1、Standard Method of Test for Evaluation by Freezing and Thawing of Air-Entraining Additions to Hydraulic Cement AASHTO Designation: T 188-05 (2012) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-3b T 188-1 AASHTO S
2、tandard Method of Test for Evaluation by Freezing and Thawing of Air-Entraining Additions to Hydraulic Cement AASHTO Designation: T 188-05 (2012) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This method is intended for use in determining the ability of cement containing an air-entraining agent to produce frost-resistant concrete
3、when tested in accordance with the procedures described below. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 6, Fine Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete M 80, Coarse Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete M 85, Portland C
4、ement M 240M/M 240, Blended Hydraulic Cement R 39, Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory T 161, Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing 2.2. ASTM Standard: C215, Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Resonant Frequencies of Co
5、ncrete Specimens 3. APPARATUS 3.1. Molds and Tamping RodThe molds and tamping rods shall be as specified in R 39. 3.2. Freezing and Thawing ApparatusThe freezing and thawing apparatus shall be as specified in T 161, Procedure A or B. 3.3. Dynamic Testing ApparatusThe dynamic testing apparatus shall
6、be as specified in ASTM C215. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-3b T 188-2 AASHTO 4. AGGREGATES 4.1. The fine and coarse aggregates used in making the concrete specimens shall conform to
7、 the requirements of M 6 and M 80, respectively, and shall be the laboratory standards for the intended use (concrete) of the department or agency that will use the cement under test. These aggregates shall be of such a quality that they will not cause concrete (as described in this method) containi
8、ng them to show a durability factor of less than 80 after 200 cycles of freezing and thawing if the concrete is made with a paste that is protected against frost damage by an adequate system of air voids. 4.1.1. Fine AggregateThe fine aggregates shall be graded as follows: Sieve Designation Mass Per
9、cent Passing mm No. 4.75 4 100 2.36 8 85 3 1.18 16 65 5 0.600 30 45 5 0.300 50 21 2 0.150 100 7 5 4.1.2. Coarse AggregateThe coarse aggregates shall be graded as follows: Sieve Designation Mass Percent Passing mm in. 19.0 3/4100 12.5 1/266 3 9.5 3/833 3 4.75 No. 4 03 5. CONCRETE MIXTURE 5.1. A concr
10、ete mixture, using cement containing the air-entraining agent in an amount such that the cement meets the requirements of M 85 or M 240M/M 240 for air-entraining cements, shall be proportioned to have an actual cement content of 335 2.8 kg/m3(564 5 lb/yd3). The water content of the mixtures shall be
11、 adjusted to provide a slump of 63.5 12.7 mm (21/2 1/2in.). The ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate shall be adjusted to the optimum for concrete to be consolidated by hand rodding. Recommended values for the percentage of fine aggregate in the total aggregate by absolute volume are: for angu
12、lar coarse aggregate, 41; for rounded coarse aggregate, 36. If other admixtures are to be used in the intended concrete application, they shall be included in the concrete mixture. 5.1.1. The concrete shall be machine mixed according to the applicable provisions of R 39. 6. SPECIMENS AND PROCEDURE 6
13、.1. The specimens and testing procedure shall be as described in T 161, Procedure A or B. For this test, the dimensions of the specimens shall be either 75 by 105 by 405 mm (3 by 4 by 16 in.) or 90 by 115 by 405 mm (31/2by 41/2by 16 in.). The testing shall be continued until the specimens have been subjected to 200 cycles or until the relative modulus of each specimen reaches 80 percent of the initial modulus, whichever occurs first. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
