designation: R 52-10 (2015)1 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers compost produced from various organic by-products for use as a surface mulch for erosion/sediment control on sloped areas. This technique may be used for both temporary and permanent
3、 erosion/sediment control applications. 1.2. This technique is appropriate for slopes up to a 2:1 grade (horizontal distance:vertical distance) and should only be used in areas that have sheet flow drainage patterns (not areas that receive concentrated flows). This technique may also be used on up t
4、o 1:1 slopes with proper consideration to length of slope and compost application rates (depth). 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. ASTM Standard: D2977, Standard Practice for Particle Size Range of Peat Materials for Horticultural Purposes) 2.2. U.S. EPA Test Method: U.S. EPA, Test Methods for Evaluating
5、 Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 3rd Edition 2.3. TMECC Sampling and Test Method: Test Methods for the Examination of Composting and Compost (TMECC), jointly published by the USDA and USCC (2002, publishing as a part of the USDA National Resource Conservation Technical Bulletin Serie
6、s) 2.4. Other Standards: U.S. Composting Council Seal of Testing Assurance Program documents Development of Landscape Architecture Specifications for Compost Utilization, The U.S. Composting Council and the Clean Washington Center, 1997 3. GENERAL DESCRIPTION 3.1. Compost is the product resulting fr
7、om the controlled biological decomposition of organic material, occurring under aerobic conditions, which has been sanitized through the generation of heat and stabilized to the point that it is appropriate for its particular application. Active composting is typically characterized by a high-temper
8、ature phase that sanitizes the product and allows a high rate of decomposition, followed by a lower-temperature phase that allows the product to stabilize while still decomposing at a slower rate. Compost should possess no objectionable odors or 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and
9、Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-1a R 52-2 AASHTO substances toxic to plants and shall not resemble the raw material from which it was derived. Compost contains plant nutrients but is typically not characterized as a fertilizer. 3.2. Compo
10、st may be derived from a variety of feedstocks, including agricultural, forestry, food, or industrial residuals; biosolids (treated sewage sludge); leaf and yard trimmings; manure; tree wood; or source-separated or mixed solid waste. 3.3. Proper thermophilic composting, meeting the U.S. Environmenta
11、l Protection Agencys definition for a “process to further reduce pathogens” (PFRP), will effectively reduce populations of human and plant pathogens, as well as destroy noxious weed seeds and propagules. 3.4. Compost is typically characterized as a finely screened and stabilized product that is used
12、 as a soil amendment. However, most composts also contain a wood-based fraction (e.g., bark, ground brush and tree wood, wood chips, etc.) that is typically removed before use as a soil amendment. This coarser, woody fraction of compost plays an important role when compost is used in erosion and sed
13、iment control. It is even possible to add fresh, ground bark or composted, properly sized wood-based material to a compost product, as necessary, to improve its efficacy in this application. 3.5. Compost products acceptable for this application must meet the chemical, physical, and biological parame
14、ters outlined in Section 4. 4. CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS 4.1. Compost products specified for use in this application are described in Table 1. The products parameters will vary based on whether vegetation will be established on the treated slope. 4.2. Only compost products that m
15、eet all applicable state and federal regulations pertaining to their production and distribution may be used in this application. Approved compost products must meet related state and federal chemical contaminant (e.g., heavy metals, pesticides, etc.) and pathogen limit standards pertaining to the f
16、eedstocks (source materials) in which they were derived. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-1a R 52-3 AASHTO Table 1Compost Blanket Parameters Parametersa,bReported as (Units of Measure)
17、Surface Mulch to Be Vegetated Surface Mulch to Be Left Unvegetated pHcpH units 5.08.5 N/A Soluble Salt Concentrationc(Electrical Conductivity) dS/m (mmhos/cm) Max 5 Max 5 Moisture Content %, wet weight basis 3060 3060 Organic Matter Content %, dry weight basis 2565 25100 Particle Size % passing a se
18、lected mesh size, dry weight basis 3 in. (75 mm), 100% passing 1 in. (25 mm), 90% to 100% passing 3/4in. (19 mm), 65% to 100% passing 1/4in. (6.4 mm), 0% to 75% passing Max particle length of 6 in. (152 mm) 3 in. (75 mm), 100% passing 1 in. (25 mm), 90% to 100% passing 3/4in. (19 mm), 65% to 100% pa
19、ssing 1/4in. (6.4 mm), 0% to 75% passing Max particle length of 6 in. (152 mm) Stability/MaturitydCarbon Dioxide Evolution Rate mg CO2-C per g OM per day 8 N/A Physical Contaminants (Man-made Inerts) %, dry weight basis 1 1 aRecommended test methodologies are provided in Test Methods for the Examina
20、tion of Composting and Compost (TMECC, The U.S. Composting Council). bLandscape architects and project (field) engineers may modify the allowable compost specification ranges based on specific field conditions and plant requirements. cEach specific plant species requires a specific pH range. Each pl
21、ant also has a salinity tolerance rating, and maximum tolerable quantities are known. When specifying the establishment of any plant or turf species, it is important to understand their pH and soluble salt requirements and how they relate to the compost in use. dStability/Maturity rating is an area
22、of compost science that is still evolving, and as such, other various test methods could be considered. Also, never base compost quality conclusions on the result of a single stability/maturity test. 4.3. Very coarse compost should be avoided if the slope is to be landscaped or seeded as it will mak
23、e planting and crop establishment more difficult. 4.4. In regions subject to higher rates of precipitation and/or rainfall intensity, higher compost application rates should be used. In these particular regions, as well as regions subject to wind erosion, coarser compost products are preferred. Note
24、 1Specifying the use of compost products that are certified by the U.S. Composting Councils Seal of Testing Assurance (STA) Program (postingcouncil.org) will allow for the acquisition of products that are analyzed on a routine basis, using the specified test methods. STA participants are also requir
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