1、Standard Method of Test for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by a Rotational Paddle Viscometer AASHTO Designation: T 382-181Technical Section: 2a, Emulsified Asphalts Release: Group 3 (August) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street
2、N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-2a T 382-1 AASHTO Standard Method of Test for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by a Rotational Paddle Viscometer AASHTO Designation: T 382-181Technical Section: 2a, Emulsified Asphalts Release: Group 3 (August) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test method u
3、tilizes a rotational paddle viscometer to measure the viscosity of emulsified asphalt. It is applicable to all the emulsified asphalts described in M 140, M 208, and M 316, and with temperatures between 25C and less than 90C (77F and less than 194F). Note 1The viscometer makes measurements at 25C (7
4、7F), 40C (104F), 50C (122F), 80C (176F), and 90C (194F) without any external ancillary equipment and with a temperature probe directly in the liquid sample. The viscosity measurement range is from 30 mPas to 3000 mPas (30 to 3000 cP). 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the stan
5、dard. The values given in parentheses are for informational purposes only. 1.3. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determ
6、ine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 140, Emulsified Asphalts M 208, Cationic Emulsified Asphalts M 316, Polymer-Modified Emulsified Asphalts R 66, Sampling Asphalt Materials T 59, Emulsified Asphalt 2.2. ASTM Standards: D7226
7、, Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer E1, Standard Specifications for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers E11, Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves 2018 by the American Association of State Hig
8、hway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-2 AASHTO 3. TERMINOLOGY 3.1. Definition: 3.1.1. viscositya ratio of shear stress to shear rate, 4. SUMMARY OF TEST METHOD 4.1. The viscometer is used to measure the apparent viscosity of
9、emulsified asphalt at 25C (77F), 50C (122F), or other agreed-upon temperatures. 4.2. A microprocessor circuitry system functioning in tandem with a temperature probe inserted directly in the sample and equipped with internal electronic sensors detects and analyzes the preset temperature. The system
10、shall control the preset temperature to 0.1C (0.5F) of the preset temperature. 4.3. A paddle is immersed in the emulsified asphalt sample and is rotated at 100 rpm. The apparent viscosity of the sample is obtained and read from the electronic display or printer. 5. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1. This tes
11、t method is useful to characterize the viscosity of emulsified asphalt products, as an element to establish uniformity of shipments and sources of supply. 5.2. The viscosity of emulsified asphalts characterizes their flow properties and affects their utility at 50C (122F) or at other temperatures. F
12、or many applications, the spray-ability and workability of emulsified asphalt are directly related to the viscosity. The material must have a viscosity low enough to be sprayed yet high enough to not flow from the crown or grade of the road. 5.3. For mixing-grade emulsified asphalts, the viscosity w
13、ill affect its workability and resulting film thickness on the aggregate. 5.4. This test method is useful to measure the apparent viscosity of emulsified asphalt at a temperature of 25C (77F), 50C (122F), or another agreed-upon temperature. The preset temperature and rotational speed at 100 rpm allo
14、w for an automated and consistent determination of an emulsified asphalt viscosity within a short time. 6. APPARATUS Note 2All dimensions are in millimeters (inches). 6.1. The rotational paddle viscometer test system consists of a paddle, temperature probe, sample cup, the sample cup cover, a temper
15、ature control unit for controlling the sample temperature to within 0.1C (0.2F), and a readout system to display viscosity. 6.2. The parts of the viscometer are shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplicat
16、ion is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-3 AASHTO Figure 1Paddle Dimensions Figure 2Sample Cup Dimensions 4.76 mm (0.19 in.)20.32 mm(0.80 in.)48.26 mm(1.90 in.)48.26 mm(1.90 in.)R 5.08 mm (0.20 in.)1.27 mm (0.05 in.)Tolerance 0.127 mm (0.005 in.)Liquid Fill Line Height60.71 mm(2.39 in.)52.83
17、 mm(2.08 in.)Tolerance 0.127 mm (0.005 in.)R 5.08 mm(0.20 in.) 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-4 AASHTO Figure 3Paddle and Sample Cup with Temperature Probe 6.3. ThermometerA
18、ny thermometric device with acc uracy of 1C (2F) can be used to monitor the temperature of the sample being conditioned for testing. 6.4. SieveAn 850-m (No. 20) sieve or a 20-mesh strainer of wire cloth, framed or unframed, conforming to ASTM E11. 6.5. Oven/Water BathAn oven/water bath capable of ma
19、intaining the required testing temperature within the limit of 3C (5F). 7. SAMPLING 7.1. Obtain a representative sample of the material for testing using standard procedures as specified in R 66. 8. PROCEDURE 8.1. Turn on the viscometer power; set it to the test temperature, and attach the paddle to
20、 the viscometer. Allow the instrument to warm up for a minimum of 30 min. 8.2. Emulsified asphalts with a viscosity testing requirement of 50C (122F) shall be heated to 50 3C (122 5F) in the original sample container in a water bath or oven. If the sample temperature is greater or less than 50C (122
21、F) it shall be conditioned in accordance with T 59, Section 4 to the required test temperature. 8.3. Emulsified asphalts with a viscosity testing temperature requirement of 25C (77F) shall be conditioned at 25 3C (77 5F) in the original sample container to achieve homogeneity in accordance with T 59
22、, Section 4. PaddleThermometer Probe2.286 mm 0.127 mm(0.090 in. 0.005 in.)1.150 mm 0.127 mm(0.045 in. 0.005 in.) 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-5 AASHTO 8.4. Pour the sample
23、 into the sample cup, strained through an 850-m (No. 20) or 20-mesh sieve, to the fill line of viscometer sample cup. 8.5. Place the filled sample cup into the temperature control unit heater block, and lock the cup in place. 8.6. Submerge the paddle and the temperature probe into the sample. Verify
24、 that the paddle is completely submerged in accordance with Figure 3. Verify the temperature probe is properly submerged for the type of temperature probe used. 8.7. Ensure the paddle is free to rotate. Place the sample cover over the sample cup. 8.8. Verify that the temperature of the sample is 3 t
25、o 5 degrees lower than the test temperature before beginning the test sequence; then start the test following the manufacturers instructions. The rotational speed is determined by the manufacturer. 8.9. The average time for testing varies from 5 to 20 minutes depending on the test temperature. 8.10.
26、 After the test is completed, record the apparent viscosity reading from the viscometer, and, apply the correction factor by multiplying the apparent viscosity by the correction factor, F, as calculated in Section 9.2, and record the corrected viscosity. 9. CALIBRATION AND STANDARDIZATION 9.1. Calib
27、rate the viscometer at intervals of not greater than one year or as otherwise required by measuring the viscosity at 25C (77F) of an appropriate standard following the procedure in Section 8. See Annex A for the recommended certified viscosity standard. 9.2. If the specific viscometer does not allow
28、 a digital calibration, the user shall manually calculate a correction factor, F, as follows: sF=(1) where: F = correction factor for the test temperature to the nearest 0.1, s= certified viscosity of the standard at the test temperature, and = measured apparent viscosity at the test temperature. 9.
29、3. If the specific viscometer permits the user to digitally calibrate the viscosity, follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. 9.4. Calibrate the viscometer in the same manner as above, using a viscosity standard for 50C (122F). See Annex A1 for the recommended certified viscosity standa
30、rd. 10. REPORT 10.1. Report the test temperature to the nearest 0.1. 10.2. Report the apparent viscosity to the nearest 0.1 mPas (optional). 10.3. Report the correction factor, F, to the nearest 0.1 (optional). 10.4. Report the viscosity (corrected viscosity) to the nearest mPas. 2018 by the America
31、n Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-6 AASHTO 11. PRECISION AND BIAS 11.1. The following criteria should be used for judging the acceptability of results (95 percent probability):211.1.1. Single-Ope
32、rator PrecisionDuplicate results by the same operator should not be considered suspect unless they differ by more than the following amount: Test Temperature C (F) Viscosity mPas Repeatability % of the mean 25 (77) 25 to 200 8.2 50 (122) 100 to 1000 12.9 11.1.2. Multilaboratory PrecisionThe results
33、submitted by each of two laboratories should not be considered suspect unless they differ by more than the following amount: Test Temperature C (F) Viscosity mPas Reproducibility % of the mean 25 (77) 25 to 200 22 50 (122) 100 to 1000 64 11.2. BiasNo information can be presented on the bias of the p
34、rocedure because no material having the accepted reference value is available. 12. KEYWORDS 12.1. Emulsified asphalt; rotational; rotational paddle viscometer; viscosity. 13. REFERENCES 13.1. ASTM Standards: D977, Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt D2397/D2397M, Standard Specification for
35、 Cationic Emulsified Asphalt 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-2a T 382-7 AASHTO ANNEX AVISCOSITY STANDARDS (Mandatory Information) A1. STANDARDS A1.1. Certified standard S60 with a vis
36、cosity of 100 mPas for 25C (77F). A1.2. Certified standard S600 with a viscosity of 240 mPas for 50C (122F). 1Formerly AASHTO Provisional Standard TP 121. First published as a full standard in 2018. 2Research Reports RR:D04-1037 and RR:D04-1038 present the results of the Interlaboratory Study used t
37、o establish the precision and bias statement for ASTM D7226, Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer. The collaborative study included participation of 14 labs for Research Report RR:D04-1037 and 15 labs for Research Report RR:D04
38、-1038 that used ASTM D7226 to analyze the viscosity of several types of emulsified asphalt of varying viscosity levels, including three different standards. The research reports present a summary method performance statistics as well as the measurement data used to calculate the results for the study. 2018 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.
