1、 AECMA STANDARD NORME AECMA AECMA NORM prEN 4540 Edition P 1 November 2001 PUBLISHED BY THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES - STANDARDIZATION (AECMA-STAN) Gulledelle 94 - 5-1200 BRUXELLES - Tel. (+32) 2 775 81 10 - Fax. (+32) 2 775 81 1 1 ICs: 49.035 Descriptors: ENGLISH VERSION Aerospa
2、ce series Bearings, spherical plain, in corrosion resisting steel with self-lubricating liner Elevated load under low oscillations Tech n cal spec if i cat ion Srie arospatiale Rotules, en acier rsistant la corrosion garniture autolubrifiante charge leve sous faibles oscillations Spcification techni
3、que Luft- und Raumfahrt Gelenklager, aus korrosionsbestndigem Stahl mit selbstschmierender Beschichtung Hohe Belastung ohne Montagenut Technische Liefe rbed ingu ng en This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of AECMA-STAN (The European Association of Aerospace
4、Industries - Standardization). It is published on green paper for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Domain following member comments. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be cha
5、nged to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the stan dard. After examination and review by users and formal agreement of AECMA-STAN it will be submitfed as a draft European Standard to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) fo
6、r formal vote. Nota - Extra copies can be supplied by B.N.A.E. - Technopolis 54 - 199, rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau - 92138 ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX CEDEX I I Edition approved for publication 1 Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to I Mechanical Domain 2001-11-30 I AECMA-
7、STAN 6-1200 BRUXELLES Gulledelle 94 Mr Feltham I 1 aecma 200 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 2 prEN 4540: 2001 Contents 1 2 3 4 5
8、6 7 Annex A Annex B Annex C Annex D Annex E Scope Normative references . Terms and definitions . . Required characteristics, inspection and test methods . Qua I ity as su ran ce Packaging . . (normative) Verification of permissible and ultimate static loads . . Certificate of conformity (normative)
9、Verification of dy (normative) Fluids - Essential characteristics . (normative) Measurement of (normative) Duty cycles . Page 3 3 3 6 14 14 14 19 22 24 25 26 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproductio
10、n or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 3 prEN 4540: 2001 1 Scope This standard specifies the required characteristics, inspection and test methods, qualification and acceptance conditions for spherical plain bearings in corrosion resistant steel, self aligning with self lubricat
11、ing liner designed to withstand (under load) slight swiveling and slow rotations only. It is applicable whenever referenced. These bearings are for actuator applications and for use in the temperature range - 55 “C to 163 OC. The liner may be of a fabric or composite material bonded to the inside di
12、ameter of the outer ring or in a composite material moulded into a pre-formed cavity between the inner and outer rings. The duty cycle (annex E, normative) has been established on the basis of a civil aircraft aileron surface application. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by
13、 dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply this European Standard
14、only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to apply. IS0 1 1078 EN 3042 EN 4538-1 Aerospace - Aircraft de-icing/anti-icing non-Newtonian fluids, IS0 type II Aerospace series - Quality assurance - EN aerospace products
15、- Qualification procedure Aerospace series - Bearings, spherical plain, in corrosion resisting steel with self-lubricating liner - Elevated load under low oscillations - Narrow series - Dimensions and loads - Metric series 1) Aerospace series - Bearings, spherical plain, in corrosion resisting steel
16、 with self-lubricating liner - Elevated load under low oscillations - Narrow series - Dimensions and loads - Inch series 1) Aerospace series - Bearings, spherical plain, in corrosion resisting steel with self-lubricating liner - Elevated load under low oscillations - Wide series - Dimensions and loa
17、ds - Metric series 1) Aerospace series - Bearings, spherical plain, in corrosion resisting steel with self-lubricating liner - Elevated load under low oscillations - Wide series - Dimensions and loads - Inch series 1) EN 4538-2 EN 4539-1 EN 4539-2 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this sta
18、ndard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 self-lubricated spherical plain bearings, self-aligning in corrosion resistant steel with staking groove for actuator applications these consist of two concentric rings, between which is interposed a self-lubricating liner which is bonded or moul
19、ded on the spherical surface of the outer ring. The width of the inner ring is greater than the width of the outer ring, so that a tilting movement is possible in addition to the rotational movement. The outer ring has no assembly slot. This outer ring has grooves for mechanical swaging. 1) Publishe
20、d as AECMA Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 4 prEN 4540: 2001 3.2 Surface d
21、iscontinuities 3.2.1 crack break in the material, which may extend in all directions and be intercrystalline or transcrystalline in character 3.2.2 score, scratch open surface defect 3.2.3 surface defect where particles of metal or sharp edges are folded over and then rolled or forged into the surfa
22、ce lap 3.2.4 seam unwelded fold which appears as an open defect in the material 3.3 starting torque at zero load torque required to start the rotation of the inner ring with the outer ring held stationary. 3.4 friction coefficient the friction coefficient of the bearing under load is given by the fo
23、llowing formula: C JJ=- F with = friction coefficient C = torque moment F = load on the bearing = inner spherical ball radius 3.5 permissible radial static loads Radial (C,) this corresponds to a permissible unit pressure multiplied by the projected surface area, the inner ring being able to take an
24、y position within the limits of the tilting angle indicated in the product standards or design documentation. The direction of the load shall remain in the center plane of the outer ring. The radial projected surface area is given by the following formula: Where the dimensions shown in figure 1 are
25、as given in the appropriate product standard. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 5 prEN 4540: 2001 Figure 1 3.6 dynamic radial load (
26、oscillatory duty cycles) load which may be withstood by a bearing submitted to an oscillating movement following a given number and frequency of cycles, without the wear of the self-lubricating liner exceeding the values given in this standard. 3.6.1 oscillating duty cycles are defined in annex E. T
27、he table defines unit pressure applied. The dynamic radial load is defined for each bearing size by multiplying the unit pressure by the projected surface area, see dimensional standard. 3.6.2 dynamic radial load one oscillating cycle includes an angular displacement of the inner ring in relation to
28、 the outer ring from O“ to 25“, then from 25“ to - 25“ and finally - 25“ to O“. c*5 3.7 adhesion of the liner - Void area where the adhesive bond is broken or non-existant and leaves a smooth and clean interface on the metallic surface 3.8 delivery batch this consists of bearings with the same ident
29、ity block, which may come from different production batches. 3.9 ultimate static loads is equivalent to 1,5 times the permissible static load. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking
30、 permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 6 prEN 4540: 2001 Q“ xx xx X Ab xx xx xx xx xx xx 4 Required characteristics, inspection and test methods See table 1 Table 1 Clause Characteristics Requirements Inspection and test methods 1.1 Materials Shall conform with the product standards or design
31、documentation. Chemical analysis or certificate issued by semi-finished product manufacturer 1.2 Dimensions and tolerances Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. Dimensions not shown shall be at the manufacturers option. Suitable measuring instruments Measurement of bore a
32、nd outer diameter: - rings with a width of I 10 mm: in the center plane; - rings with a width of i0 mm: in two planes parallel to the outer faces and at a distance from these faces of twice the maximum value of the ring chamfer. The minimum and maximum diameters shall be determined in each measuring
33、 plane. - the width of each ring (distance between the two faces) shall be verified at a minimum of four points. Measurement of ring width: Suitable methods 1.3 Masses Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation.
34、It shall be legible and shall not adversely affect the material or the functioning of the bearing. - the bearings shall be free of surface discontinuities liable to have an adverse effect on their characteristics and endurance; - the liner shall not contain contaminant products and shall not show br
35、oken or voided areas; - lubrication shall not be permitted. 1.4 Marking Visual examination 1.5 - 1.5.1 - 1.5.2 Surface appearance Assem bled bearings Visual inspection using suitable methods Unassembled rings Magnetic or dye penetrant inspection 1.6 Hardness Shall conform with the product standards
36、or design documentation. Suitable processes and measuring instruments 1.7 Surface roughness Suitable measuring instruments or visual- tactile samples Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. 1.8 Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. Surface treatm
37、ent Behaviour in rotation and tilt - visual inspection; - as per surface treatment standard. Manual inspection 1.9 Bearings shall be able to move freely within the angular limits specified in the product standards or design documentation. continued Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs d
38、e Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 7 prEN 4540: 2001 Table 1 (continued) Clause 1.10 - L10.1 - 1.1 0.2 - 1.1 0.3 1.1 1 1.1 2 1.1 3 : haracteristics Starting torque it zero load - at am
39、bient temperature -at low temperature - aiter limit temperatures Spherical ;uraces :onformity Permissible static loads: - Radial: Cs - Axial: Ca Ultimate static ioads: - Radial - Axial Requirements Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. Starting torque 5 2 times those list
40、ed in the product standards or design documentation. Shall conform with tables 2 (a) and 2 (b). For bonded liners: difference between the values measured normally to the spherical surfaces shall not exceed 0,08 mm. For injectedmoulded liners: the maximum thickness of the liner shall be located betwe
41、en the CI10 positions. The minimum thickness shall be 0,2 mm. Shall conform with the product standards or design documentation. No maximum total deflection greater than those listed in tables 3 (a) and 3 (b) under permissible static loads (CS). After removing the loads, no permanent deformations gre
42、ater than those listed in tables 3 (a) and 3 (b). After the removal of the loads, there shall be no cracks, no push out of the inner ring or deterioration of the bearing. inspection and test methods Suitable processes and measuring instruments: - measurement of the starting torque shall be preceded
43、by some rotations and a few turning movements by hand; - measure the torque, applied gradually to the inner ring, in both directions, with the outer ring held stationary. Read off the maximal value required to start up the inner ring. - subject the bearing, during 4 h at the minimum temperature I5 O
44、C; - immediately after, measure the torque following 4.10.1. - subject the bearing during 1 h at the minimum temperature i 5 OC, then 1 h at the maximum temperature “C; - repeat successively x 1 O this test; - 4 h after these tests, measure the torque, at ambient temperature, following 4.10.1. Encap
45、sulate the bearing in plastic material as used in metallurgical mounts. Section the bearing following a diameter plane and polish the surfaces (see figure 2). By use of an optical comparator, for example, measure dimension “I at a minimum of five uniformly spaced positions across the bearing (see fi
46、gure 2) on both opposite surfaces. The selected points shall include the middle position of the bearing at the Ci10 positions. Encapsulate the bearing in plastic material as used in metallurgical mounts. Section the bearing following a diameter plane and polish the surfaces. By use of an optical com
47、parator, for example, measure dimension “f at a minimum of five uniformly spaced positions across the bearing (see figure 2) on both opposite surface. The selected points shall include the middle position of the bearing at the C/10 positions. See annex A. See annex A. continued Copyright Association
48、 Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 8 prEN 4540: 2001 Table 1 (continued) Clause .14 .14 bis 1.1 5 1.1 6 :haracterlstics bynamic radial ,ads C25: - at low
49、temperature - at high temperature Iynamic radial Dads duty :ycles: -at ambient temperature -iner :ompatibility vlth the fluids Peel strength of the liner Requirements ;hall conform with the product standards or lesign documentation. ifter the removal of the loads: - no metal-to-metal contact between inner and outer ring; - the liner wear shall not exceed the values listed in table 4; - the peel-strength and the bond integr
