1、Standard Method of Test for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chloride for Roads and Structural Applications AASHTO Designation: T 143-13 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-4c T 143-1 AASHTO Standard Method
2、 of Test for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chloride for Roads and Structural Applications AASHTO Designation: T 143-13 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test method describes the sampling of both solid and liquid forms of calcium chloride and brine using calcium chloride. It also describes the sieving procedure for
3、 the solid form of calcium chloride. 1.2. The Appendix describes a rapid method for the chemical analysis to determine total chlorides of the calcium chloride sample. 1.3. SI UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound equivalents may be approximate. It is c
4、ommon practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). 1.4. In the English system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) should not be rega
5、rded as nonconformance with this standard. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 144, Calcium Chloride M 231, Weighing Devices Used in the Testing of Materials T 27, Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates R 66, Sampling Asphalt Materials 2.2. ASTM Standards: E11, Standard Specificat
6、ion for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves E449, Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride D1429, Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Water and Brine 3. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1. This test method describes procedures to be used for sampling calcium chloride, and for d
7、etermining the sieve analysis of solid forms of calcium chloride to determine compliance with specification requirements, such as M 144. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c T 143-2 AASH
8、TO 4. APPARATUS 4.1. Sampling Equipment: 4.1.1. Sampling TubeRound metal or rigid plastic tube, approximately 25 to 40 mm (1 to 11/2in.) in diameter, and of sufficient length (approximately 500 mm (20 in.) minimum) for sampling solid forms of calcium chloride. 4.1.2. Sampling DevicesSampling devices
9、 as described in R 66 for sampling liquid calcium chloride. 4.1.3. Sampling ContainersGlass containers or suitable semirigid plastic containers with covers capable of providing an airtight seal until samples are tested. Solid forms of calcium chloride shall use wide mouth containers. 4.2. SievesSiev
10、es, with size openings described in M 144, shall conform to the requirements of ASTM E11. 4.3. BalancesClass G 2 balances meeting the requirements of M 231, having a minimum capacity of at least 250 g. 5. HAZARDS 5.1. Safety HazardsThis standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns
11、, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 6. SAMPLING 6.1. Solid FormSample a shipment of the solid form calcium chloride for te
12、st purposes by selecting not less than three containers at random from the shipment. Sample each of the containers by scraping aside the top layer to a depth of approximately 25 mm (1 in.) and taking 0.5 kg (1 lb) samples by means of a sampling tube, sampling thief, or other method that will ensure
13、a sample that is representative of a cross section of the material in the container to a depth of at least 152 mm (6 in.). Take precautions during the sampling operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. Immediately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to form a repre
14、sentative composite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container. 6.2. Liquid FormSample a shipment of liquid form calcium chloride for testing purposes by selecting not less than three approximately 500-mL (1-pt) samples from each container of the shipment by means o
15、f an appropriate sampling device or other method that will ensure a sample that is representative of the contents of the container. Take precautions during the sampling operation to avoid exposing the sample unduly to atmospheric moisture. Immediately and thoroughly mix the individual samples to for
16、m a representative composite sample of material and store in a sealed glass or suitable plastic container. 6.3. Brine Using Calcium ChlorideSample a batch of brine made using calcium chloride for testing purposes by selecting not less than three samples from the storage tank or truck by means of an
17、appropriate sampling device or other method that will ensure a sample that is representative of the contents of the container. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c T 143-3 AASHTO 7. PROC
18、EDURE 7.1. Sieve Analysis: 7.1.1. In accordance with T 27, sieve approximately 200 g of calcium chloride, weighed to the nearest 0.1 g. Complete the sieving within 1 min (5 s). Use sieve sizes as required to provide required information by the governing specification, along with others necessary to
19、control the amount of material on any given sieve. Use a bottom pan and a cover. 7.1.2. ReportReport the sieve analysis in accordance with the gradation requirements of M 144, or other specification. 7.2. Chemical AnalysisDetermine the chemical analysis of the sample in accordance with ASTM E449. 7.
20、3. Specific Gravity of Brine Made with Calcium ChlorideDetermine the specific gravity of the sample of brine using Test Method D of ASTM D1429. 8. PRECISION AND BIAS 8.1. PrecisionNo statement is made about the sieve analysis for calcium chloride. The estimates of precision in T 27 may be used as a
21、guide. 8.2. BiasBecause there are not acceptable reference materials for determining the bias of the sieve analysis for calcium chloride, no statement on bias is being made. 9. KEYWORDS 9.1. Brine; calcium chloride; sampling; sieve analysis. APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) X1. RAPID METHOD OF AN
22、ALYSIS FOR CALCIUM CHLORIDE X1.1. Scope: X1.1.1. This Appendix describes a rapid method for the chemical analysis to determine total chlorides of the calcium chloride sample, and can be used for either the solid form or the liquid form. X1.2. Significance and Use: X1.2.1. This Appendix describes a p
23、rocedure for the chemical analysis to determine total chlorides in the sample and reports that value as calcium chloride. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4c T 143-4 AASHTO X1.3. Appara
24、tus: X1.3.1. GlasswareStandard weighing bottles, volumetric flasks, and burets. X1.3.2. BalanceAs described in Section 4.3. X1.4. Reagents: X1.4.1. Nitric Acid (HNO3)1+1 by volume. X1.4.2. Dichlorofluorescein0.1 percent aqueous solution of the sodium salt of dichlorofluorescein. X1.4.3. Silver Nitra
25、te Solution0.1 N AgNO3. X1.4.4. Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH). X1.5. Procedure: X1.5.1. In a weighing bottle, weigh a sample of approximately 20 g to the nearest 0.1 g. Dissolve the solid form in distilled water. Add sufficient nitric acid (HNO3) (1+1) to clear, dilute to 1000 mL in a volumetric flask,
26、 and mix thoroughly. Titrate a 10 mL aliquot, containing 5 to 7 drops of the dichlorofluorescein solution as indicator, with 0.1 N silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution to a pink end point. Use of other suitable indicators is permitted. X1.5.2. This procedure is not suitable for testing the material if mo
27、re than a slight precipitate of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) appears when a 10 percent filtered solution of the material is made alkaline with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). X1.6. Calculation: X1.6.1. Calculate total chlorides expressed as a percent CaCl2, C, as follows: X1.6.2. C = mL 0.1 N AgNO3 2.7
28、7 X1.7. Precision and Bias: X1.7.1. The rapid method is not intended for determination of specification compliance. Precision and bias statements are not being made. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
